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Antitumor effects of a novel photosensitizer-mediated photodynamic therapy and its influence on the cell transcriptome

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Oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 911-923页

作者： JINGJING CHEN DAN WANG ZEQUN WANG MENGYUAN HAN HOUQING YIN WENTING ZHOU ribai yan yan PAN Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyChangzhi Medical CollegeChangzhiChina2 Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesHealth Science CenterPeking UniversityBeijingChina3 Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems BiologyPeking UniversityBeijingChina4 Department of PharmacologyXinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina5 School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a promising cancer treatment.This study investigated the antitumor effects and mechanisms of a novel photosensitizer meso-5-[ρ-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid-aminophenyl]−10,15,20-triphenyl-porphyrin(DTP)mediated PDT(DTP-PDT).Cell viability,reactive oxygen species(ROS),and apoptosis were measured with a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay,DCFH-DA fluorescent probe,and Hoechst staining,respectively.Cell apoptosis-and autophagy-related proteins were examined using western blotting.RNA sequencing was used to screen differentially expressed mRNAs(DERs),and bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify the major biological events after DTP-PDT.Our results show that DTP-PDT inhibited cell growth and induced ROS generation in MCF-7 and SGC7901 cells.The ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC)and the P38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 alleviated DTP-PDT-induced cytotoxicity.DTP-PDT induced cell apoptosis together with upregulated Bax and downregulated Bcl-2,which could also be inhibited by NAC or SB203580.The level of LC3B-Ⅱ,a marker of autophagy,was increased by DTP-PDT.A total of 3496 DERs were obtained after DTP-PDT.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses indicated that DERs included those involved in cytosolic ribosomes,the nuclear lumen,protein binding,cell cycle,protein targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum,and ribosomal DNA replication.Disease Ontology and Reactome enrichment analyses indicated that DERs were associated with a variety of cancers and cell cycle checkpoints.Protein-protein interaction results demonstrated that cdk1 and rps27a ranked in the top 10 interacting genes.Therefore,DTP-PDT could inhibit cell growth and induce cell apoptosis and autophagy,partly through ROS and the P38 MAPK signaling pathway.Genes associated with the cell cycle,ribosomes,DNA replication,and protein binding may be the key changes in DTP-PDT-mediated cytotoxicity.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy ROS Apoptosis Autophagy Bioinformatic analysis

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SCAB1 coordinates sequential Ca^(2+) and ABA signals during osmotic stress induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 1-18页

作者： Tianren Zhang Li bai yan Guo State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Hyperosmotic stress caused by drought is a detrimental threat to plant growth and agricultural productivity due to limited water availability.Stomata are gateways of transpiration and gas exchange,the swift adjustment of stomatal aperture has a strong influence on plant drought resistance.Despite intensive investigations of stomatal closure during drought stress in past decades,little is known about how sequential signals are integrated during complete processes.Here,we discovered that the rapid Ca^(2+) signaling and subsequent abscisic acid(ABA)signaling contribute to the kinetics of both F-actin reorganizations and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana,while STOMATAL CLOSURE-RELATED ACTIN BINDING PROTEIN1(SCAB1)is the molecular switch for this entire process.During the early stage of osmotic shock responses,swift elevated calcium signaling promotes SCAB1 phosphorylation through calcium sensors CALCIUM DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE3(CPK3)and CPK6.The phosphorylation restrained the microfilament binding affinity of SCAB1,which bring about the Factin disassembly and stomatal closure initiation.As the osmotic stress signal continued,both the kinase activity of CPK3 and the phosphorylation level of SCAB1 attenuated significantly.We further found that ABA signaling is indispensable for these attenuations,which presumably contributed to the actin filament reassembly process as well as completion of stomatal closure.Notably,the dynamic changes of SCAB1 phosphorylation status are crucial for the kinetics of stomatal closure.Taken together,our results support a model in which SCAB1 works as a molecular switch,and directs the microfilament rearrangement through integrating the sequentially generated Ca^(2+) and ABA signals during osmotic stress induced stomatal closure.

