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Assessment of morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis

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Hepatobiliary surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 154-156页

作者： Burcin Ekser Plamen Mihaylov richard s.Mangus Division of Transplant surgery Department of SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PsC)is a progressive liver disease that causes biliary inflammation,recurrent cholangitis,and liver fibrosis(1).Although there are therapeutic options that temporarily reduce the itching and jaundice caused by PsC,there is currently no effective definitive *** rate of disease progression varies among individuals,but it ultimately leads to end-stage liver disease and necessitates liver transplantation(2).

关键词： Complications liver transplantation outcomes primary sclerosing cholangitis(PsC)

Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of non-resectable liver colorectal cancer: Advancing the therapeutic algorithm

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 154-159页

作者： Badi Rawashdeh richard Bell Abdul Hakeem Raj Prasad Division of Transplant surgery Department of General SurgeryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA Leeds Teaching Hospital LeedsUK

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancerrelated mortality,with nearly half of the affected patients developing liver *** three decades,liver resection(LR)has been the primary curative strategy,yet its applicability is limited to about 20%of *** transplantation(LT)for unresectable metastases was attempted unsuccessfully in the 1990s,with high rates of perioperative death and *** is now more interest in this strategy due to improvements in systemic therapies and surgical techniques.A significant study conducted by the Oslo group showed that patients receiving liver transplants had a 60%chance of survival after five *** better results have been achieved by using advanced imaging for risk stratification and further refining selection criteria,especially in the Norvegian sECA *** review carefully charts the development and history of LT as a treatment option for colorectal cancer liver *** revolutionary path from the early days of exploratory surgery to the current situation of cautious optimism is traced,highlighting the critical clinical developments and improved patient selection standards that have made LT a potentially curative treatment for such challenging very well selected cases.

关键词： Liver transplantation Colorectal cancer liver metastases Non-resectable liver metastases

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混凝土自复位墙结构地震全过程损伤分析

建筑结构学报 2024年第2期45卷 189-204页

作者：鲁懿虬 HENRY richard s 周颖 RODGERs Geoffrey W 杨群顾安琪同济大学土木工程学院上海200092 奥克兰大学土木与环境系新西兰奥克兰1010 坎特伯雷大学土木与自然资源工程系新西兰基督城8140

后张法预应力混凝土自复位墙是一种有效的可恢复功能结构。虽然自复位墙自身在地震中损伤较小,但其与周边构件的变形不协调可使结构损伤严重。为控制结构层面的损伤,设计了1个框架-自复位墙结构,对自复位墙底、梁柱节点、墙梁节点、墙-... 详细信息

后张法预应力混凝土自复位墙是一种有效的可恢复功能结构。虽然自复位墙自身在地震中损伤较小,但其与周边构件的变形不协调可使结构损伤严重。为控制结构层面的损伤,设计了1个框架-自复位墙结构,对自复位墙底、梁柱节点、墙梁节点、墙-基础连接、柱-基础连接以及墙-板连接开展损伤控制设计,并对设计的结构进行足尺振动台试验。结构共经历了39次不同设计工况下不同烈度的地震激励,峰值加速度最大达1.0g,位移角最大达3.3%。对结构在历次地震作用下整体、局部构件和节点的损伤发展进行全过程定量分析,结果表明:自复位墙-开槽梁结构在地震作用下的损伤能够得到有效控制,其中多遇、设防地震作用下结构基本无损伤,罕遇地震作用下墙底损伤仅限角部剥落且面积仅为400 cm2,楼板有开裂且裂缝最大仅为1.2 mm,梁端剥落可忽略;自复位墙-开槽梁结构可使整个结构在不同设计位移角下实现多遇、设防地震不坏,罕遇地震小修甚至不修的抗震性能目标;设计的连接方式解决了结构中构件之间的变形不协调问题,提高了自复位墙结构层面的可修复性。

关键词：自复位墙开槽梁墙板连接振动台试验结构损伤

Genetic pathways in cerebral palsy:a review of the implications for precision diagnosis and understanding disease mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1499-1508页

作者： Yiran Xu Yifei Li seidu A.richard Yanyan sun Changlian Zhu Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center Institute of Neuroscience and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina National Health Council(NHC)Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects PreventionZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina Department of Human Anatomy School of Basic Medicine and Institute of NeuroscienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden

