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Continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic agents following colorectal surgery:Systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第34期14卷 5301-5305页

作者： Alan Karthikesalingam stewart R Walsh Sheraz R Markar Umar Sadat Tjun Y Tang Charles M Malata Department of General Surgery Addenbrooke’s HospitalCambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Addenbrooke’s HospitalCambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust

AIM:To provide a specifi c review and meta-analysis of the available evidence for continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic agents following midline laparoto-my for major colorectal surgery. METHODS: Medline, Embase, trial registries, conference proceedings and article reference lists were searched to identify randomised, controlled trials of continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic agents following colorectal surgery. The primary outcomes were opioid consumption, pain visual analogue scores (VASs), return to bowel function and length of hospital stay. Weighted mean difference were calculated for continuous outcomes. RESULTS: Five trials containing 542 laparotomy wounds were eligible for inclusion. There was a sig- nificant decrease in post-operative pain VAS at rest on day 3 (weighted mean difference: -0.43; 95% CI: -0.81 to -0.04; P = 0.03) but not on post-operative day 1 and 2. Local anaesthetic infusion was associated with a signifi cant reduction in pain VAS on movement on all three post-operative days (day 1 weighted mean difference: -1.14; 95% CI: -2.24 to -0.041; P = 0.04, day 2 weighted mean difference: -0.97, 95% CI: -1.91to -0.029; P = 0.04, day 3 weighted mean difference: -0.61; 95% CI: 1.01 to -0.20; P = 0.0038). Local an- aesthetic wound infusion was associated with a signifi - cant decrease in total opioid consumption (weighted mean difference: -40.13; 95% CI: -76.74 to -3.53; P = 0.03). There was no signifi cant decrease in length of stay (weighted mean difference: -20.87; 95% CI: -46.96 to 5.21; P = 0.12) or return of bowel function (weighted mean difference: -9.40; 95% CI: -33.98 to 15.17; P = 0.45). CONCLUSION: The results of this systematic re- view and meta-analysis suggest that local anaesthetic wound infusion following laparotomy for major color- ectal surgery is a promising technique but do not pro- vide conclusive evidence of benefi t. Further research is required including cost-effectiveness analysis.

关键词： Colorectal surgery Laparotomy Local anaesthesia Infusion Wound healing

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Towards Developing Privacy-Preserved Data Security Approach(PP-DSA)in Cloud Computing Environment

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第3期44卷 1881-1895页

作者： S.stewart Kirubakaran V.P.Arunachalam S.Karthik S.K annan Department of Computer Science&Engineering SNS College of TechnologyCoimbatoreTamilnaduIndia School of Computing Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyBhopalMadhya PradheshIndia

In the present scenario of rapid growth in cloud computing models,several companies and users started to share their data on cloud ***,when the model is not completely trusted,the data owners face several security-related problems,such as user privacy breaches,data disclosure,data corruption,and so on,during the process of data *** addressing and handling the security-related issues on Cloud,several models were *** that concern,this paper develops a Privacy-Preserved Data Security Approach(PP-DSA)to provide the data security and data integrity for the out-sourcing data in Cloud *** preservation is ensured in this work with the Efficient Authentication Technique(EAT)using the Group Signature method that is applied with Third-Party Auditor(TPA).The role of the auditor is to secure the data and guarantee shared data ***,the Cloud Service Provider(CSP)and Data User(DU)can also be the attackers that are to be handled with the ***,the major objective of the work is to enhance cloud security and thereby,increase Quality of Service(QoS).The results are evaluated based on the model effectiveness,security,and reliability and show that the proposed model provides better results than existing works.

关键词： Third-party auditor(TPA) efficient auditing technique(EAT) cloud service provider(CSP) data user(DU) data security privacy-preserving cloud computing cloud security

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The Changing Cold Regions Network:Observation,diagnosis and prediction of environmental change in the Saskatchewan and Mackenzie River Basins,Canada

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第1期58卷 46-60页

作者： Chris M DEBEER Howard S WHEATER William L QUINTON Sean K CAREY Ronald E stewart Murray D MACKAY Philip MARSH Global Institute for Water Security University of SaskatchewanNational Hydrology Research Centre Cold Regions Research Centre Wilfrid Laurier University School of Geography and Earth Sciences Mc Master University Department of Environment and Geography University of Manitoba Science and Technology Branch Environment Canada

Climate change is causing rapid and severe changes to many Earth systems and processes,with widespread cryospheric,ecological,and hydrological impacts globally,and especially in high northern *** is of major societal concern and there is an urgent need for improved understanding and predictive tools for environmental *** Changing Cold Regions Network(CCRN)is a Canadian research consortium with a focus to integrate existing and new experimental data with modelling and remote sensing products to understand,diagnose,and predict changing land,water,and climate,and their interactions and feedbacks over the geographic domain of the Mackenzie and Saskatchewan River Basins in *** network operates a set of 14 unique and focused Water,Ecosystem,Cryosphere and Climate(WECC)observatories within this region,which provide opportunities to observe and understand processes and their interaction,as well as develop and test numerical simulation models,and provide validation data for remote sensing *** paper describes this network and its observational,experimental,and modelling *** overview of many of the recent Earth system changes observed across the study region is provided,and some local insights from WECC observatories that may partly explain regional patterns and trends are *** of the model products being developed are discussed,and linkages with the local to international user community are reviewed—In particular,the use of WECC data towards model and remote sensing product calibration and validation is *** future activities and prospects for the network are also presented at the end of the paper.