关键词： calcium signal ABA stomatal movement microfilaments kinase

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Eutectic-derived synthesis of hierarchically nanoporous copper for electrochemical actuation and solar steam generation

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2011-2018页

作者： Qingguo bai yan Wang Fuquan Tan Zhonghua Zhang Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJingshi Road 17923Jinan 250061China School of Applied Physics and Materials Wuyi UniversityDongcheng Village 22Jiangmen 529020China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of JinanWest Road of Nan Xinzhuang 336Jinan 250022China

The utilization of nanoporous copper(np-Cu)as a metallic actuator has gained attention in recent years due to its cost-effectiveness in comparison to other precious metals.Despite this,the enhancement of np-Cu’s actuation performance remains a challenge due to limitations in its strain amplitude and actuation rate.Additionally,np-Cu has been deemed as a promising material for solar absorption due to its localized surface plasmon resonance effect.However,practical applications such as solar steam generators(SSGs)utilizing np-Cu have yet to be documented.In this study,we present the development of hierarchically nanoporous copper(HNC)through the dealloying of a eutectic Al-Cu alloy.The hierarchical structure of the HNC features a combination of ordered flat channels and randomly distributed continuous nanopores,which work in synergy to improve actuation performance.The ordered flat channels,with a sub-micron scale,facilitate rapid mass transport of electrolyte ions,while the nano-sized continuous pores,due to their large specific surface area,enhance the induced strain.Our results indicate that the HNC exhibits improved actuation performance,with a two times increase in both strain amplitude and rate in comparison to other reported np-Cu.Additionally,the HNC,for the first time,showcases excellent solar steam generation capabilities,with an evaporation rate of 1.47 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) and a photothermal conversion efficiency of 92%under a light intensity of 1 kW·m^(-2),which rivals that of nanoporous gold and silver film.The enhanced actuation performance and newly discovered solar steam generation properties of the HNC are attributed to its hierarchically porous structure.

关键词： eutectic alloy dealloying hierarchically nanoporous copper(HNC) actuation solar steam generation

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Clinical study on microscopic syndrome differentiation and traditional Chinese medicine treatment for liver stomach disharmony in chronic gastritis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1377-1384页

作者： Chun-yan bai Wei Tian Qian Zhang Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Beijing Aerospace General HospitalBeijing 100076China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine People’s Hospital of HengshuiHengshui 053000Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Internal Medicine Hebei Academy of Chinese Medicine SciencesShijiazhuang 050000Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Chronic gastritis(CG)is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining.Liver-stomach disharmony(LSD)syndrome is believed to contribute to CG symptoms.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of microcosmic syndrome differentiation and Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)treatment in patients with CG and LSD syndrome.METHODS Sixty-four patients with CG and LSD syndrome were randomly divided into two groups:The treatment group received CHM based on microcosmic syndrome differentiation and the control group received conventional Western medicine.The treatment course lasted 12 wk.The primary outcome was improvement in dyspeptic symptoms,measured using the Nepean Dyspepsia Index.The secondary outcomes included the improvement rate of endoscopic findings,histopathological findings,and microcosmic syndrome scores and the incidence of adverse events.RESULTS After 12 wk of treatment,the treatment group showed significantly greater improvement in dyspeptic symptoms than the control group(93.75%vs 65.63%,P0.05).No serious adverse events were observed in either group.CONCLUSION Microcosmic syndrome differentiation and CHM treatment can effectively improve dyspeptic symptoms and endoscopic findings in patients with CG and LSD syndrome and have a good safety profile.Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are required to confirm the long-term efficacy and mechanism of action of this treatment.

关键词： Chronic gastritis Liver-stomach disharmony Microcosmic syndrome differentiation Chinese herbal medicine Randomized controlled trial Microcosmic syndrome scores

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Experimental and numerical analyses of the effect of fibre content on the close-in blast performance of a UHPFRC beam

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 242-261页

作者： Junbo yan Qiyue Zhang yan Liu Yingliang Xu Zhenqing Shi Fan bai Fenglei Huang State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401120China