Ce rebral palsy is a diagnostic term utilized to describe a group of permanent disorders affecting movement and *** with cerebral palsy are often only capable of limited activity,resulting from non-progressive disturbances in the fetal or neonatal *** disturbances severely impact the child’s daily life and impose a substantial economic burden on the *** cerebral palsy encompasses various brain injuries leading to similar clinical outcomes,the unde rstanding of its etiological pathways remains incomplete owing to its complexity and *** review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the genetic factors influencing cerebral palsy *** is now widely acknowledged that genetic mutations and alterations play a pivotal role in cerebral palsy development,which can be further influenced by environmental fa *** pite continuous research endeavors,the underlying fa ctors contributing to cerebral palsy remain are still ***,significant progress has been made in genetic research that has markedly enhanced our comprehension of the genetic factors underlying cerebral palsy *** r,these genetic factors have been categorized based on the identified gene mutations in patients through clinical genotyping,including thrombosis,angiogenesis,mitochondrial and oxidative phosphorylation function,neuronal migration,and cellular ***,exploring targeted genotypes holds potential for precision *** conclusion,advancements in genetic research have substantially improved our understanding of the genetic causes underlying cerebral *** breakthroughs have the potential to pave the way for new treatments and therapies,consequently shaping the future of cerebral palsy research and its clinical *** investigation of cerebral palsy genetics holds the potential to significantly advance treatments and management *** elucidating the underlying cellular mechanisms,w

关键词： cerebral palsy environmental factors etiology genetic factors genetic mutation movement disorder spastic diplegia

Physiological and perceptual responses to sprint interval exercise using arm versus leg cycling ergometry

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sports Medicine and Health science 2024年第4期6卷 385-393页

作者： Todd A.Astorino shealin Pierce Madisen B.Piva richard s.Metcalfe Niels B.J.Vollaard Department of Kinesiology CSU—San MarcosSan MarcosCAUSA Applied sports TechnologyExercise and Medicine(A-STEM)Research CenterSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK Faculty of Health sciences and sport University of StirlingStirlingUK

Increases in power output and maximal oxygen consumption(V_O2max)occur in response to sprint interval exercise(sIE),but common use of“all-out”intensities presents a barrier for many ***,lower-body sIE is not feasible for all *** compared physiological and perceptual responses to supramaximal,but“nonall-out”sIE between leg and arm cycling ***-four active adults(mean±sD age:[25±7]y;cycling VO_(2)max:[39±7]mL·kg^(-1)·min^(-1))performed incremental exercise using leg(LCE)and arm cycle ergometry(ACE)to determine VO_(2)max and maximal work capacity(Wmax).subsequently,they performed four 20 s bouts of sIE at 130% Wmax on the LCE or ACE at cadence=120-130 rev/min,with 2 min recovery between *** exchange data,heart rate(HR),blood lactate concentration(BLa),rating of perceived exertion(RPE),and affective valence were *** showed significantly lower(psolute mean([1.24±0.31]L·min^(-1) vs.[1.59±0.34]L·min^(-1);d=1.08)and peak VO_(2)([1.79±0.48]L·min^(-1) vs.[2.10±0.44]L·min^(-1);d=0.70)with ACE versus ***,ACE elicited significantly higher(ps.[57%±7%]VO_(2)max,d=0.63)and peak VO_(2)([88%±10%]VO_(2)max vs.[75%±10%]VO_(2)max,d?1.33).Post-exercise BLa was significantly higher([7.0±1.7]mM vs.[5.7±1.5]mM,p=0.024,d?0.83)for LCE versus *** was no significant effect of modality on RPE or affective valence(p>0.42),and lowest affective valence recorded(2.0±1.8)was considered“good to fairly good”.Data show that non“all-out”ACE elicits lower absolute but higher relative HR and VO_(2) compared to *** aversive perceptual responses could make this non-all-out modality feasible for inactive adults.

关键词： High intensity interval training Upper body exercise Peak power output Oxygen uptake Blood lactate concentration

Remote electric powering by germanium photovoltaic conversion of an Erbium-fiber laser beam

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Chip 2024年第3期3卷 15-20页

作者： richard soref Francesco De Leonardis Oussama Moutanabbir Gerard Daligou Engineering Department University of Massachusetts at BostonBostonMA 02125USA Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Politecnico di BariBari 70121-70132Italy Department of Engineering Physics Ecole Polytechnique de MontrealMontrealQuebec 999040Canada

The commercially available 4000-Watt continuous-wave(CW)Erbium-doped-fiber laser,emitting at the 1567-nm wavelength where the atmosphere has high transmission,provides an opportunity for harvesting electric power at remote“off the grid”locations using a multi-module photovoltaic(PV)“receiver”*** paper proposes a 32-element monocrystalline thick-layer Germanium PV panel for efficient harvesting of a collimated 1.13-m-diam *** 0.78-m^(2) PV panel is constructed from commercial Ge *** incident CW laser-beam power in the 4000 to 10,000 W range,our thermal,electrical,and infrared simulations predict 660 to 1510 Watts of electrical output at the panel temperatures of 350 to 423 K.

