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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第5期17卷 1096-1105页

作者： Mohammad Mehdi HOSSEINZADEH Saeedeh MATSH BEYRANVAND reza esmaili Physical Geography Department Earth Science FacultyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran19839-69411Iran Geography Department Faculty of Humanities and Social SciencesUniversity of MazandaranBabolsar47416-13534Iran

Powerful alluvial rivers in the northern Alborz mountain ranges erode river banks due to having high *** of these rivers flow in forest *** this research,the rate of the river bank erosion was examined using the exposed roots of the *** this purpose,8 reaches of Lavij Stream were *** determine the first year of root exposure,two sets of macroscopic and microscopic indicators were ***,the rate of the stream bank erosion was *** results were analyzed by using statistical test,which showed insignificant differences between the two groups of *** to its more abundance(frequency)on the margins and easy detection of its root through the exposure(macroscopic and microscopic)indicators,Alnus glutinosa(black alder)species could be more easily and accurately analyzed as compared with any other tree species in the *** mean erosion rate of the riverbank using the extruded roots was estimated to be 0.08 m/*** hydrological analyses of flood flows showed that 95%of Lavij Stream bank erosion was caused by the river bank full discharges with a return period of 1-3 years.

关键词： Dendrogeomorphology Stream bank erosion Exposed tree root Alborz Mountain

An Assessment of Bioclimatic Conditions for Tourists—A Case Study of Mashhad, Iran

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2014年第1期4卷 137-146页

作者： reza esmaili Gholamabbas Fallah Ghalhari Department of Architecture Mashhad Branch Islamic Azad University Mashhad Iran Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences Hakim Sabzevari University Sabzevar Iran

Weather and climate have a double-edged effect on tourism. It can be considered both as a limiting and a developing factor for tourism. In this regard, having access to precise bio-climatic information can be of high use to enhance the quality of tourism services. This study has evaluated the Bio-climatic conditions of the tourists in Mashhad, a North-Eastern city in Iran, through the use of thermo-physiological indicator of physiological equivalent temperature (PET). Studies have been done for the hours of 9:30, 12:30 and 21:30 of the local time using the statistical data of the period between 1978 and 2007. According to the results, the longest period of climatic-comfort-hours is around 21:30 (mainly in June, July, and August), and the shortest duration of climatic-comfort-hours is around 9:30 (sporadically assessed in April, May and October). The Bio-climatic conditions during the Nowruz Holidays are only comfortable in the evenings. Especially, there is the challenge of cold stress in the mornings and more specifically, at nights. However, the best condition of the whole assessed times in summer holidays (that is June 22nd to September 23rd) is at 21:30. Summer days are not ideal for tourism due to the heat stress. The daily change of PET index shows a Gaussian curve, the peak of which (indicative of too much heat stress) shows July, and non-stress condition can be seen on both sides of this curve.

关键词： Bio-Climate Climate-Comfort Nowruz Holidays Mashhad

Comparison of the Use of Conventional and Antibiotic-Coated Tracheal Tubes and EVAC on the Incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP)

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第3期11卷 45-56页

作者： Mehrdad Taghizadeh Amin Shams Akhtari Babak Heidariaghdam Seyedeh Hedieh Mousavipak Siamak Moghadamzadeh Mohammad reza Haji esmaili Faeze Vahid Department of Emergency Medicine Loghman Hakim Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Clinical Research Development Unit of Loghman Hakim Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Emergency Department of Hervey Bay Hospital Queensland Hervey Bay Australia Department of Cardiology Jam Hospital Tehran Iran Department of Basic Sciences Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Department of Anesthesia Loghman Hakim Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Independent Researcher Tehran Iran

