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Weight Loss and Improved Metabolic Health Measures Using a One-Week Active Nutrition j.mpstart Program in Overweight and Obese Men and Women

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Health 2023年第6期15卷 640-653页

作者： richard j. bloomer j.cquelyn Pence Allyson Davis Michelle Stockton Center for Nutraceutical and Dietary Supplement Research College of Health Sciences University of Memphis Memphis TN USA

Background: The prevalence of individuals who are obese or overweight is an increasing global epidemic that is associated with a multitude of adverse health conditions. Multiple strategies are available to promote weight loss in these populations, including the use of caloric restriction and/or liquid diets. We determined the impact of a low-calorie, nutrient-dense, primarily liquid diet on body weight and associated measures of metabolic health in overweight and obese men and women. Methods: Twenty-six men and women (age: 42.6 ± 10.8) completed a seven-day intervention using the USANA Active Nutrition j.mpstart program, which consisted of consuming three meal replacement shakes and three to four servings of fruits and vegetables, along with a probiotic, three metabolism supplements, and two vitamin packs each day. Pre-post measurements included body composition—determined (via DXA), fasting levels of lipids and glucose in heparinized whole blood, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, heart rate, and blood pressure. Subj.ctive mood and hunger were also assessed. Results: The dietary program was well-tolerated, and the intervention resulted in a mean weight loss of approximately 4.5 pounds. Clinically relevant reductions were noted in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol (total and LDL), and glucose. In addition, there were favorable changes in self-esteem, energy, motivation, and physical appearance. Conclusion: A one-week period of adherence to the Active Nutrition j.mpstart program positively impacted subj.ctive feelings, while resulting in significant weight loss and other health benefits that may have clinical relevance. Longer-term interventions are needed to sustain these initial results.

关键词： Weight Loss Supplement Fiber Caloric Restriction

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Chronic Marij.ana Smoking Does Not Negatively Impact Select Blood Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Young, Physically Active Men and Women

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Health 2018年第7期10卷 960-970页

作者： richard j. bloomer Matthew Butawan Nicholas j. G. Smith School of Health Studies University of Memphis Memphis TN USA

Background: The smoking of Cannabis sativa, the marij.ana plant, is increasing in popularity among young adults, even those who may be engaged in regular exercise (i.e., athletes). Research has shown the plant to have antioxidant and analgesic properties, but the effects on oxidative stress are conflicting. The purpose of this study was to measure blood oxidative stress and cardio-metabolic parameters in physically active men and women who regularly smoke marij.ana. Methods: A total of 43 marij.ana smokers (23 ± 4 years) and 22 non-smokers (24 ± 7 years), who did not smoke tobacco products, participated in this study. Both smokers and non-smokers engaged in regularly exercise, totaling several hours per week (6.4 ± 4.0 and 6.8 ± 4.4, respectively). Smokers reported using marij.ana frequently during the week (4.5 ± 2.3 sessions) for a minimum of three consecutive months prior to participating in the study. Blood samples were collected from participants following a 12-hour fast (all food, drink [except water] and smoking) and analyzed for malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Heart rate and blood pressure was also measured and recorded. Results: No differences of statistical significance were noted for any variable (p > 0.05), with very similar values noted between smokers and non-smokers. Conclusions: In a sample of young, physically active men and women, regular marij.ana smoking is not associated with untoward effects on select biomarkers of oxidative stress and cardio-metabolic health. These findings do not suggest that marij.ana smoking can be done without harm, as limitations of this study need to be considered.

关键词： Marij.ana Cannabis Oxidative Stress Lipid Peroxidation Protein Oxidative

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Beyond Nutrition Recommendations: What Healthcare Professionals Should Know about Dietary Supplements to Best Serve Their Patients

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Health 2021年第4期13卷 334-346页

作者： j.cquelyn C. Pence Keith R. Martin richard j. bloomer Center for Nutraceutical and Dietary Supplement Research College of Health Sciences University of Memphis Memphis TN USA

