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Exploring the interplay between climate change and schistosomiasis transmission dynamics

Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 158-176页

作者： Zadoki Tabo Chester Kalinda Lutz Breuer Christian albrecht Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26(iFZ)35392 GiessenGermany Department of Landscape Ecology and Resource Management Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26(iFZ)35392 GiessenGermany Centre for International Development and Environmental Research(ZEU) Justus Liebig University GiessenSenckenbergstrasse 335390 GiessenGermany Bill and Joyce Cummings Institute of Global Health University of Global Health Equity|Kigali HeightsPlot 772 KG 7 Ave.PO Box 6955KigaliRwanda

Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic worms, poses a major public health challenge in economically disadvantaged regions, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. Climate factors, such as temperature and rainfall patterns, play a crucial role in the transmission dynamics of the disease. This study presents a deterministic model that aims to evaluate the temporal and seasonal transmission dynamics of schistosomiasis by examining the influence of temperature and rainfall over time. Equilibrium states are examined to ascertain their existence and stability employing the center manifold theory, while the basic reproduction number is calculated using the next-generation technique. To validate the model's applicability, demographic and climatological data from Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania, which are endemic East African countries situated in the tropical region, are utilized as a case study region. The findings of this study provide evidence that the transmission of schistosomiasis in human populations is significantly influenced by seasonal and monthly variations, with incidence rates varying across countries depending on the frequency of temperature and rainfall. Consequently, the region is marked by both schistosomiasis emergencies and re-emergences. Specifically, it is observed that monthly mean temperatures within the range of 22–27 °C create favorable conditions for the development of schistosomiasis and have a positive impact on the reproduction numbers. On the other hand, monthly maximum temperatures ranging from 27 to 33 °C have an adverse effect on transmission. Furthermore, through sensitivity analysis, it is projected that by the year 2050, factors such as the recruitment rate of snails, the presence of parasite egg-containing stools, and the rate of miracidia shedding per parasite egg will contribute significantly to the occurrence and control of schistosomiasis infections. This study highlights the significant influence of seasonal and mo

关键词： Modeling Schistosomiasis transmission Temperature Rainfall Basic reproduction number East Africa

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Insights into bacterial resistance to contaminants of emerging concerns and their biodegradation by marine bacteria

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 260-267页

作者： Hatice Turan Bahia Khalfaoui-Hassani Alisson Godino-Sanchez Zulfatun Naimah Mathieu Sebilo remy Guyoneaud Mathilde Monperrus University of Pau and the Adour Region E2S UPPACNRSIPREM UMR 5254MIRAAngletFrance University of Pau and the Adour Region E2S UPPACNRSIPREM UMR 5254PauFrance Sorbonne Universite CNRSINRAEIRDUPDUPECInstitute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences(IEES)ParisFrance

Contaminants of Emerging Concern(CECs)are human-made chemicals that remain *** continuous detection of CECs in aquatic ecosystems,due to their incomplete removal,emphasizes the importance of understanding their fate and impact on the environment and human *** detrimental effects of CECs on marine eukaryotes are well documented in multiple ***,their impact on marine bacteria and their biodegradation by these organisms are not well *** this study,two marine bacteria,Priestia sp.35 ODPABA G14 and Rhodococcus sp.23 AHTN G14,previously isolated from submarine sediments,were *** two strains were tested for their resistance as well as their capacity to degrade different classes of hydrophobic and hydrophilic CECs,including synthetic musks,UV filters,pesticides and *** strains showed high resistance to all of the hydrophobic tested CECs even up to 500 mg L^(-1).Only Ketoprofen was toxic to bacterial cells,particularly to Rhodococcus *** at concentration as low as 4 mg L^(-1).Furthermore,Priestia *** Rhodococcus *** exhibited high biodegradation potential,especially for hydrophobic *** this may not apply to all pollutants,the data presented in this study suggest a positive correlation between marine bacterial resistance to CECs and their high biodegradation potentials.