关键词： Laser power transmission Photovoltaic panels Germa-nium infrared detection Erbiumﬁber laser Ytterbiumﬁber laser Directed-beam energy harvesting

Autolysosomal acidification impairment as a mediator for TNFR1 induced neuronal necroptosis in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1869-1870页

作者： Evridiki Asimakidou richard Reynolds Anna M.Barron Chih Hung Lo Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Department of Brain sciences Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK Lee Kong Chian school of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Neuronal necroptosis-an emerging form of regulated cell death associated with neuroinflammatory signaling:Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is characterized by the presence of extracellular amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and intracellular tau neurofibrillary tangles as well as progressive neuronal *** evidence has suggested that prolonged neuroinflammation with increased levels of cytokines,arising from neuronal injury,innate immune responses from glial cells,and peripheral inflammation,leads to neuronal death and AD progression.

关键词： Alzheimer death tau Aβ

Using clinical cases to guide healthcare

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第9期12卷 1555-1559页

作者： Michael Colwill samantha Baillie richard Pollok Andrew Poullis Department of Gastroenterology St George's University Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondon SW170QTUnited Kingdom

Evidence-based practice(EBP)has been the gold standard in healthcare for nearly three centuries and aims to assist physicians in providing the safest and most effective healthcare for their *** well-established hierarchy of evidence lists systematic reviews and meta-analyses at the top however these methodologies are not always appropriate or possible and in these instances case-control studies,case series and case reports are utilised to support ***-control studies allow simultaneous study of multiple risk factors and can be performed rapidly and relatively cheaply.A recent example was during the Coronavirus pandemic where case-control studies were used to assess the efficacy of personal protective equipment for healthcare *** series and case reports also play a role in EBP and are particularly useful to study rare diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease in transgender and gender non-conforming *** are also vital in generating and disseminating early signals and encouraging further *** these methodologies have weaknesses,particularly with regards to bias and loss of patient confidentiality for rare pathologies,they have an important part to play in EBP and when appropriately utilised can significantly impact upon clinical practice.

关键词： Evidence based medicine Hierarchy of evidence Case reports Case series

Wildfire severity alters soil microbial exoenzyme production and fungal abundances in the southern Appalachian Mountains

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： Megan L.sCHILL richard BAIRD shawn P.BROWN Allison M.VEACH Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at San Antonio Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University Department of Biological sciences The University of Memphis

Climate change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased temperatures globally. This effect has, and will continue,to increase fire occurrence across many regions of North America. In the southern Appalachian Mountains, wildfires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increased drought and human activity. To investigate the effects of burn severity on soil physicochemical properties, microbial extracellular enzyme production, and microbial abundances in a temperate region, surface soils (0–15 cm) were collected from two sites (the Great smoky Mountains National Park in Tennessee and the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina, UsA) spanning lightly, moderately, and severely burned areas, accompanied by adjacent unburned locations that act as controls. The soil samples were collected at three time points between 2017 and 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2.5 years post-fire)among burn severity plots. Total hydrolytic enzyme production varied over time, with severe burn plots having significantly lower enzyme production at 2.5years post-fire. Individual enzymes varied among burn severities and across time post-fire. Light burn plots showed greater carbon-specific (β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase) and phosphorus-specific (acid phosphatase) enzyme activities at 0.5 years post-fire, but this effect was transient. At 2.5 years post-fire, theβ-xylosidase and acid phosphatase activities were lower in severe or moderate burn plots relative to the controls. In contrast, the activity of nitrogen-specific enzyme leucyl aminopeptidase was the lowest in severe burn plots at 0.5 years post-fire, but was the lowest in light burn plots at 2.5 years post-fire. The fungi:bacteria ratio declined with burn severity, indicating that fungi are sensitive or less resilient to high burn severity during recovery. These results suggest that wildfires alter trajectories for soil microbial structure and function within a 2.5-year timeframe, which potentially

关键词： 16s rRNA burn severity extracellular enzyme fungi:bacteria ratio internal transcribed spacer microbial structure