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Recent Developments in Metallic Degradable Micromotors for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications

Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 1-35页

作者： Sourav Dutta Seungmin Noh Roger Sanchis Gual Xiangzhong Chen Salvador Pané bradley J.Nelson Hongsoo Choi Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea DGIST‑ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGISTDaegu 42988Republic of Korea Multi‑Scale Robotics Lab Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and TechnologyShanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China

Synthetic micromotor has gained substantial attention in biomedicine and environmental ***-based degradable micromotor composed of magnesium(Mg),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)have promise due to their nontoxic fuel-free propulsion,favorable biocompatibility,and safe excretion of degradation products Recent advances in degradable metallic micromotor have shown their fast movement in complex biological media,efficient cargo delivery and favorable biocompatibility.A noteworthy number of degradable metal-based micromotors employ bubble propulsion,utilizing water as fuel to generate hydrogen *** novel feature has projected degradable metallic micromotors for active in vivo drug delivery *** addition,understanding the degradation mechanism of these micromotors is also a key parameter for their design and *** propulsion efficiency and life span govern the overall performance of a degradable metallic *** we review the design and recent advancements of metallic degradable ***,we describe the controlled degradation,efficient in vivo drug delivery,and built-in acid neutralization capabilities of degradable micromotors with versatile biomedical ***,we discuss micromotors’efficacy in detecting and destroying environmental ***,we address the limitations and future research directions of degradable metallic micromotors.

关键词： Magnesium Zinc Iron Biodegradable microrobot Biomedical Environmental

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Influence of previous plane of nutrition on molecular mechanisms regulating the expression of urea and water metabolism related genes in the rumen and kidney of finishing crossbred Angus steers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 232-243页

作者： Aghata E.Moreira da Silva Arturo Macias Franco bradley S.Ferguson Mozart A.Fonseca College of Agriculture Biotechnology&Natural Resources University of Nevada Department of Animal and Range Sciences Clayton Livestock Research Center New Mexico State University

This study aimed to understand how molecular mechanisms controlling water and urea metabolism at the finishing phase can be affected by previous plane of nutrition of crossbred Angus beef steers. Twentyfour(n = 24) animals were randomly distributed into either a moderate(MP) or high plane of nutrition during the background phase for 85 d. Animals were then blocked by their previous plane and were moved onto a 105-d finishing phase in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The forage-finished group received only high-quality alfalfa hay, whereas the grain-fed group received a high grain diet(80% whole corn and20% alfalfa hay). By the end of the finishing phase, animals were harvested and tissue samples from the rumen and kidney were collected. Changes in gene expression of aquaporins(AQP)-2,-3,-4,-7, ATP1A1,ATP1B1, SGK1, CLIC1(kidney and rumen), UT-A1(kidney only) and UT-B(rumen only), were assayed via real-time q PCR; 18S r RNA was used as an endogenous control. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc analysis was conducted. When animals were from MP, forage-finishing increased the relative abundance of AQP3(P ≤ 0.05), AQP7(P ≤ 0.05), ATP1B1(P ≤ 0.05), and SGK1(P ≤ 0.05) in the kidney when compared to grain-fed animals. In the rumen, for the MP group, AQP7 was differentially expressed in both treatments at the finishing phase(P ≤ 0.01), with forage-finished steers having the highest expression of AQP7. For the MP group, UT-B had a tendency of presenting a higher expression on grainfed animals(P = 0.075). Overall, these results suggest that previous plane can impact expression of genes associated with water and urea metabolism during the finishing phase, namely AQP3, AQP7, ATP1B1, and SGK1 in the kidney, and AQP7 and UT-B in the rumen. The greatest impact observed on gene expression changes of investigated genes at the finishing phase was reflective of animals backgrounded on the moderate previous plane.

关键词： Gene expression Aquaporin Sodium channel Urea transporter

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Spreadability of powders for additive manufacturing:A critical review of metrics and characterisation methods

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 211-234页

作者： Fatemeh A.Talebi Zobaideh Haydari Hamid Salehi Mozhdeh Mehrabi Jabbar Gardy Mike bradley Andrew E.Bayly Ali Hassanpour School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK School of Engineering University of GreenwichGreenwichME44TBUK Cormica Limited Listerhills Science ParkCampus RoadBradfordBD71HRUK

Powder bed fusion methods of additive manufacturing (AM) require consistent, reproducible, and uniform layers of powder for the reliable production of high-quality parts, where properties of powder are central to achieving this. Among these properties, powder flowability and spreadability play critical roles in determining the quality of these powder *** extensive research has been conducted on powder flow and spreading behaviour, and on their characterisation, there is little critical comparison and review of these terms in the context of AM. Such a review is necessary to further develop and enhance our comprehension of spreading dynamics and its relation to powder properties in AM *** review paper aims to build a coherent understanding of the correlation between powder characteristics and spreading in powder based additive manufacturing and its impact on manufactured parts. It highlights the current progress in comprehending spreading dynamics, the influence of powder characteristics, environmental conditions, spreading system, and the development of testing tools to assess powder spreadability. Furthermore, the paper critically discusses the challenge of finding appropriate quantitative metrics and recent advances in the use of standardised methods for evaluating powder spreadability.