Limited research has been conducted on the influences of fiber content on close-in blasting characteristics for ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete(UHPFRC)beams.This paper aims to address this knowledge gap through experimental and mesoscale numerical methods.Experiments were conducted on ten UHPFRC beams built with varying steel fiber volumetric fractions subjected to close-in explosive conditions.Additionally,this study considered other parameters,such as the longitudinal reinforcement type and ratio.In the case of UHPFRC beams featuring normal-strength longitudinal reinforcement of diametersΦ12,Φ16,andΦ20,a reduction in maximum displacement by magnitudes of19.6%,19.5%,and 17.4%was observed,respectively,as the volumetric fractions of fiber increased from1.0%to 2.5%.In addition,increasing the longitudinal reinforcement ratio and using high-strength steel longitudinal reinforcement both significantly reduced the deformation characteristics and increase the blasting resistances of UHPFRC beams.However,the effects on the local crushing and spalling damage were not significant.A mesoscale finite element model,which considers the impacts of fiber parameters on UHPFRC beam behaviors,was also established and well correlated with the test findings.Nevertheless,parametric analyses were further conducted to examine the impacts of the steel fiber content and length and the hybrid effects of various types of microfibers and steel fibers on the blasting performance of UHPFRC beams.

关键词： Blast performance Close-in blast Fiber content Mesoscale approach UHPFRC beams

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Optimizing piezoelectric performance of complex perovskite through increasing diversity of B-site cations

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 78-86页

作者： Mengdi Cheng Dongyan Zhang yangxi yan Zhimin Li Pangpang Wang ri-ichi Murakami School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Xidian UniversityXi’an 710126China Nanomaterials Group Institute of SystemInformation Technologies and Nanotechnologies(ISIT)Fukuoka Industry-Academia Symphonicity(FiaS)4-1 KyudaishinmachiNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0388Japan School of Mechanical Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

Piezoelectric materials with unique properties are hugely appealing for high sensitivity sensors and ultrasonic transducers.Here,Pb(Ni_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-Pb(Yb_(1/2)Nb_(1/2))O_(3)-PbTiO_(3)piezoelectric system was designed and investigated in detail.The optimized piezoelectric response(d_(33)=826 pC/N,d_(33)∗=1017 pm/V)together with good temperature stability and negligible performance degradation up to 10^(6) cycles was achieved in 0.58PNN-0.10PYN-0.32PT composition.Rayleigh analysis revealed the amplification of intrinsic and extrinsic contributions in MPB region due to more spontaneous polarization orientations and an increase in chemical disorder of system after the introduction of PYN.The origin of high piezoelectric response was investigated through the combination of scanning electron microscopy and piezoresponse force microscopy.The diversity of B-site cations was shown to enhance local structural heterogeneity,weaken long-range ferroelectric ordered domains,and lower free energy barrier via the formation of nanodomain configuration that promoted polarization rotation,thereby improving piezoelectric properties of the material.Therefore,it is suggested that increasing the diversity of B-site cations is an effective strategy for achieving outstanding piezoelectric performance.

关键词： PNN-PYN-PT ceramics Piezoelectricity enhancement Relaxation behavior Domain structure

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Intestinal flora: New perspective of type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1996-1999页

作者： yan Liu Jun Chang Li-Ding bai Department of Gastroenterology Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineTianjinTianjin 300100China First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300381China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300193China

Diabetes comprises a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia stemming from various factors.Current diabetes management primarily focuses on blood glucose control,yet it is inherently progressive,necessitating increased reliance on exogenous blood glucose control methods over time.Therefore,there is an urgent need to explore novel intervention strategies addressing both diabetes and its complications.The human intestinal microbiota,often referred to as the"second genome",exhibits significant diversity and plays a pivotal role in insulin resistance,glucose and lipid metabolism,and inflammatory response.Notably,Li and Guo have elucidated the involvement of intestinal flora in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and proposed a novel therapeutic approach targeting intestinal microbes.This advancement enhances our comprehension of the multifaceted and multi-target regulation of T2DM by intestinal microflora,thereby offering fresh avenues for understanding its pathogenesis and clinical management.This letter briefly summarizes the role of intestinal flora in T2DM based on findings from animal experiments and clinical studies.Additionally,it discusses the potential clinical applications and challenges associated with targeting intestinal flora as therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Microbial metabolites Intestinal flora Probiotics Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes

