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Ecological Consequences of Land Use Change: Forest Structure and Regeneration across the Forest-grassland Ecotone in Mountain Pastures in Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第4期11卷 838-849页

作者： Lila nath SHARMA Ole Reidar VETAAS Ram Prasad CHAUDHARY Inger Elisabeth MREN Department of Geography University of Bergen Bergen 5020 Norway Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology and Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 977 Nepal

The ecotone, the spatial transition zone between two vegetation communities, is claimed to have more species than the adjoining communities. However, empirical studies do not always confirm higher richness at the ecotone. The ecotone position and structure are dynamic over time and space and it is driven by the changes in climate, land use or their interaction. In this context, we assessed the forest- grassland ecotone of temperate mountains in central Nepal by i） comparing species composition and richness across the ecotone, ii） analyzing if the forestgrassland ecotone is shifting towards the grassland center by colonizing them with trees, and iii） discussing the consequence of changed disturbance regime in the dynamics of this ecotone and the surrounding grasslands. We analyzed vegetation data sampled from belt transects laid across the forest- grassland ecotone in semi-natural grassland patches. Vegetation data consisting of species richness and composition, and size structure and regeneration of the two most dominant tree species, namely Rhododendron arboreum and Abies spectabilis, from the transects, were used to analyze the trend of the forest-grassland ecotone. Forest and grasslands were different in terms of floristic composition and diversity. Vascular plant speciesrichness linearly increased while moving from forest interior to grassland center. Spatial pattern of tree size structure and regeneration infers that forest boundary is advancing towards the grasslands at the expense of the grassland area, and tree establishment in the grasslands is part of a suceessional process. Temporally, tree establishment in grasslands started following the gradual decline in disturbance. We argue that local processes in terms of changed land use may best explain the phenomenon of ecotone shift and consequent forest expansion in these grasslands. We underpin the need for further research on the mechanism, rate and spatial extent of ecotone shift by using advaneed tools to

关键词： Ecotone shift Grasslands Forest Landuse change Rhododendron

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Population Structure and Marker-Trait Association in Indigenous Aromatic Rice

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Rice science 2017年第3期24卷 145-154页

作者： Preeti Rekha TALUKDAR Sunayana RATHI Khanin PATHAK Sanjay Kumar CHETIA Ramendra nath SARMA Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Assam Agricultural University Jorhat 785013 India Biochemistry & Agricultural Chemistry Assam Agricultural University Jorhat 785013 India Regional Agricultural Research Station Assam Agricutural University Jorhat 785013 India

Joha rice of Assam is a class of rice with aroma, good cooking qualities and excellent palatability, which are grown in different places of Assam with their adaptability to local situations. A total of 143 simple sequence repeat markers were used in this study to reveal sufficient genetic variations among the 40 Joha and 14 non-Joha rice genotypes. Polymorphism information content of these markers were from 0.17 to 0.88, where the average of 3.7 alleles were observed. The model-based population assignment and dendrogram analysis identified three distinct groups in the 54 rice accessions, which established a clear identity of Joha accessions from the Basmati accessions, indicating high diversity and strong population structure in Joha rice. Furthermore, a total of 29 significant marker-trait associations(P < 0.05) for 10 characters were detected. The QTLs related with yield and grain quality can be used effectively in crop improvement programs and for further fine mapping and validation of specific genes to develop gene-based perfect markers in rice breeding and for mining of better alleles of these genes in Joha rice collections.