关键词： climate change cryosphere hydrology atmospheric science ecology modelling Canada

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SEEDING ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE Focusing on the Impact of Children

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城市漫步（上海版、英文） 2016年第6期 68-69页

作者： ANGUS stewart 不详

Our environment and world are precious and vital to our *** in the West,fancy environment-friendly initiatives are all the rage and seen as trendy,other parts of the world need to get back to the *** such as sustainability,reforestation and renovation are just some of the key notions Shanghai Roots and Shoots(SRS)is teaching to local *** China's first foreign non-profit NGO,SRS believes that instilling strong environmental knowledge in children can make all the difference for the future.

关键词： teaching such Focus

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Sugarcane bagasse amendment mitigates nutrient leaching from a mineral soil under tropical conditions

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Pedosphere 2022年第6期32卷 876-883页

作者： Nan XU Jehangir H.BHADHA Abul RABBANY stewart SWANSON James MMCCRAY Yuncong LI Sarah LSTRAUSS Rao MYLAVARAPU Horticultural Sciences Department University of FloridaGainesville FL 32611(USA) Everglades Research and Education Center University of FloridaBelle Glade FL 33430(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesville FL 32611(USA) Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences(IFAS)Extension University of FloridaLaBelle FL 33935(USA) Agronomy Department University of FloridaBelle Glade FL 33430(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaHomestead FL 33031(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaImmokalee FL 34142(USA)

Large quantities of organic by-products are generated by the sugarcane industry during sugar extraction *** by-products may be used as soil amendments to improve soil quality,as nutrient leaching is common in mineral soils of Florida in USA due to their sandy texture and frequent rain events.A soil column study was designed to evaluate the effects of bagasse application at 85 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse,170 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse,and 170 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse+nitrogen(N)on the leaching potential of carbon(C),N,phosphorus(P),and potassium(K).Bagasse was incorporated within the topsoil(0-15 cm)in outdoor soil columns exposed to natural conditions,with periodical irrigation during the *** approximately 57 weeks,the distributions of C,N,P,and K were evaluated at three soil depths(i.e.,0-15,15-30,and 30-53 cm)within the soil *** organic C(TOC),N,and P in leachates decreased significantly from the soils amended with bagasse compared with the control with no bagasse and no *** on K content changes in the columns,bagasse could also be utilized as a potential source of K for ***,application of bagasse as a soil amendment might be an effective way to sustainably reutilize organic by-products while reducing concerns regarding major nutrients entering groundwater *** results of this study could assist in developing nutrient management plans of using sugarcane bagasse as a potential soil amendment in mineral soils.

关键词： nutrient leaching potential nutrient loss pore volume sandy soil soil amendment soil column sugarcane by-product

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Mental Disorders and Associated Factors among Adolescents in Juvenile Detention, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第9期7卷 993-1020页

作者： stewart John Mbelwa Aga Khan University School of Nursing and Midwifery Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Introduction: The number of children and adolescents admitted in Dar es Salaam juvenile centers due to misbehavior and criminal offences has risen from 20 to 30 per month. Increasing aberrant behaviors in children have been linked to mental disorders. Assessment of presence mental health disorders as the main cause of these behaviors would be important to restore mental health of children and assist the system to impose a fair trial. Objective: This study aimed to determine the presence of mental disorders and associated factors among children and adolescents within Dar es Salaam juvenile systems and explore factors that may affect their mental health while in juvenile home. Methods: The mixed research method was used to estimate prevalence of mental disorders by a cross-sectional study and a qualitative method was applied to evaluate mental disorders according to DSM IV TR criteria. Results: The overall prevalence of mental dysfunction by mental status evaluation was 3%: 95% (CI;25.3 - 43.2;n =37 out of 108). The younger age group (13 - 15) years presented with a prevalence of 30%: 95% (CI;14.7 - 44.5) while the older adolescents (16 - 17 years) had a prevalence of 55%: 95% (CI;43.3 - 67.1). Attention deficit disorder was found in some children, some had history of drug and alcohol abuse, with few sexual disorders, depression and brief psychotic reaction and was found to be common among adolescent with unstable family situations such as death of parents, divorce of parents, and single parented children. Conclusion: Findings are suggestive that there is a presence of underlying mental disorders in some of the adolescents in the juvenile detention. Thus mental health screening for children in juvenile homes should be made mandatory in order to identify causes of aberrant behavior as well as provide treatment, prevent complications and maintain mental health of these children. Mental health screening for such children would also assist in conducting a fair trial for t