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Voltage rise rate-related generalised probabilistic lifetime model of turn-to-turn insulation in inverter-fed motors

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 46-55页

作者： yan yang Xueyang bai Yuxing Lei Kai Liu Guangning Wu School of Electrical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina

The lifetime model of turn-to-turn insulation in inverter-fed motors is studied.A lifetime model has been built by considering the effect of inverter-generated high voltage rise rate(dv/dt up to 20 V/ns).This model is followed by the generalised probabilistic model,in which the lifetime is proportional to the nth power of the voltage rise rate.Moreover,by investigating the effect of voltage rise rate on the partial discharge characteristics,it is found that the effect of voltage rise rate on the charge transport process in a voltage cycle is similar to that of the voltage amplitude.The enhanced partial discharge activity and induced charges are responsible for accelerated ageing and thus determine the final lifetime of turn-to-turn insulation.In this case,the generalised probabilistic electric lifetime model is applicable to the voltage rise rate as well as the voltage amplitude.

关键词： lifetime inverter insulation

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Hydrodynamic analysis of carbon nanotube clusters in distributor-less conical fluidized beds with step-by-step scaling

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 117-125页

作者： Tianle Zhang Wenjuan bai Qianpeng Dong Dianming Chu Lianlian Wang yan He Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Preparation and Application of High-performance Carbon-Materials College of Electromechanical EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266061China Shandong Dazhan Nano Materials Co. Ltd.Binzhou 256220China

As a high-performance material with great application potential,the application of carbon nanotubes has been limited by their production volume.A distributor-less conical fluidized bed is the main equipment used in the industrial production of carbon nanotubes.To improve the production volume and product quality of carbon nanotubes,the study of fluidized-bed-diameter scaling is important.Three different diameters of distributor-less conical fluidized beds were established,and then the particle behavior and bubble characteristics of carbon nanotube clusters at these bed diameters were investigated.Time-series and wavelet analysis methods were used to analyze the pressure-fluctuation signals inside the fluidized beds.Results showed that the distributor-less design caused the airflow to break through the middle of the bed,which did not change with the change in bed diameter.The powder-bridging phenomenon of carbon nanotube clusters in a 100-mm-diameter fluidized bed was related to the special microstructure of carbon nanotube clusters.The frequency of pressure fluctuations in the bed decreased nonlinearly with increasing bed diameter.This study can guide the design and scale-up of distributor-less conical fluidized beds,especially for the scale-up of carbon nanotube production equipment,which can contribute to the improvement of carbon nanotubes’capacity and quality in industrial production.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Fluidized bed Multiphase flow Scale-up Multiscale

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A Simplified Method for the Stress Analysis of Underground Transfer Structures Crossing Multiple Subway Tunnels

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2893-2915页

作者： Shen yan Dajiang Geng Ning Dai Mingjian Long Zhicheng bai College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China China Construction 4th Engineering Bureau 6th Corp. Ltd.Shanghai201199China Department of Civil and Architecture Engineering Hubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi435003China

According to the design specifications,the construction of extended piles involves traversing the tunnel’s upper region and extending to the underlying rock layer.To address this challenge,a subterranean transfer structure spanning multiple subway tunnels was proposed.Deliberating on the function of piles in the transfer structure as springs with axial and bending stiffness,and taking into account the force balance and deformation coordination conditions of beams and plates within the transfer structure,we established a simplified mechanical model that incorporates soil stratification by combining it with the Winkler elastic foundation beam model.The resolved established simplifiedmechanicalmodel employed finite difference technology and the Newton-Simpsonmethod,elucidating the mechanical mechanism of the transfer structure.The research findings suggest that the load carried by the upper structural columns can be transferred to the pile foundation beneath the beams through the transfer structure,subsequently reaching the deep soil layer and ensuring minimal impact on adjacent tunnels.The established simplified analysis method can be used for stress analysis of the transfer structure,concurrently considering soil stratification,pile foundation behavior,and plate action.The pile length,pile section size,and beam section size within the transfer structure should account for the characteristics of the upper load,ensuring an even distribution of the beam bending moment.

关键词： Crossing tunnels transfer structure force mechanism simplify analysis layered soil mass

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