关键词： Joha rice genetic diversity association mapping population structure quantitative trait locus aroma

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Effect of Environment on Photo-detachment Dynamics of Halide Ions： A Model Approach

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2010年第1期23卷 30-38,I0001页

作者： Bikram nath Chandan Kumar Mondal 萨哈核物理研究所晶体学和分了生物学司加尔各答700064 贾德普大学物理化学部化学系加尔各答700032

A two dimensional model approach for the photodetachment dynamics of closed shell an-ionic systems in presence of external light field have been proposed in the context of polar environmental media. The effects of strong coupling between the solvent polarization and the extra charge in the system were studied by a simple model. The electronic states of con-cerned halide ions are represented by a two dimensional model Hamiltonian with a potential V（x,y）=-V0e^-σ（x^2＋y^2）. The time dependent Fourier grid Hamiltonian method have been used to follow the detachment process with fairly high intensities of light. The environmental effects on the dynamics are sought to be modeled by two different ways. The first one was the presence of polar solvents which perturb the energy levels of anionic systems by changing the effective potential surface and the second one was allowing the fluctuation of the well depth randomly to mimic the system in a more realistic view point. The average detachment rate constant is calculated as a function of important parameters of the used light field to explain the effects of solvent field on the dynamical behavior of dipole bound anionic system at least in a qualitative way.

关键词： Photodetachment dynamics Environmental effect Time-dependent Fourier grid Hamiltonian Stochastic deactivation

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Purification, characterization and evaluation of insecticidal activity of trypsin inhibitor from Albizia lebbeck seeds

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第1期23卷 131-137页

作者： Pratima Sharma Amarjit K nath Reena Kumari SV Bhardwaj Department of Biotechnology UHFNauniSolanIndia

A Bowman-Birk inhibitor with activity against gut proteases of Helicoverpa armigera was extracted in 0.I M sodium phosphate buffer from defatted seed flour of Albizia lebbeck. It was purified to 29.62 folds with 51.43% recovery using ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-100 column and ion ex- change chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex As0. The purified protein had a molecular weight of 12,303 daltons as determined by SDS-PAGE. It was found to be heat stable up to 60~C and had two pH optima of 7.5 and 9.0. The inhibitor exhibited non-competitive pattern of inhibition with a low Ki value of 0.2 ~tM. The inhibitoi- was found to be susceptible to varying concentrations of reducing agents like DTT and 2- mercaptoethanol, thereby indicating the role of disulphide bridges in maintaining its three dimensional structure and stability. The purified inhibitor caused mortality and suppressed larval growth ofPieris brassi- cae larvae. It was also found to be effective against gut trypsin extracted from Spodoptera littoralis. The sequence of the genes encoding for such inhibitors can be determined and the genes expressing protease inhibitors can be used in vegetable crops to confer resistance against insect pests and other plant pathogens.

关键词： Albizia lebbeck trypsin inhibitor insecticidal activity purifi-cation Pieris brassicae

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Evaluation of auditory working memory in Bharatanatyam dancers

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Journal of Otology 2022年第2期17卷 95-100页

作者： Praveen Prakash Anjana M.nath Mereena Joy Prashanth Prabhu Department of Audiology All India Institute of Speech and HearingManasagangothriMysuru570006India Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology Amrita Institute of Medical SciencesKochi682041India

Background:Neuroplasticity is a phenomenon exhibited by our nervous system as an indicator of overall development and in response to training,injury/loss of particular function,treatment/drugs and as a result of stimulation from the surrounding ***:The aim of the current study was to assess the auditory working memory capacities in Bharatanatyam ***:The participants comprised fifty-four females with normal hearing sensitivity who belonged to two ***-I consisted of 27 individuals who underwent formal training in Bharatanatyam for a minimum period of three ***-II consisted of the age-matched control group,consisting of 27individuals who were *** auditory working memory tasks included arranging the English digits presented binaurally in forward,backward,ascending,and descending *** maximum values(for the length of sequence arranged),midpoint values(average score),and response time for each task were noted down and compared among ***:The scores were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test,which revealed enhanced working memory exhibited by dancers for maximum values and midpoint scores for all three tasks except ascending *** was also noted that the dancers exhibited a shorter response time compared to nondancers for all the tasks except ascending ***:The current study highlights an enhanced auditory working memory capacity in Bharatanatyam dancers,which could be perceived as evidence of neuroplastic changes induced in the auditory and motor cortex as a consequence of extensive stimulation for auditory processing abilities and motor planning resulting from long-term dance training and regular practice.