关键词： Mental Disorders Adolecents and Juvenile Detention

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Field test and probabilistic analysis of irregular steel debris casualty risks from a person-borne improvised explosive device

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第6期17卷 1852-1863页

作者： Piotr W.Sielicki Mark G.stewart Tomasz Gajewski MichałMalendowski Piotr Peksa Hasan Al-Rifaie Robert Studzinski Wojciech Sumelka Institute of Structural Analysis Faculty of Civil and Transport EngineeringPoznan University of Technology5 Maria Skłodowska-Curie Square60-965PoznanPoland Institute of Building Engineering Faculty of Civil and Transport EngineeringPoznan University of Technology5 Maria Skłodowska-Curie Square60-965PoznanPoland Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability The University of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghanNSW2308Australia

Person-borne improvised explosive devices(PBIEDs)are often used in terrorist attacks in Western *** study aims to predict the trajectories of PBIED fragments and the subsequent safety risks for people exposed to this *** explosive field test with a typical PBIED composed of a plastic explosive charge and steel nut enhancements was performed to record initial fragment behaviour,including positions,velocity,and trajectory *** data were used to predict the full trajectory of PBIED fragments using a probabilistic *** the probabilistic analyses a probability of fatality or serious injury was *** on the results presented,many practical conclusions can be drawn,for instance,regarding safe evacuation distances if a person were exposed to a suspected PBIED.

关键词： Flying fragments Human safety Person-borne improvised explosive device experiment Probabilistic analysis

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Intravenous-Accelerated Saline Particles to Unblock Partially Clogged Blood Vessels Using a Microcontroller

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第11期10卷 35-44页

作者： Stephon stewart Dineshen Chuckravanen Idea formulation by Mr. Stephon stewart Los Angeles USA British Association of Cognitive Neuroscience (BACN) Department of Psychology University of Essex Colchester United Kingdom

This research assesses the speed of saline fluid in vein vessels using venipuncture medical kit as well as DC submersive pumps that are being controlled by a microcontroller. The microcontroller is monitored and governed using a software IDE interface installed on a powerful laptop. Saline solution is being pumped through a medical syringe at variable speeds up to a maximum of 18.39 cm/second to the vein. The novel technique in this research is the usage of two pumps called Pump 1 and Pump 2. Pump 1 is used to physically model the flow of “blood” in human vein and the second pump (Pump 2) is used to generate the accelerated saline particles that are used to break the yellow grease that is placed on the inside of the vein’s wall. A tiny brush is briefly dipped into yellow grease, and then it is used to place one layer (one turn) of yellow grease on the inside of the vein’s wall, and then this procedure is repeated to place consecutive layers of yellow grease onto the inside of the wall of the vein vessel using a tiny brush. It was found that accelerated saline particles can in fact destroy fats that are built up inside the veins’ walls.

关键词： Blood Clot Fat Deposits Fat Removals Veins Microcontroller Saline Particles

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Novel Method Employing Accelerated-Oscillated Wave Saline Solutions to Unblock Blood Vessels—Physics and Fluid Dynamics Perspectives and Simulations

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2021年第4期11卷 415-424页

作者： Stephon stewart Dineshen Chuckravanen British Association of Cognitive Neuroscience (BACN) Department of Psychology University of Essex Colchester UK

This research assesses the speed of blood flow across blood vessels and more specifically the veins in terms of Reynold’s number (laminar flow vs. turbulence flow) and in terms of overall speed of the blood when being injected with high-speed saline particles. The authors propose a novel technique to generate accelerated-waved particles built from saline solution to enable the unblocking of partially-blocked healthy-walled veins, and to restore normal operations of these veins. The novel technique encompasses a pump that accelerates saline solutions into the blood stream of the vein and these oscillated waves break down the fats or deposits inside the veins in order to help the blood to flow freely without any obstruction. This research simulated the vein with blood stream using characteristics of the vein in terms of vein diameter, blood density, venous blood flow, and the viscosity of the blood at the normal body temperature. The speed of the overall blood flow after the injection of the accelerated saline droplet solution was determined as well as the depth of penetration of the accelerated particles in order to cleanse the inside of the vein. Results are promising in terms of not altering significantly the overall speed of the bloodstream and also in terms of efficacy of the length of the vein which is being cleaned using this accelerated particle method.

关键词： Arteries Mathematical Models and Simulations Sound-Waved Particle Fluids Unblocking Blood Vessels Veins

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Calculus 2nd ed.

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2004年

作者： James stewart

第2卷目次：和几何空间；向量函数；偏导数；多重积分；向量演算。Thefirsteditionwasintendedtobe***-sizingconceptualunderstandingthroughvisual,numerical,*** 更多... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)7506266253

ISBN: (纸本)7506272423

第2卷目次：和几何空间；向量函数；偏导数；多重积分；向量演算。Thefirsteditionwasintendedtobe***-sizingconceptualunderstandingthroughvisual,numerical,*** 更多...

关键词： Calculus.

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