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Physiological and Growth Responses of C_3 and C_4 Plants to Reduced Temperature When Grown at Low CO_2 of the Last Ice Age

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1388-1395页

作者： Joy K.Ward David A.Myers richard B.thomas Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Kansas Department of Biology West Virginia University

During the last ice age, CO2 concentration （[CO2]） was 180-200 umol/mol compared with the modern value of 380 umol/mol, and global temperatures were -8 ℃ cooler. Relatively little is known about the responses of C3 and C4 species to longterm exposure to glacial conditions. Here Abutilon theophrasti Medik. （C3） and Amaranthus retroflexus L. （C4） were grown at 200 umol/mol CO2 with current （30/24℃） and glacial （22/16℃） temperatures for 22d. Overall, the C4 species exhibited a large growth advantage over the C3 species at low [CO2]. However, this advantage was reduced at low temperature, where the C4 species produced 5x the total mass of the C3 species versus 14x at the high temperature. This difference was due to a reduction in C4 growth at low temperature, since the C3 species exhibited similar growth between temperatures. Physiological differences between temperatures were not detected for either species, although photorespiration/net photosynthesis was reduced in the C3 species grown at low temperature, suggesting evidence of improved carbon balance at this treatment. This system suggests that C4 species had a growth advantage over C3 species during low [CO2] of the last ice age, although concurrent reductions in temperatures may have reduced this advantage.

关键词： Abutilon theophrasti Amaranthus retroflexus C3 species C4 species climate change low CO2 low temperature photorespiration Pleistocene.

Response to Goldstein et al.(2022)Humanitarian action in academic institutions:a case study in the ethical stewardship of unidentified forensic cases

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 826-829页

作者： Nicholas Passalacqua Brian Spatola richard thomas Department of Anthropology Western Carolina UniversityCullowheeNCUSA National Museum of Health and Medicine Silver SpringMDUSA Anthropology Unit Federal Bureau of InvestigationQuanticoVAUSA

Dear editor,In opening,we want to thank Goldstein et al.[1]and acknowledge their hard work and dedication to the practice of forensic anthropology and to their work identifying unknown *** agree wholeheartedly that there is a long-standing need for innovative and collaborative approaches to unidentified,cold-case investigations and their article is an important contribution to that literature[2-6].

关键词： al. thank editor

2011:Annus horribilis for African Elephants

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ChinAfrica 2012年第2期4卷 28-29页

作者： richard thomas TRAFFIC International

TRAFFIC warns that 2011 has seen a record number of large ivory seizures globally.

关键词： In Annus horribilis for African Elephants

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口译中的浪漫主义价值观

口译中的浪漫主义价值观

作者： Gordon-Martins richard Michel thomas 成都理工大学

学位级别：硕士

有关口译员角色的文献表明,口译守则将口译员的角色简化为机器的角色,没有考虑到口译场合的背景(如文化、宗教等)和环境(战区、教堂、医院等),从而阻碍了口译员提供最佳的翻译、以道德方式行事和自由表达其人性类特征的能力。回顾了口... 详细信息

有关口译员角色的文献表明,口译守则将口译员的角色简化为机器的角色,没有考虑到口译场合的背景(如文化、宗教等)和环境(战区、教堂、医院等),从而阻碍了口译员提供最佳的翻译、以道德方式行事和自由表达其人性类特征的能力。回顾了口译员的历史角色,以及在不同环境和背景下的口译场合。结果显示,仅仅强调准确、快速、中立和公正等品质,而拒绝或忽略其他品质,如想象力、美感(审美)、情感和情绪等,口译守则和口译教学方式并不包括不同口译环境的多样性和复杂性,也不包括口译员的人性类品质和他们必须承担的角色。将想象力、美感(审美)、自由、情感和情绪等浪漫主义价值观运用到口译实践中,可以提高演讲的感染力,为口译员在不同情况下充分发挥自身的人性特点、道德行为和做出最佳决定留下空间。在今后的口译规范和课堂教学中,应实施对这些价值观的介绍和推广。

关键词：浪漫主义价值观口译守则教育角色

Bound and Resonating Multiquark Configurations

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第8期41卷 8-12页

作者： Jean-Marc richard Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon Université Claude Bernard(Lyon 1) CNRS-IN2P34 rue Enrico Fermi69622 VilleurbanneFrance

We review the predictions of quark models for multiquark configurations that are bound or resonant states,and compare different methods for estimating the properties of resonances.