关键词： Neuroplasticity Bharatanatyam dance Dance training Auditory processing abilities

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Otological manifestations in pregnant women-A study at a tertiary care hospital of eastern India

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Journal of Otology 2020年第3期15卷 103-106页

作者： Santosh Kumar Swain Basanta Kumar Pati Jatindra nath Mohanty Department of Otorhinolaryngology IMS and SUM HospitalSiksha“O”Anusandhan UniversityK8KalinganagarBhubaneswar751003OdishaIndia Department of Obstetric&Gynaecology IMS and SUM HospitalSiksha“O”Anusandhan UniversityK8KalinganagarBhubaneswar751003OdishaIndia Directorate of Medical Research IMS and SUM HospitalSiksha“O”Anusandhan UniversityK8KalinganagarBhubaneswar751003OdishaIndia

Background:There are several physiological changes found in pregnant women and amongst them,otological changes are quite *** otological manifestations in pregnant women are mainly due to changes of sex hormones levels,which return to normal in the postpartum ***:To report otological manifestations among pregnant *** and methods:Eighty-four pregnant women participated in this prospective study.A questionnaire was administered in all participants for assessing otological *** pregnant women were in the age range of 22e35 *** underwent thorough otological and obstetric *** tone audiometry(PTA)was done for assessment of hearing ***:The mean age of the pregnant women in this study was 26.23 *** most common otological manifestation was sensation of ear *** tube dysfunction was common in the last trimester of *** manifestations included vertigo and ***:The alteration of hormonal milieu in pregnant women can lead to several otological manifestations,including eustachian tube dysfunction,hearing impairment,otitis externa,Bell’s palsy,vertigo and *** these otological manifestations found in pregnant women,yet they are often neglected in clinical practice.

关键词： Pregnancy Hearing loss Tinnitus Vertigo

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Synthesis of Ag/AgCl-mesoporous silica nanocomposites using a simple aqueous solution-based chemical method and a study of their antibacterial activity on E. coli

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Particuology 2011年第3期9卷 243-247页

作者： Bhanudas Naik Vilas Desai Meenal Kowshik Vadakkethonippurathu Sivankutty Prasad Gerard Franklyn Fernando Narendra nath Ghosh Chemistry Group Birla Institute of Technology and Science PilaniK.K. Birla Goa CampusZuarinagarGoa 403726India Biology Group Birla Institute of Technology and Science PilaniK.K. Birla Goa campusZuarinagarGoa 403726India Chemical Sciences & Technology Division National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST-CSIR) Thiruvananthapuram 695019KeralaIndia School of Metallurgy and Materials University of Birmingham

Simple aqueous solution-based chemical methods have been developed for the synthesis of Ag/AgCI nanoparticle-mesoporous silica nanocomposites. Ag loading in the mesoporous silica was accomplished using a wet-impregnation method. The AgCl-mesoporous silica nanocomposite material （AgCl-mSi） was synthesized by using a ＇one pot method. Synthesized materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption analysis and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Antibacterial activity of the synthesized materials was investigated against Escherichia coil （E. coil） using the conventional plate-count method. All the materials showed high antibacterial activity even when the percentage loading of Ag in the nanocomposite was as low as 10wt%.