关键词： Contaminants of emerging concern Musks UV filters Pharmaceuticals Pesticides Toxicity Biodegradation

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Thermally activated delayed fluorescence carbazole-triazine dendrimer with bulky substituents

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 236-243页

作者： Hiroki Ikebe Kohei Nakao Eri Hisamura Minori Furukori Yasuo Nakayama Takuya Hosokai Minlang Yang Guanting Liu Takuma Yasuda Ken albrecht Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu UniversityKasugaJapan Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Science and TechnologyTokyo University of ScienceNodaChibaJapan National Metrology Institute of Japan(NMIJ) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)TsukubaIbarakiJapan Institute for Advanced Study Kyushu UniversityNishi-kuFukuokaJapan

Carbazole-triazine dendrimers with a bulky terminal substituent were synthesized,and the thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)property was *** to unsubstituted carbazole dendrimers,dendrimers with bulky terminal substituents showed comparable to better photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQY)in neat ***(PF)-substituted dendrimers showed the highest PLQY of 81%,a smallΔEst of 0.06 eV,and the fastest reverse intersystem crossing(RISC)rate of∼1×10^(5 )s^(−1) compared to other *** measurements of dendrimers and dendrons(fragments)indicate that the close proximity of the triplet energy of phenylfluorene-substituted carbazole dendrons(^(3)LE)to that of phenylfluorene-substituted dendrimers(^(1)CT,^(3)CT)contributes to RISC promotion and improves TADF *** modification fine-tunes the energy level and suppresses intermolecular interactions,and this study provides a guideline for designing efficient solution-processable and non-doped TADF materials.

关键词： dendrimer OLED TADF 1 INTRODUCTION Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials which are inexpensive and highly efficient alternatives to fluorescent

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Demineralized Bone Matrix Fibers plus Allograft Bone for Multilevel Posterolateral Spine Fusion: A Game Changer?

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期14卷 105-113页

作者： Bodin Arnaud Barnouin Laurence Coulomb remy Haignere Vincent Kouyoumdjian Pascal Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatological Spine Surgery Groupe Hospitalier Mutualiste Grenoble France Tissue Bank of France Mions France Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Surgery & Spinal Surgery Centre Hospitalier Universitaire N&icircmes France LMGC Université de Montpellier CNRS Montpellier France

Introduction: While autograft bone is the gold standard for multilevel posterolateral lumbar fusion, bone substitutes and graft extenders such as allograft bone, ceramics and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) have been used to avoid the morbidity and insufficient quantity associated with harvesting autologous bone. The primary objective of this retrospective study was to determine whether, in patients with increased risk of operative nonunion related to multilevel fusion, adding DBM fibers to mineralized bone allograft resulted in better fusion than using allograft alone. The secondary objectives were to evaluate how adding DBM fibers affects functional disability, low back pain, intraoperative blood loss and the nonunion rate. Methods: This retrospective study involved a chart review of consecutive patients who underwent multilevel lumbar spinal fusion and were operated on by a single surgeon. The patients were divided into two groups: 14 patients received mineralized bone allograft (control group) and 14 patients received a combination of mineralized bone allograft and DBM (experimental group). Patients were reviewed at a mean of 16.4 ± 2.2 months after surgery at which point CT scans were analyzed to determine whether fusion had occurred;Oswestry disability index (ODI) and pain were also evaluated. Results: A mean of 5 levels [min 2, max 13] were fused in these patients. Posterolateral fusion as defined by the Lenke classification was not significantly different between groups. The experimental DBM group had a significantly better composite fusion score than the control group (P Discussion: Adding DBM fibers to allograft bone during multilevel posterolateral spinal fusion was safe and produced better composite fusion than using allograft only as an autograft extender.