关键词： Powder spreading Powder flowability Powder properties Quality of layer and final products

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哈佛，谁说了算

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作者： (美)理查德·布瑞德利(richard bradley)

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微观仿真在城市停车设施规划中的应用

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城市交通 2010年第5期8卷 89-94页

作者： Pete Sykes Falco De Jong richard bradley Gerard Jennings Greig McDonnell 胡树成英国SIAS公司荷兰Grontmij BV公司英国ANSA公司英国MicroNet公司新西兰北岸市政厅

为研究停车场规划和可达性对城市路网的影响,在世界范围内的三个不同城市应用微观仿真模型模拟停车设施规划。描述了三个城市采用的不同研究方法及得到的研究结果。三项研究都试图找到由驾驶人寻找停车位而造成的城市交通拥堵的解决方... 详细信息

为研究停车场规划和可达性对城市路网的影响,在世界范围内的三个不同城市应用微观仿真模型模拟停车设施规划。描述了三个城市采用的不同研究方法及得到的研究结果。三项研究都试图找到由驾驶人寻找停车位而造成的城市交通拥堵的解决方法。同时,在测试设计方案时,都使用了S-Paramics微观仿真模型。

关键词：交通模型微观仿真矩阵细化停车场规划

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Surgeon preferences in the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 435-443页

作者： Edward J Wu bradley W Fossum Wyatt Vander Voort Christopher O Bayne Robert M Szabo Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN 55455United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UC Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCA 95817United States

BACKGROUND Primary thumb carpometacarpal(CMC)osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions encountered by hand *** the vast number of operations that have been proposed,none have demonstrated results significantly superior to trapeziectomy *** The purpose of our study was to determine why surgeons opt for their technique in treating CMC *** A cross-sectional survey of active members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand was conducted to evaluate the reasons behind their preferred technique in the treatment of isolated thumb CMC *** were contacted by email once and provided with a link to a de-identified survey consisting of 5 treatment questions and 5 demographic *** Of 950 responses were received.40.5%of surgeons preferred trapeziectomy+ligament reconstruction tendon interposition(LRTI),followed by trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty(28.2%),suture button suspension(5.9%),trapeziectomy alone(4.6%),prosthetic arthroplasty(3.2%),arthrodesis(1.1%),and other(6.6%).Proponents of trapeziectomy+LRTI cited familiarity(73.2%),exposure during fellowship(48.8%)and less proximal migration(60%)to be the main reasons affecting their *** who preferred trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty most reported simplicity(74.9%),fewer complications(45.3%),less proximal migration(43.8%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(42.7%).Advocates of suture button suspension cited avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(80.4%),shorter immobilization(76.8%),and quicker recovery(73.2%)with their *** of trapeziectomy alone cited simplicity(97.7%),fewer complications(86.4%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(59.1%).In their comments,45%of surgeons choosing trapeziectomy alone cited evidence as an additional *** of prosthetic arthroplasty cited improved pinch strength(83.3%)and improved range of motion(63.3%),while those preferring arthrodesis cited better pinch strength(90%)and freque

关键词： Thumb carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis Trapeziectomy Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition Suspensionplasty Preferences Trends

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基于丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯共聚物交联剂的壳聚糖水凝胶的生物相容性研究

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材料导报 2024年第12期38卷 234-243页

作者：杨水艳盛扬孙一新蔡仁钦 Mark bradley 张嵘常州大学材料科学与工程学院江苏常州213164 大博医疗科技有限公司基础研究院福建厦门361026 英国爱丁堡大学化学学院英国爱丁堡EH93JJ

壳聚糖作为一种天然的氨基多糖,拥有良好的生物相容性和资源可再生性,但是较差的力学性能限制了其更广泛的应用。本研究以丙烯酸、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯为单体聚合得到三元共聚物大分子交联剂,然后将其与壳聚糖溶液... 详细信息

壳聚糖作为一种天然的氨基多糖,拥有良好的生物相容性和资源可再生性,但是较差的力学性能限制了其更广泛的应用。本研究以丙烯酸、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯为单体聚合得到三元共聚物大分子交联剂,然后将其与壳聚糖溶液混合后制备壳聚糖水凝胶。采用红外、热重、SEM等对合成的聚合物及壳聚糖凝胶的组成、形貌和热稳定性进行了表征。结果表明,丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯共聚物的数均分子量为111900,具有一定的水溶性,与壳聚糖形成的水凝胶有良好的力学性能、溶胀性能和水蒸气渗透速率。在PBS(pH=7.4)中交联的凝胶膜与酸性条件下制备的凝胶膜相比,热分解温度提高,水接触角变大,力学性能得到较大提升。细胞毒性实验表明壳聚糖凝胶有良好的生物相容性,人脂肪干细胞在壳聚糖凝胶膜上会形成细胞簇并分泌外泌体。将壳聚糖凝胶膜覆盖在脂肪干细胞上,细胞能正常生长并分泌外泌体。因此,壳聚糖凝胶具有负载外泌体后应用于皮肤敷料的潜力。