关键词： Mesoporous E. coil Antibacterial Silver nanoparticle SBA-15

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xF_3(x,Q^2) Structure Function and Gross-Llewellyn Smith Sum Rule with Nuclear Effect and Higher Twist Correction

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2016年第12期65卷 663-670页

作者： N.M.nath A.Mukharjee M.K.Das J.K.Sarma Department of Physics Rajiv Gandhi University High Energy Physics Laboratory Department of Physics Tezpur University

We present an analysis of the xF_3(x,Q^2) structure function and Gross-Llewellyn Smith(GLS) sum rule taking into account the nuclear effects and higher twist correction. This analysis is based on the results presented in[N.M. nath, et al., Indian J. Phys. 90(2016) 117]. The corrections due to nuclear effects predicted in several earlier analysis are incorporated to our results of xF_3(x,Q^2) structure function and GLS sum rule for free nucleon, corrected upto next-next-to-leading order(NNLO) perturbative order and calculate the nuclear structure function as well as sum rule for nuclei. In addition, by means of a simple model we have extracted the higher twist contributions to the nonsinglet structure function xF_3(x,Q^2) and GLS sum rule in NNLO perturbative orders and then incorporated them to our results. Our NNLO results along with nuclear effect and higher twist corrections are observed to be compatible with corresponding experimental data and other phenomenological analysis.

关键词： perturbative QCD Regge theory nuclear effect higher twist effect

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Analgesic,anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheal activities of ethanolic leaf extract of Typhonium trilobatum ***

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第9期2卷 722-726页

作者： Khadem Ali Ayesha Ashraf Nripendra nath Biswas Biotechnology Department Biological Science SchoolChung Ang University Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline Life Science SchoolKhulna University Pharmacy Discipline Life Science SchoolKhulna University

Objective:To explore the efficacy of ethanolic leaf extract of Typhonium trilobatum *** in treating diarrhea,pain and inflammation using experimental ***:In the present study,acetic acid-induced writhing,xylene-induced ear edema and castor oil-imluced diarrlieal model were used to evaluate the analgesic,anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheal activities,*** toxicity test was carried out to fix the safe doses of the plant ***:The plant extract demonstrated a significant inhibition of writhing(P<0.01)compared with the control group in acetic acid-induced writhing test in *** extract also significantly inhibited the xylene induced ear edema formation(P<0.05).In anti-diarrheal test,the extract significantly decreased the frequency of defecation and increased the mean latent period(P<0.0l)in castor oil-induced diarrheal model mice at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body ***:These results suggest that the extract possesses significant analgesic,anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheal activities that support to the ethnopharmacologicl uses of this plant.

关键词： Analgesic Anti-inflammatory Anti-diarrheal Typhonium trilobatum Toxicity

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Design of Energy Efficient WSN Using a Noble SMOWA Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3585-3600页

作者： Avishek Banerjee Deepak Garg Victor Das Laxminarayan Sahoo Ira nath Vijayakumar Varadarajan Ketan Kotecha Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India Department of Information Technology Asansol Engineering CollegeAsansol713305India Department of Computer and Information Science Raiganj UniversityRaiganj733134India Department of Computer Science and Engineering JIS College of EngineeringKalyani741235India School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia Symbiosis Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence Symbiosis International(Deemed University)PuneIndia

In this paper,the establishment of efficientWireless Sensor Network(WSN)networks has been projected to minimize the consumption of energy using a new Self-adaptive Multi-Objective Weighted Approach(SMOWA)algorithm for solving a multi-objective *** Different WSN nodes deployment policies have been proposed and applied in this paper to design an efficientWireless Sensor Network to minimize energy *** that,the cluster head for each cluster has been selected with the help of the duty *** configuring the WSN networks,the SMOWA algorithms have been developed to obtain the minimum energy consumption for the *** minimization,as well as the amount of day-saving,has been calculated for the differentWSNswhich has been configured through different deployment *** major finding of the research paper is to improve the durability of Wireless Sensor Network(i)applying different deployment strategies:(Random,S pattern and nautilus shell pattern),and(ii)using a new Meta-heuristic algorithm(SMOWA Algorithm).In this research,the lifetime of WSN has been increased to a significant *** choose the best result set from all the obtained results set some constraints such as“equivalent distribution”,“number of repetitions”,“maximum amount energy storage by a node”has been set to an allowable range.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) Self-adaptive Multi-Objective Weighted Approach(SMOWA) deployment strategies Meta-heuristicMethods energy minimization duty cycle

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