关键词： Spine Surgery Demineralized Bone Fibers Bone Substitutes Retrospective Study

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Efficacy of Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive Application in the Management of Corneal Perforations at Preah Ang Duong Hospital in Cambodia

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第1期14卷 44-54页

作者： Guechlaing Chea Amarin Mar Saly Saint remy Tor Ponndara Ith Piseth Kong Ophthalmology Department Preah Ang Duong Hospital Phnom Penh Cambodia Faculty of Medicine University of Health Sciences Phnom Penh Cambodia

Purpose: The study was to evaluate the efficacy of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (CTA) application in corneal perforations. Method: This was a prospective study on 20 patients of corneal perforations who received cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive application as treatment between March 2021 and March 2022 at Preah Ang Duong Hospital. The primary outcome measure was success rate of CTA application, while the secondary outcome was to measure postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and ocular complications. Results: The mean age of patients was 44.15 ± 16.05 years old and 7 (35%) were female. Causes of perforation were microbial infection in 12 patients (60%), trauma in 5 patients (25%), and sterile melting in 3 patients (15%). The perforation of size smaller than 1.5 mm was in 8 patients (40%) while 12 patients (60%) had perforated size between 1.5 mm to 3 mm. The perforation was 60% (12 patients) central, 25% (5 patients) paracentral, and 15% (3 patients) peripherally. Out of 20 patients, 5 patients (25%) received CTA application more than 1 time. The mean glue retention was 57.60 ± 31.84 days. Success rate of glue application (defined as intact globe without surgical intervention regardless of number of CTA applications) was 85%. At the last visit, 7 patients (35%) had BCVA of 6/120 or better. Common complications were uveitis (45%), ocular hypertension (30%), cataract (25%) and neovascularization (20%). No serious complications were found. Conclusion: Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive is an effective treatment option in sealing corneal perforations with no serious complications. .

关键词： Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive Corneal Perforation Microbial Infection Sterile Melting

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气候变化下维管植物对大气碳同化和泥炭碳分解的调控作用

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腐植酸 2023年第1期 61-70页

作者： Konstantin Gavazov remy albrecht Alexandre Buttler Ellen Dorrepaal Mark H.Garnett Sebastien Gogo Frank Hagedorn Robert T.E.Mills Bjorn J.M.Robroek Luca Bragazza 鲁蕴哲(译) 徐汇遥(译) 胡雅琴(译) 谭薇(译) 赵红艳(译) 瑞士联邦森林、雪与景观研究所洛桑基地洛桑CH-8903 瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院建筑、土木与环境工程学院生态系统实验室洛桑CH-1015 瑞典于默奥大学气候影响研究中心生态与环境科学系阿比斯库90184 法国弗朗升-孔泰大学科学与技术学院6249“Chrono-Environnement”实验室贝桑松25000 英国自然环境研究理事会放射性碳中心(东基尔布赖德) 东基尔布赖德G741AA 法国奥尔良大学地球科学研究所奥尔良45067 法国国家科学研究中心奥尔良地球科学研究所奥尔良75794 法国地质矿产调查总局奥尔良地球科学研究所奥尔良45071 瑞士联邦森林、雪与景观研究所比尔门斯多夫基地比尔门斯多夫CH-8903 英国兰卡斯特大学兰卡斯特环境中心兰卡斯特LA14YW 英国南安普顿大学生物科学学院南安普顿SO171BJ 意大利费拉拉大学生命科学与生物技术系费拉拉35-44121 东北师范大学地理科学学院长春130024

气候变化可以通过促进维管植物的生长来改变泥炭地植物群落的组成。然而,这种植被变化如何影响泥炭地碳动态仍然不清楚。为了评估植被变化对碳吸收和释放的影响,我们在两处以泥炭藓为主的泥炭地上进行了维管植物去除实验,这两处泥炭地... 详细信息