Although whole food nutrition will likely influence physical health more than any other lifestyle component besides exercise, the use of dietary supplements among men and women continues to be high. Due to this fact, it is imperative that healthcare professionals understand how supplements may impact overall health and wellness of their patients. With the maj.rity of adults taking some form of dietary supplements and many concomitantly taking prescription medications, healthcare providers should be conscientious of adverse effects and interactions that may occur between dietary supplements and prescription drugs. As many consumers are misled by false marketing, healthcare providers should encourage them to be wary of exaggerated claims and direct them to products that are scientifically supported and safe. Continuing education for healthcare providers on dietary supplements is crucial, with new dietary supplement products constantly reaching the markets, in addition to new findings being made through clinical research and case studies. While some dietary supplements provide no meaningful benefit, many dietary supplements have been identified that can be used to ameliorate nutritional deficiencies and reduce the risk of some common health conditions. Others can serve to improve mental and physical performance, while truly enhancing health. This article presents relevant information on dietary supplements that will be useful to the healthcare professional.

关键词： Dietary Supplements Nutraceuticals Healthcare Professionals Adverse Events

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Use of a Standing Desk Increases Energy Expenditure in Obese but Not Normal Weight Subj.cts

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Health 2018年第7期10卷 949-959页

作者： Nicholas j. G. Smith Matt Butawan j.de Caldwell richard j. bloomer Cardiorespiratory/Metabolic Laboratory School of Health Studies University of Memphis Memphis TN USA

Background: The use of standing desks has been associated with greater metabolic cost as compared to traditional seated desks. However, it is unclear as to the metabolic impact of standing desks in normal weight versus obese men and women. Methods: We compared the metabolic cost of using a standing and seated desk in 14 obese and 19 normal weight men and women. Subj.cts reported to the lab on a single occasion and participated in two, 30-minute sessions of standing and seated desk work (i.e., typing), in random order. Expired gases were collected during the 2-hour period and calorie expenditure was estimated using indirect calorimetry. Results: We noted a significant (p = 0.013) increase in energy expenditure of 7.4 kcal•30 minutes−1 (+14.7%) during standing as compared to seated for the obese group. No significant difference in energy expenditure was noted for the normal weight group (p = 0.674). A condition effect was noted for heart rate and diastolic blood pressure, with standing being significantly higher than seated for both variables (p 0.05). Conclusion: The use of a standing desk modestly increases energy expenditure in obese subj.cts but does not have the same effect in those of normal weight. It is unknown whether the increased energy expenditure would be maintained over time in the obese subj.cts/individuals, as they may adapt to the standing position. Moreover, if normal weight individuals choose a standing desk, they should do so for reasons unrelated to increased energy expenditure (e.g., improved spine health, greater feeling of productivity).

关键词： Metabolic Rate Standing Desk Energy Expenditure Workplace

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Impact of a Dietary Supplement Containing Rosemary and Daylily on Biochemical Markers of Cognitive Health, Sleep Quality and Related Variables in Men and Women

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Health 2016年第13期8卷 1307-1322页

作者： richard j. bloomer j.hn j. MacDonnchadh Ryan G. Moran j.di Quilici Timmcke Bolin Qin Cardiorespiratory/Metabolic Laboratory School of Health Studies University of Memphis Memphis TN USA IN-Ingredients Columbia TN USA Department of Radiation Oncology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA

Background: We investigated the influence of a botanical agent to improve sleep quality and associated measures in men and women with self-reported difficulty sleeping. Methods: 32 individuals were randomly assigned in double blind manner to ingest a botanical agent (CLOCK?, containing Rosemary [Rosmarinus officinalis] and Daylily [Hemerocallis fulva]) or a placebo over a 6-week intervention. During weeks 1 and 2, subj.cts ingested one serving of the assigned condition, followed by a two-week washout. During weeks 5 and 6, subj.cts ingested two servings of the condition. The Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire was used as an outcome measure, as were subj.ctive measures of sleep quality, energy level, and mood. Blood samples collected pre- and post-intervention were assayed for acetylcholine (ACH), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), irisin, and melatonin. Results: No differences were noted between conditions in measures of sleep (p > 0.05). While no differences of statistical significance were noted in subj.ctive feelings, during weeks 5 and 6 as compared to baseline, subj.cts assigned to the supplement noted an 8% increase in attentiveness, an 11% increase in alertness, a 12% increase in focus, a 14% increase in feeling energetic, a 12% increase in enthusiasm, a 23% increase in feeling well rested, an 11% decrease in feeling sluggish, and a 16% decrease in feeling depressed, without the same improvement observed for subj.cts in the placebo group. All biochemical measures were increased from pre- to post-treatment with two servings of the supplement;the largest percent increase noted for BDNF (27%) and the largest effect size noted for irisin (d = 1.36). Biochemical values for the placebo condition were unchanged. Conclusions: CLOCK? may have an impact on certain measurements of mood, with a significant impact on the biochemical marker, BDNF. Future studies using a larger sample size and perhaps a cross-over design may help to further clarify the impact of th