关键词：壳聚糖丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯水凝胶外泌体

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Post-operative protein supplementation following orthopaedic surgery: A systematic review

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第1期6卷 16-24页

作者： Andrew George Brendan M.Holderread bradley S.Lambert Joshua D.Harris Patrick C.McCulloch Houston Methodist Orthopedics and Sports Medicine 6445 Main Street Suite 2300HoustonTX77030USA Houston Methodist Orthopedic Biomechanics Research Laboratory 6670 Bertner AveHoustonTX77030USA

Decreased mechanical loading after orthopaedic surgery predisposes patients to develop muscle *** purpose of this review was to assess whether the evidence supports oral protein supplementation can help decrease postoperative muscle atrophy and/or improve patient outcomes following orthopaedic surgery.A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalysis(PRISMA).PubMed(MEDLINE),Embase,Scopus,and Web of Science were searched for randomized controlled trials that assessed protein or amino acid supplementation in patients undergoing orthopaedic *** investigators independently conducted the search using relevant Boolean *** outcomes included functional or physiologic measures of muscle atrophy or *** studies including 611 patients(224 males,387 females)were *** studies evaluated protein supplementation after ACL reconstruction(ACLR),3 after total hip arthroplasty(THA),5 after total knee arthroplasty(TKA),and 3 after surgical treatment of hip *** supplementation showed beneficial effects across all types of *** primary benefit was a decrease in muscle atrophy compared to placebo as measured by muscle cross sectional *** authors also demonstrated improved functional measures and quicker achievement of rehabilitation *** supplementation has beneficial effects on mitigating muscle atrophy in the postoperative period following ACLR,THA,TKA,and surgical treatment of hip *** effects often correlate with improved functional measures and quicker achievement of rehabilitation *** research is needed to evaluate long-term effects of protein supplementation and to establish standardized population-specific regimens that maximize treatment efficacy in the postoperative period.

关键词： Orthopaedic surgery Protein supplementation Systematic review Muscle atrophy

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Long-term olfactory loss post-COVID-19:Pathobiology and potential therapeutic strategies

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 148-155页

作者： Sarah Kim John B.Finlay Tiffany Ko bradley J.Goldstein Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Medical Scientist Training Program Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Neurobiology Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

An acute loss of smell emerged as a striking symptom present in roughly half of the people infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus in the early phases of the COVID-19 *** most COVID-19 patients,olfaction recovers over the course of a few ***,a lasting partial or complete loss of smell,often associated with distorted olfactory perceptions termed parosmia,has emerged as a widespread problem impacting at least 5%-10%of those who experience anosmia due to *** inability to offer effective therapies to this hyposmic or anosmic population,comprising millions of patients,highlights an enormous unmet need for the medical ***,we summarize the current understanding of the pathobiology causing acute olfactory loss due to SARS-CoV-2 infection,focusing on how the virus interacts with the peripheral olfactory system,a major site of viral *** also explore the problem of long-COVID olfactory dysfunction,which may accompany other persistent systemic disorders collectively termed postacute sequelae of ***,we discuss an emerging model focused on unresolved immune cell activity driving ongoing ***,we review current and future therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring olfactory function.

关键词： hyposmia inflammation long-COVID parosmia

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Linking uplift and mineralisation at the Mount Novit Zn-Pb-Ag Deposit,Northern Australia:Evidence from geology,U-Pb geochronology and sphalerite geochemistry

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 333-350页

作者： bradley Cave William Perkins richard Lilly Department of Earth Sciences University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia Geological Survey of Queensland BrisbaneQLDAustralia

The subeconomic Mount Novit Zn-Pb-Ag deposit is located approximately 20 km south of Mount Isa,*** contrast to the nearby Mount Isa,Hilton and George Fisher Zn-Pb-Ag deposits,mineralisation at Mount Novit is situated to the west of the regional-scale Mount Isa Fault and is hosted in the Moondarra Siltstone as opposed to the Urquhart ***-grade(10 wt.%Zn+Pb)mineralisation occurs as a matrix supported breccia dominated by sphalerite and pyrrhotite with galena,pyrite,and ***-situ U-Pb geochronology was completed on apatite and two textural varieties of ***-grained(10 ppm),possibly reflecting the leaching of the metals from an underlying basement *** GGIMFis geothermometer(Frenzel et al.,2016)produced a mean formation temperature of 345±52℃.The timing and temperature of Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation is consistent with the age and cooling temperature of apatite presented in this *** on these correlations,we

关键词： Mount Isa Mount Novit Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation Monazite Apatite Geochronology

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