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most important hospital infections in hospitalized patients, which is associated with increased mortality and patient costs. The tracheal tube itself seems to be a major risk factor for VAP. Contaminated secretions pass through the endotracheal tube and reach the lungs. Also, bacteria form a bacterial biofilm on the tracheal tube and are transferred from there to the lungs. Different tracheal tube designs have been produced to overcome these cases. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of an Evac tracheal tube covered with antibiotics and normal on the incidence of pneumonia caused by the ventilator. Research method: 180 patients were randomly intubated in three groups of 60 people with three types of tracheal tubes, Evac and Bactiguard. Clinical examinations, endotracheal tube aspiration culture, and chest radiography were obtained from the patients and the incidence of VAP was calculated based on the CPIS standard. The relationship between the type of endotracheal tube and the incidence of VAP and the length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) and being discharged alive from the ICU were investigated. Findings and conclusions: The average incidence of VAP for the group of patients intubated with a conventional tracheal tube was 50%, EVAC was 45% and Bactiguard was 40%. The results showed that there is no significant relationship between the incidence of ventilator-induced pneumonia and the type of tracheal tube. The incidence of ventilator-induced pneumonia was not significantly reduced by suctioning subglottic secretions and Bactiguard tracheal tubes. It seems that using one method alone is not effective in reducing ventilator-induced pneumonia.

关键词： Intensive Care Unit Pneumonia Suction Ventilator

p16 promoter hypermethylation:A useful serum marker for early detection of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第13期14卷 2055-2060页

作者： Mohammad reza Abbaszadegan Omeed Moaven Hamid reza Sima Kamran Ghafarzadegan Azadeh A'rabi Mohammad Naser Forghani Hamid reza Raziee Ali Mashhadinejad Mostafa Jafarzadeh Ehsan esmaili-Shandiz Ezzat Dadkhah Division of Human Genetics Immunology Research Center Avicenna Research Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad *** Iran Department of Internal Medicine Imam Reza Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad *** Iran Department of Pathology Omid Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad *** Iran Department of Surgery Omid Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad *** Iran Department of Oncology Omid Hospital and Cancer Research Center Mashhad *** Iran Gastroenterology Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad *** Iran

AIM： TO determine p15 promoter hypermethylation in gastric tumoral tissue and serum samples, its impact on p16-protein expression, and correlation with clinical and histological features. METHODS： Samples were obtained from 52 histologically confirmed cases of gastric adenocarcinoma. Gastric tissue and serum of 50 age- and sex-matched individuals with normal gastroscopy and biopsy were obtained as control samples. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction （MSP） was used to evaluate methylation status of p16 promoter, p16-protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining on paraffin-embedded sections. RESULTS： Methylation was detected in 44.2% （23/52） of tumoral tissues. 60.9% of them were also methylated in serum, i.e., 26.9% of all patients （14/52）. Methylation was not detected in tissue and sera of control samples. p16-protein expression was decreased in 61.5% of cases （32/52）, and was significantly associated with promoter hypermethylation （P 〈 0.001）. Methylation was significantly more frequent in higher pathological grades （P 〈 0.05）. Methylation was not associated with other clinicopathological features and environmental factors including Hpylori infection and smoking. CONCLUSION： p16 promoter hypermethylation is an important event in gastric carcinogenesis. It is the principle mechanism of p16 gene silencing. It is related to malignant tumor behavior. Detection of DNA methylation in serum may be a biomarker for early detection of gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer p16 Hypermethylation Methylation specific PCR

Expression of cell adhesion molecule CD44 in gastric adenocarcinoma and its prognostic importance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第41期14卷 6376-6381页

作者： Kamran Ghaffarzadehgan Mostafa Jafarzadeh Hamid reza Raziee Hamid reza Sima Ehsan esmaili-Shandiz Hanieh Hosseinnezhad Ali Taghizadeh Kermani Omeed Moaven Maryam Bahrani Department of Pathology Mashhad University Cancer Research Center Omid Oncology Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Gastric Cancer Research Group Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Department of Radiation Oncology Mashhad University Cancer Research Center Omid Oncology Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Department of Internal Medicine Imam Reza Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Department of Medicine The Mount Sinai Medical Center New York Young Researchers' Club Medical School of Islamic Azad University of Mashhad

