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What Do Seedlings Like? The Relationship between Seedling Richness and Abundance with Abiotic Factors

Agricultural Sciences 2023年第6期14卷 767-774页

作者： Johnatan Jair de Paula Marchiori Vinicius de Souza Oliveira Eduarda Carriço Ana Clara Bayer Bernabé Anderson Mathias Holtz Ronilda Lana Aguiar Ana Beatriz Mamedes Piffer Gilcéa Teixeira Fontana Boone ricardo amaro de sales Lusiane de Sousa Ferreira department of Environmental Sciences/Phytotechnics department Federal University Rural of Rio de Janeiro-Seropédica Rio de Janeiro Brazil Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo Alegre Espírito Santo Brazil Laboratory of Entomology and Acarology Federal Institute of Espírito Santo Campus Itapina Colatina Espírito Santo Brazil Agriculture department State University Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Botucatu S&#227o Paulo Brazil

Natural regeneration is the interaction of natural processes to restore the forest ecosystem. Its dynamics are influenced by the intensity and extent of a series of abiotic and biotic factors, which may be intrinsic or extrinsic. Knowing the importance of establishing natural regeneration within forest ecosystems, this work aimed to evaluate whether litter depth and trail distance influenced seedling abundance and richness in a forest fragment undergoing natural restoration. The hypothesis tested in this research was that abiotic factors influence the natural regeneration of this forest since they are factors that are directly linked to seed germination and seedling establishment. 30 plots of 1 m2 were randomly analyzed within the forest located on the brown trail. A millimeter ruler was used to diagnose the litter depth and a measuring tape to measure the distance from the plot to the edge. In each plot the seedlings were morpho-specified and each morphospecies had the number of individuals counted. Linear regression tests were performed to assess the relationships between species richness and trail distance and litter depth. The same was done for species abundance. All results showed that there is no relationship pattern between any of the variables. Other factors also influence the regeneration of a forest, such as luminosity and seed bank. Furthermore, litter depth is related to the successional stage of the forest. It was concluded that the abiotic factors tested do not influence the regeneration of the study area.

关键词： Abiotic Factors Natural Regeneration Forest Ecosystem

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What Do Seedlings Like? The Relationship between Seedling Richness and Abundance with Abiotic Factors

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Agricultural Sciences（农业科学） 2023年第6期

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Web-based system for training and dissemination of a magnification chromoendoscopy classification

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第46期14卷 7086-7092页

作者： Mário Jorge Dinis-Ribeiro ricardo Cruz Correia Cristina Santos Sónia Fernandes Ernesto Palhares Rui Almeida Silva Pedro amaro Miguel Areia Altamiro Costa-Pereira Luis Moreira-Dias Gastroenterology department Portuguese Oncology Institute Center for Research in Information Systems and Health Technologies (CINTESIS)/department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Porto Faculty of Medicine Gastroenterology department Coimbra University Hospital

AIM： To evaluate the use of web-based technologies to assess the learning curve and reassess reproducibility of a simplified version of a classification for gastric magnification chromoendoscopy （MC）. METHODS： As part of a multicenter trial, a hybrid approach was taken using a CD-ROM, with 20 films of MC lasting 5 s each and an ＂autorun＂ file triggering a local HTML frameset referenced to a remote questionnaire through an Internet connection. Three endoscopists were asked to prospectively and independently classify 10 of these films randomly selected with at least 3 d apart. The answers were centrally stored and returned to participants together with adequate feedback with the right answer. RESULTS： For classification in 3 groups, both intra- [Cohen＇s kappa （K） = 0.79-1.00 to 0.89-1.00] and inter-observer agreement increased from 1st （moderate） to 6th observation （k = 0.94）. Also, agreement with reference increased in the last observations （0.90, 1.00 and 1.00, for observers A, B and C, respectively）. Validity of 100% was obtained by all observers at their 4th observation. When a 4th （sub）group was considered, inter-observer agreement was almost perfect （K = 0.92） at 6th observation. The relation with reference clearly improved into K （0.93-1.00） and sensitivity （75%-100%） at their 6th observations. CONCLUSION： This MC classification seems to be easily explainable and learnable as shown by excellent intra- and inter-observer agreement, and improved agreement with reference. A web system such as the one used in this study may be useful for endoscopic or other image based diagnostic procedures with respect to definition, education and dissemination.

关键词： Magnification Chromoendoscopy Reproducibility Learning curve

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