关键词： quark Configuration resonant

RecBERT:Semantic recommendation engine with large language model enhanced query segmentation for k-nearest neighbors ranking retrieval

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2024年第1期5卷 42-52页

作者： richard Wu the Dublin Unified School District and the SF Artificial Intelligence Club DublinCA 94568USA

The increasing amount of user traffic on Internet discussion forums has led to a huge amount of unstructured natural language data in the form of user *** modern recommendation systems rely on manual tagging,relying on administrators to label the features of a class,or story,which a user comment corresponds *** common approach is to use pre-trained word embeddings to compare class descriptions for textual similarity,then use a distance metric such as cosine similarity or Euclidean distance to find top k ***,neither approach is able to fully utilize this user-generated unstructured natural language data,reducing the scope of these recommendation *** paper studies the application of domain adaptation on a transformer for the set of user comments to be indexed,and the use of simple contrastive learning for the sentence transformer fine-tuning process to generate meaningful semantic embeddings for the various user comments that apply to each *** order to match a query containing content from multiple user comments belonging to the same class,the construction of a subquery channel for computing class-level similarity is *** channel uses query segmentation of the aggregate query into subqueries,performing k-nearest neighbors(KNN)search on each individual *** achieves state-of-the-art performance,outperforming other state-of-the-art models in accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score for classifying comments between four and eight classes,*** outperforms the most precise state-of-the-art model(distilRoBERTa)in precision by 6.97%for matching comments between eight classes.

关键词： sentence transformer simple contrastive learning large language models query segmentation k-nearest neighbors

Distortions in focusing laser pulses due to spatio-temporal couplings:an analytic description

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 20-40页

作者： Klaus Steiniger Fabia Dietrich Daniel Albach Michael Bussmann Arie Irman Markus Loeser richard Pausch thomas Püschel Roland Sauerbrey Susanne Schöbel Ulrich Schramm Mathias Siebold Karl Zeil Alexander Debus Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf DresdenGermany CASUS-Center for Advanced Systems Understanding GörlitzGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany

In ultra-short laser pulses,small changes in dispersion properties before the final focusing mirror can lead to severe pulse distortions around the focus and therefore to very different pulse properties at the point of laser±matter interaction,yielding unexpected interaction *** mapping between far-and near-field laser properties intricately depends on the spatial and angular dispersion properties as well as the focal *** a focused Gaussian laser pulse under the influence of angular,spatial and group-delay dispersion,we derive analytical expressions for its pulse-front tilt,duration and width from a fully analytic expression for its electric field in the time±space domain obtained with scalar diffraction *** expression is not only valid in and near the focus but also along the entire propagation distance from the focusing mirror to the *** relating angular,spatial and group-delay dispersion before focusing at an off-axis parabola,where they are well measurable,to the respective values in the pulse’s focus are obtained by a ray tracing ***,these formulas are used to show in example setups that the pulse-front tilts of lasers with small initial dispersion can become several tens of degrees larger in the vicinity of the focus while being small directly in the *** formulas derived here provide the analytical foundation for observations previously made in numerical *** numerically simulating Gaussian pulse propagation and measuring properties of the pulse at distances several Rayleigh lengths off the focus,we verify the analytic expressions.

关键词： group-delay dispersion pulse-front tilt spatio-temporal couplings third-order dispersion ultra-short laser pulses

Near-infrared Emissive 1,2-Dioxetane-based Chemiluminescent Probes

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CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN CHINESE UNIVERSITIES 2024年第5期40卷 806-823页

作者： Chen, Yingqi Budianta, richard Ning, Yingying South China Univ Technol Spin X Inst Sch Chem & Chem Engn Sch Biomed Sci & EngnState Key Lab Luminescent Ma Hong Kong 510641 Guangdong Peoples R China

Chemiluminescence, a phenomenon emitting light from chemical reactions rather than photon absorption, has gained significant interest for applications in bioimaging and biosensing due to its high sensitivity and low background interference. Now there is a growing interest in near-infrared (NIR) chemiluminescent probes for improved tissue penetration and reduced autofluorescence. This review summarizes NIR emissive chemiluminescent probes based on 1,2-dioxetane and discusses their chemical structures and applications. Structure modification strategies for red-shifting wavelength and enhancing brightness include incorporating electron-withdrawing groups, designing chemiluminophore-fluorophore cassettes, and exploring alternative chemiluminescent scaffolds. This review aims to inspire the exploration of NIR chemiluminescent probes in disease detection and treatment.

关键词： Chemiluminescence Near-infrared Dioxetane Bioimaging Biosensing RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER ELECTRON-EXCHANGE LUMINESCENCE AGGREGATION-INDUCED EMISSION BICYCLIC DIOXETANES BEARING IN-VIVO PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY SINGLET-OXYGEN TRANSFER CASSETTES BIOLUMINESCENCE GENERATION

ROLL MODELS 肥皂盒小车街头大赛

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汽车生活 2011年第4期 120-127页

作者： Kevin Gray richard thomas 杨培

在圣弗南度，有着这样的地下街头赛车，参赛的不是超级跑车，而是肥皂箱小车。

关键词：肥皂盒小车超级跑车地下街