气候变化可以通过促进维管植物的生长来改变泥炭地植物群落的组成。然而,这种植被变化如何影响泥炭地碳动态仍然不清楚。为了评估植被变化对碳吸收和释放的影响,我们在两处以泥炭藓为主的泥炭地上进行了维管植物去除实验,这两处泥炭地代表了沿气候梯度下自然植被演替的不同阶段。对净生态系统CO_(2)交换量的周期性测量表明,维管植物在确保净碳吸收潜力方面发挥着关键作用,尤其是在气候变暖的情况下。然而,维管植物的存在也增强了生态系统呼吸量,通过利用呼吸作用产生的CO_(2)中放射性碳(bomb-^(14)C)特征的季节变化,我们证明根际激发效应增强了泥炭碳的异养分解。观察到的泥炭碳分解的根际激发效应与溶解有机物的更高度腐殖化相匹配,在植物的生长季之后仍然很明显。我们的研究结果强调了根际激发效应在泥炭地中的相关性,特别是在评估与气候变化相关的植被群落组成发生变化的泥炭地未来碳汇功能时。

关键词：气候变暖分解生态系统呼吸海拔梯度净生态系统CO_(2)交换泥炭地根际激发效应维管植物生物量

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Transient Radiation-Conductive Heat transfer Problems:"The Quadrupole Method"

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Journal of Thermal Science 2002年第4期11卷 359-371页

作者： Alain Degiovanni Benjamin remy Stephane Andre Laboratoire d'Energetique et de Mecanique Theorique et Appliquee L.E.M.T.A-U.M.R C.N.R.S 7563/E.E.I.G.M-E.N.S.E.MUniversite Henri Poincare-Nancy IInstitut National Polytechnique de Lorraine(I.N.P.L)02avenue de la Foret de Haye-B.P 16054516 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy CedexFrance

This paper presents a statement of the works performed in L.E.M.T.A by the members of the thermal and mechanical heterogeneous media research group during the last six years concerning the solving of coupled conductive and radiative heat transfers within a multilayer and semi-transparent“wall”.Out of the authors,this paper allows to take inspiration from the works of ***,*** and ***[19,20,21].The aim of these works is to represent in a macroscopic way,with the minimum number of thermophysical parameters,the heat transfers in a plane system composed of semi-transparent *** approach we propose is semi-analytic(Kernel substitution technique,Laplace transformation)and allow to obtain in the Laplace domain an analytical solution that can be easily *** method can be applied in two main scopes of applications:the estimation of thermophysical properties(phononic conductivity,optical thickness,Planck number for instance)of semi-transparent materials(glasses,crystals,glass wool,semi-conductors,synthetic diamonds,vitroceramics and so on)and the modelling of processes with semitransparent walls(for instance bottles forming,flat glass production,drying of paper).The method will be first presented and validated and two examples of applications will be then *** method can be applied to semitransparent walls that emit,absorb and scatter the radiant energy(participating medium).It appears from the principle of a Kernel substitution technique applied to the radiative flux expression and initially introduced by Lick[1]that allows to change the character of the governing heat equation from the integro-differential form to a purely differential *** the case of limiting cases of purely scattering and purely absorbing media,the solution of the radiative transfer equation is *** the general case,we make a two-flux *** all cases,we assume a linear transfer and use the Laplace *** method can be applied to grey or grey by bands

关键词： heat conduction thermal radiation coupled heat transfer quadrupole method

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Center for Plant Conservation's Best Practice Guidelines for the reintroduction of rare plants

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Plant Diversity 2017年第6期39卷 390-395页

作者： Joyce Maschinski Matthew A.albrecht Center for Plant Conservation San Diego Zoo Global Center for Conservation & Sustainable Development Missouri Botanical Garden

Recent estimates indicate that one-fifth of botanical species worldwide are considered at risk of becoming extinct in the wild. One available strategy for conserving many rare plant species is reintroduction, which holds much promise especially when carefully planned by following guidelines and when monitored long-term. We review the Center for Plant Conservation Best Reintroduction Practice Guidelines and highlight important components for planning plant reintroductions. Before attempting reintroductions practitioners should justify them, should consider alternative conservation strategies, understand threats, and ensure that these threats are absent from any recipient site. Planning a reintroduction requires considering legal and logistic parameters as well as target species and recipient site *** selecting the genetic composition of founders, founder population size, and recipient site will influence establishment and population growth. Whenever possible practitioners should conduct reintroductions as experiments and publish results. To document whether populations are sustainable will require long-term monitoring for decades, therefore planning an appropriate monitoring technique for the taxon must consider current and future needs. Botanical gardens can play a leading role in developing the science and practice of plant reintroduction.