关键词： Rosemary Daylily Sleep Mood BDNF irisin

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Diabetes Mellitus Predicts Occurrence of Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Cancer in Alcoholic Liver and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases

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j.urnal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2015年第1期3卷 9-16页

作者： Evan j.Raff Donny Kakati j.seph R.bloomer Mohamed Shoreibah Khalid Rasheed Ashwani K.Singal Department of Internal Medicine UAB Birmingham AL USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology UAB BirminghamAL USA Department of Internal Medicine UAB Montgomery Program Huntsville AL USA

Background and Aims:Alcohol abuse and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are common causes of liver *** mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity among NAFLD *** performed this study with the specific aim to examine the impact of DM on progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) liver and ***:Medical charts of 480 patients with ALD or NAFLD (2004-2011) managed at a tertiary center were retrospectively *** was diagnosed based on exclusion of other causes of liver disease and alcohol use of 40 g/d in women or >60 g/d in men for >***:Of 480 patients (307 NAFLD),200 diabetics differed from nondiabetics for:age (52±11 vs.49±11 years;p=0.004);male gender (48% vs.57%;p=0.03);metabolic syndrome (49% vs.30%;p=0.0002);NAFLD (80% vs.56%;p<0.0001);cirrhosis (70% vs.59%;p=0.005);and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC;8% vs.3%;p=0.009).Over a 3 year median follow-up period,diabetics relative to nondiabetics had a higher probability to develop cirrhosis (60% vs.41%;p=0.022) and HCC (27% vs.10%;p=0.045).There was a trend for increased development of hepatic encephalopathy in diabetics compared to nondiabetics (55% vs.39%;p=0.053),and there was no difference between the two groups in survival or other liver disease ***:DM increased risk for cirrhosis and HCC among patients with ALD and *** studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to examine the impact of DM on survival and the role of aggressive HCC screening in diabetic cirrhotics.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Steatohepatitis Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Alcoholic cirrhosis

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红细胞生成性原卟啉症中肝脏疾病的分子学研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 54-55页

作者： bloomer j.Singhal A Risheg H 赵丽娜 UAB Liver Center MCLM 281 University of Alabama at Birmingham 1918 University Blvd. Birmingham AL 35294-0005 United States.Dr

Goals: The goal of this study was to define molecular determinants of liver di sease in erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP).Background: EPP is a genetic disord er in which deficient ferrochelatase activity causes excessive production of pro toporphyrin,which is excreted in bile. Some patients develop liver disease that necessitates transplantation. Study: Ferrochelatase gene analysis was done in 25 families with EPP to identify mutations and a polymorphism(IVS3-48c) that caus es low gene expression. Expression of multiple hepatic genes was also examined b y DNA microarray analysis in patients who had liver transplantation to identify genes with altered ***: Heterozygous ferrochelatase mutations wer e found in 43 individuals. In 94%of 31 symptomatic patients, 15 of whom had liv er disease, the polymorphism was also present in the nonmutant allele. Explanted liver of patients who had transplantation showed significant change in expressi on of several genes involved in wound healing, organic anion transport, and oxid ative stress. Conclusions: Patients with EPP who develop liver disease usually h ave amutation in one ferrochelatase allele that alters enzyme function, together with a polymorphism in the nonmutant allele that causes low gene expression. Th is results in significant increase in the hepatobiliary excretion of protoporphy rin, which can dam- age the liver through both cholestatic inj.ry and oxidative stress.

关键词：肝脏疾病分子学亚铁原卟啉肝脏移植手术移植遗传性疾病肝胆管氧化应激胆汁淤积多态性

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