AIM: To evaluate the relation of cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) expression with clinicopathological features of gastric adenocarcinoma, and also its effect on prognosis with an emphasis on the differences between intestinal and diffuse types. METHODS: From 2000 to 2006, 100 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, who had undergone total or subtotal gastrectomy without any prior treatment, were studied. Haematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining was used for histological evaluation, including the type (Lauren's classifi cation) and grading of the tumor. The expression of CD44 in the gastric adenocarcinoma mucosa and the adjacent mucosa were determined by immunohistochemistry. The survival analysis was obtained using the Kaplan-Meier test. RESULTS: Of 100 patients, 74 (74%) patients were male. The tumors were categorized as intestinal type (78%) or diffuse type (22%). Sixty-five percent of patients were CD44-positive. CD44 expression was not detected in normal gastric mucosa. Rather, CD44 was more commonly expressed in the intestinal subtype (P = 0.002). A signifi cant relation was seen between the grade of tumor and the expression of CD44 (P = 0.014). The survival analysis showed a poor prognosis of patients with CD44-positive tumors (P = 0.008); and this was more prominent in the intestinal (P = 0.001) rather than diffuse type. CONCLUSION: Cell adhesion molecule CD44 is highly expressed in gastric adenocarcinoma. CD44 expression is correlated with a poor prognosis in patients with the intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma. CD44 can, therefore, be utilized as a prognostic marker for this group of patients.

关键词： Gastric cancer Cluster of differentiation 44 Survival rateImmunohistochemistry Cell adhesion molecules

Microwave-Assisted Preparation of CdS Nanoparticles in a Halide-Free Ionic Liquid and Their Photocatalytic Activities

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催化学报 2011年第6期32卷 933-938页

作者： M.esmaili A.HABIBI-YANGJEH Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Mohaghegh Ardabili

A microwave-assisted (4-6 min) method was used for the preparation of CdS nanoparticles in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate,a halide-free room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL).The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction,energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,and scanning electron *** reflectance spectra showed a 1.33 eV blue shift relative to bulk *** photocatalytic activities of the nanoparticles for photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) using UV and visible light were *** photodegradation of MB decreased with calcination *** order rate constants for the reaction under visible and UV irradiations over the nanoparticles prepared in the RTIL rich media were 5.4 and 2.5 higher,respectively,than the sample prepared in water.

关键词：固体超强碱氧化钙硝酸钾氧化铝氧化锆氢氧化钾硝酸钙

Full field reservoir modeling of shale assets using advanced data-driven analytics

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第1期7卷 11-20页

作者： Soodabeh esmaili Shahab D.Mohaghegh Asset Development Team North OperationCalifornia Resources CorporationCalifornia 90024USA West Virginia University 345-E Mineral Resources Bldg.P.O.Box 6070MorgantownWV 26506USA

Hydrocarbon production from shale has attracted much attention in the recent years. When applied to this prolific and hydrocarbon rich resource plays, our understanding of the complexities of the flow mechanism（sorption process and flow behavior in complex fracture systems- induced or natural） leaves much to be desired. In this paper, we present and discuss a novel approach to modeling, history matching of hydrocarbon production from a Marcellus shale asset in southwestern Pennsylvania using advanced data mining, pattern recognition and machine learning technologies. In this new approach instead of imposing our understanding of the flow mechanism, the impact of multi-stage hydraulic fractures, and the production process on the reservoir model, we allow the production history, well log, completion and hydraulic fracturing data to guide our model and determine its behavior. The uniqueness of this technology is that it incorporates the so-called ＂hard data＂ directly into the reservoir model, so that the model can be used to optimize the hydraulic fracture process. The ＂hard data＂ refers to field measurements during the hydraulic fracturing process such as fluid and proppant type and amount, injection pressure and rate as well as proppant concentration. This novel approach contrasts with the current industry focus on the use of ＂soft data＂（non-measured, interpretive data such as frac length, width,height and conductivity） in the reservoir models. The study focuses on a Marcellus shale asset that includes 135 wells with multiple pads, different landing targets, well length and reservoir properties. The full field history matching process was successfully completed using this data driven approach thus capturing the production behavior with acceptable accuracy for individual wells and for the entire asset.

