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Efficiency of HAART in the prevention of mother to children HIV-1 transmission at Saint Camille medical centre in Burkina Faso,West Africa

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第12期5卷 991-994页

作者： Laure Stella Ghoma Linguissi Cyrille Bisseye Tani Sagna Bolni Marius Nagalo Djeneba Ouermi Florencia W Djigma Salvatore Pignatelli Joseph D Sia Virginio Pietra remy moret Jean Baptiste Nikiema Jacques Simpore Centre de Recherche Biomoleculaire Pietro Annigoni(CERBA)/LABIOGENE UFR/SVTUniversite de OuagadougouBurkina Faso Department de Biologie Unirersite des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku(USTM) FrancerilleGabon Centre Medical Saint Camille OuagadougouBurkina Faso

Objective:To evaluate efficiency of HAART in the prevention of mother to child HIV ***:A longitudinal study was conducted on 1 300 women attending the antenatal service at Saint Camille Medical Centre from September 2010 to July *** HIV status of mothers was determined by rapid tests and *** results were confirmed by real-time *** was used to determine HIV status of children born from HIV-positive ***:Among 1 300 pregnant women tested for HIV,378 were *** were predominantly housewives(69.7%),and their mean age was(28.32±0.15) *** overall prevalence of HIV transmission from mother to child was 4.8%(18/378).This prevalence differed significantly from 0.0%(0/114) to 6.8%(18/264) in children born from mothers under HAART and those with mothers under New Prophylactic Protocol(ACT + 3TC + NVP),respectively(P< 0.01).Children’s mortality rate during the medical follow up was 1.3%(5/378).Among 16 women with HIV dubious status by ELISA,the Real Time PCR confirmed 2/16(12.5%) as HIV positive. Conclusions:The protocol of prevention of mother to children HIV transmission(PMTCT) is *** rate of HIV vertical transmission is significantly *** diagnosis determined by PCR of children born from HIV- positive mother is necessary and recommended in the context of PMTCT in Burkina *** also found that PCR is an effective tool to confirm HIV status in pregnant women.

关键词： Pregnant Women Child HIV PCR DNA

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD) deficiency is associated with asymptomatic malaria in a rural community in Burkina Faso

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第8期4卷 655-658页

作者： Abdoul Karim Ouattara Cyrille Bisseye Bapio Valery Jean Télesphore Elvira Bazie Birama Diarra Tegwindé Rebeca Compaore Florencia Djigma Virginio Pietra remy moret Jacques Simpore Centre for Biomolecular Research Pietro Annigoni(CERBA) LABIOGENE UFR/SVT University of Ouagadougou BP 364 OuagadougouBurkina Faso Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology(LABMC) University of Science and Technology of Masuku(USTM)BP 943 FrancerilleGabon

Objective:To investigate 4 combinations of mutations responsible for glucose-6—phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD) deficiency in a rural community of Burkina Faso,a malaria endemic ***:Two hundred individuals in a rural community were genotyped for the mutations A376 G.G202A,A542 T,G680T and T968 C using TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism assays and polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length ***:The prevalence of the G6 PD deficiency was 9.5%,in the study *** was significantly higher in men compared to women(14.23%vs 6.0%,P=0.049).The 202A/376 G G6PD Awas the only deficient variant *** falciparum asymptomatic parasitemia was significantly higher among the C6PD-non—deficient persons compared to the G6PD-deficient(P<0.001).The asymptomatic parasitemia was also significantly higher among G(SPI) nondeficient compared to C6PD—heterozygous females(P<0.001).Conclusions:This study showed that the G6 PD A- variant associated with protection against asymptomatic malaria in Burkina Faso is probably the most common deficient variant.

关键词： Polymerase chain reaction Mutations Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency Asymptomatic malaria Burkina Faso

Impact–sliding fretting tribocorrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel in solution with different halide concentrations

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摩擦:英文版 2023年第12期11卷 2310-2328页

作者： Xu MA Wei TAN remy BONZOM Xue MI Guorui ZHU School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University Ningbo 315201China Electricitéde France R&D Materials and Mechanics of Components DepartmentMoret sur Loing 77818France Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu 610044China