关键词： Reintroduction Monitoring Genetics Optimal site selection Founders Managed relocation

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The effect of learning on the evolution of new courtship behavior： A simulation model

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Current Zoology 2015年第6期61卷 1062-1072页

作者： remy MORIER-GENOUD Tadeusz J. KAWECKI Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

The fact that individuals learn can change the relationship between genotype and phenotype in the population, and thus affect the evolutionary response to selection. Here we ask how male ability to learn from female response affects the evolu- tion of a novel male behavioral courtship trait trader pre-existing female preference （sensory drive）. We assume a courtship trait which has both a genetic and a learned component, and a two-level female response to males. With individual-based simulations we show that, under this scenario, learning generally increases the strength of selection on the genetic component of the courtship trait, at least when the population genetic mean is still low. As a consequence, learning not only accelerates the evolution of the courtship trait, but also enables it when the trait is costly, which in the absence of learning results in an adaptive valley. Further- more, learning can enable the evolution of the novel trait in the face of gene flow mediated by immigration of males that show superior attractiveness to females based on another, non-heritable trait. However, rather than increasing monotonically with the speed of learning, the effect of learning on evolution is maximized at intermediate learning rates. This model shows that, at least under some scenarios, the ability to learn can drive the evolution of mating behaviors through a process equivalent to Wadding- ton＇s genetic assimilation .

关键词： Baldwin effect Genetic assimilation Learning and evolution Sensory drive Sexual selection

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Impact–sliding fretting tribocorrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel in solution with different halide concentrations

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摩擦:英文版 2023年第12期11卷 2310-2328页

作者： Xu MA Wei TAN remy BONZOM Xue MI Guorui ZHU School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University Ningbo 315201China Electricitéde France R&D Materials and Mechanics of Components DepartmentMoret sur Loing 77818France Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu 610044China

Impact–sliding caused by random vibrations between tubes and supports can affect the operation of heat *** addition,a corrosive environment can cause damage,accelerating the synergism of corrosion and ***,the focus of this work was the impact–sliding fretting tribocorrosion behavior of 316L heat exchanger tubes at different halide concentrations.A device system incorporating the in situ electrochemical measurements of impact–sliding fretting corrosion wear was constructed,and experiments on 316L heat exchanger tubes in sodium chloride(NaCl)solution with different concentrations(0.0,0.1,0.5,1.0,3.5,and 5.0 wt%)were carried *** synergism between wear and corrosion was also calculated and *** wear and damage mechanisms were elucidated by correlating the corrosion–wear synergism,morphologies,and material loss *** results indicated that the stable wear stage occurred at approximately 9–12 h,after which the corrosion current increased with the expansion of the wear *** the halide concentration increased,the scale of damage on the wear scars gradually decreased,changing from being dominated by cracks,delaminations,and grooves to being dominated by scratches,microgrooves,and *** was an obvious positive synergism between wear and *** material loss was dominated by pure mechanical wear and wear enhanced by corrosion,but corrosion enhanced by wear contributed more than tangential sliding fretting *** total mass loss increased gradually in the range of 0.0–0.5 wt%and decreased in the range of 0.5–5.0 wt%.Large-scale damage enhanced by corrosivity and small-scale damage reduced by lubricity dominated the material loss at low and high concentrations,respectively.

关键词： impact-sliding fretting wear tribocorrosion halide concentration 316L stainless steel

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