关键词： Reservoir modeling Data driven reservoir modeling Top-down modeling Shale reservoir Modeling Shale

Study on the Effect of Preparation Parameters of K2CO3/Al2O3Sorbent on CO2Capture Capacity at Flue Gas Operating Conditions

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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 2013年第2期3卷 57-63页

作者： Javad esmaili Mohammad reza Ehsani Department of Chemical Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran

In this paper, study on the effect of preparation conditions of K2CO3/Al2O3 sorbent was done. Box-Behnken design was applied to study the influence of four parameters involve initial solution concentration, impregnation time and calcination step temperature and time. A quadratic model was used to correlate the sorbent capture capacity. The model was used to calculate the optimum conditions for preparing sorbent. From the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the most influential factor on each experimental design response was identified. The potassium-based sorbents used in this study were prepared by impregnating K2CO3 on Al2O3 support. The CO2 capture capacity was measured in the presence of H2O in a fixed-bed reactor at CO2 capture temperature of 60°C using breakthrough curves. The optimum sorbent prepared by this method showed CO2 capture capacity of 77.21 mg CO2/g sorbent. It was observed that the experimental values obtained were in good agreement with the values predicted by the model, with relatively small errors between the predicted and the actual values. The results obtained in this study can be used as basic data for study on design and operating condition optimization of CO2 capture process using these sorbents.

关键词： CO2 Capture K2CO3/Al2O3 Sorbent Response Surface Method Box-Behnken Design

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by nanostructured Fe/FeS powder under visible light

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第2期25卷 244-252页

作者： Hassan esmaili Amir Kotobi Saeed Sheibani Fereshteh Rashchi School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran

The photocatalytic performance of mechano-thermally synthesized Fe/FeS nanostructures formed from micron-sized starting materials was compared with that of a thermally synthesized nanostructure with nano-sized precursors in this paper. The properties of as-synthesized materials were studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, vibrating sample magnetometry（VSM）, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy（DRS）, and ultraviolet–visible（UV-Vis） spectroscopy. The effects of irradiation time, methylene blue（MB） concentration, catalyst dosage, and p H value upon the degradation of MB were studied. Magnetic properties of the samples showed that both as-synthesized Fe/FeS photocatalysts are magnetically recoverable, eliminating the need for conventional filtration steps. Degradation of 5 ppm of the MB solution by mechano-thermally synthesized Fe/FeS with a photocatalyst dosage of 1 kg/m^3 at pH 11 can reach 96% after 12 ks irradiation under visible light. The photocatalytic efficiency is higher in alkaline solution. The kinetics of photocatalytic degradation in both samples is controlled by a first-order reaction. However, the rate-constant value in the thermally synthesized Fe/FeS photocatalyst sample is only 1.5 times greater than that of the mechano-thermally synthesized one.

关键词： photocatalytic degradation iron sulfide nanoparticles kinetics methylene blue visible light

Mechano-thermal synthesis and characterization of nano-structured Fe/FeS for application in photocatalysis

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Particuology 2018年第2期16卷 72-80页

作者： H. esmaili S. Sheibani F. Rashchi School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran 11155-4563 Iran

A novel method was used to prepare a nano-structured 32 wt% Fe/FeS core/shell powder via a mechanothermal route by l-h heat treatment of a mechanically activated powder mixture of Fe and S. The structural and microstructural characteristics, formation mechanism, magnetic properties, and photocatalytic activity of the powder were studied by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, surface area analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, vibrating sample magnetometry, and UV-vis spectrophotometry. A detailed study of the mechanism of transformation showed that during the heat treatment process, an FeS2 phase was formed as the intermediate product. In the final product, an FeS shell approximately 2 nm in thickness was formed on the Fe core. In the presence of NaCI as a process control agent, the particle size decreased and the size distribution became more uniform. Mechanical activation and NaCI addition together led to a decrease of the saturation magnetization from 82 to 74emu/g. The photocatalytic activity of the powder in the degradation of methylene blue was 50%.

关键词： Fe/FeS Core-shell Mechano-therma Nano-structure Photocatalyst