Impact–sliding caused by random vibrations between tubes and supports can affect the operation of heat *** addition,a corrosive environment can cause damage,accelerating the synergism of corrosion and ***,the focus of this work was the impact–sliding fretting tribocorrosion behavior of 316L heat exchanger tubes at different halide concentrations.A device system incorporating the in situ electrochemical measurements of impact–sliding fretting corrosion wear was constructed,and experiments on 316L heat exchanger tubes in sodium chloride(NaCl)solution with different concentrations(0.0,0.1,0.5,1.0,3.5,and 5.0 wt%)were carried *** synergism between wear and corrosion was also calculated and *** wear and damage mechanisms were elucidated by correlating the corrosion–wear synergism,morphologies,and material loss *** results indicated that the stable wear stage occurred at approximately 9–12 h,after which the corrosion current increased with the expansion of the wear *** the halide concentration increased,the scale of damage on the wear scars gradually decreased,changing from being dominated by cracks,delaminations,and grooves to being dominated by scratches,microgrooves,and *** was an obvious positive synergism between wear and *** material loss was dominated by pure mechanical wear and wear enhanced by corrosion,but corrosion enhanced by wear contributed more than tangential sliding fretting *** total mass loss increased gradually in the range of 0.0–0.5 wt%and decreased in the range of 0.5–5.0 wt%.Large-scale damage enhanced by corrosivity and small-scale damage reduced by lubricity dominated the material loss at low and high concentrations,respectively.

关键词： impact-sliding fretting wear tribocorrosion halide concentration 316L stainless steel

Superficial Color Patches as a Visual Diagnostic Criterion for Agricultural Management

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Pedosphere 2013年第6期23卷 740-751页

作者： C.CASTANEDA D.moret-FERNNDEZ Estacio'n Experimental de Aula Dei CSIC

Soil management matters in semiarid lands are key to have acceptable yields and to preserve *** the major agricultural intensification underwent in the semiarid lands of Monegros,NE Spain,custom tailored tools are needed to reconcile agriculture with habitats *** objectives of this study were to quantify the efect of soil properties of two distinctly colored soils,white patches(WP)and dark patches(DP),dominant in the arid landscape of the central Ebro Basin,Spain on winter cereal grain yield and to prove that superficial soil color could be used as a visual diagnostic criterion for evaluation of agricultural practices in arid *** diferences between WP and DP soils were found in gypsum,carbonate contents,available water holding capacity and infiltration *** grain yield ranged from 51 to 5 713 kg ha *** lower yields(P<0.01)and precipitation-use efciency(P<0.05)were attained in the WP soils for the three seasons *** diference increased with the average rainfall due to the significantly lower soil water infiltration(P<0.01)and water holding capacity(P<0.05)found in the gypseous *** results show that mapping the soil surface color at farm scale can be a low-cost tool for optimizing agricultural practices and recovering the natural *** approach can be advantageous in similar arid or semiarid environments around the world.

关键词：农业管理视觉诊断标准土壤颜色降水利用效率谷物产量持水能力半干旱

Determination of Soil Aggregate Porosity Using the Modified Water Saturation Method

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 794-800页

作者： David moret-FERNáNDEZ María Victoria LóPEZ Departamento de Suelo y Agua Estación Experimental de Aula Dei Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEAD-CSIC)

The need to find a simple method for measuring soil aggregate porosity (φ) is justified by the growing interest of researchers in this important parameter of soil physical status. The aim of this study was to present a simple method (AM) for estimating the total 0 of a single soil aggregate. In this case, soil aggregate 0 was calculated as the quotient between the pore volume, estimated from the weight of the aggregate saturated with ethanol, and the total volume (V T ) of aggregate, calculated from the particle density and dry aggregate weight. The V T estimated with AM was compared with the corresponding volume measured with the photogrammetry (PHM) technique using soil aggregates of 8–16 mm in diameter and collected from three different tillage systems: conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no tillage (NT). Next, the AM was used to study the effects of the tillage system on soil aggregate φ. Although a strong relationship ( R 2 = 0.99, P < 0.000 1) between aggregate V T measured with PHM and that estimated with AM was obtained, AM tended to underestimate aggregate V T with an average deviation of 2.85%. This difference may be due to ethanol evaporation during the first 10 s before the ethanol-saturated aggregate was weighed. The use of AM to determine the effects of different tillage systems on aggregate φ showed that this method was sensitive to detect significant differences among the tillage treatments. The results showed that AM could be an accurate, simple, and inexpensive alternative to estimate φ of a single soil aggregate.

关键词： Aggregate stability Bulk density Particle density Photogrammetry technique Tillage system

Optical Coherence in Astrophysics: The Powerful Alternative of Big Bang

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