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Birds of the Kangchenjunga landscape,the Eastern Himalaya:status,threats and implications for conservation

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Avian Research 2018年第4期9卷 381-393页

作者： Pratikshya Kandel Ishana Thapa Nakul chettri rebecca Pradhan Eklabya Sharma International centre for Integrated Mountain Development GPO Box 3226KathmanduNepal Bird conservation Nepal KathmanduNepal Royal Society for Protection of Nature(RSPN) ThimphuBhutan

Birds are reliable and widely used indicators for conservation planning and monitoring. We reviewed birds of the Kangchenjunga landscape, a transboundary complex shared by Bhutan, India and Nepal in the Eastern Himalaya. Using 119 literature, we analyzed the bird survey efforts in the landscape, their taxonomic representation, global threat status, distribution patterns, and habitat preferences. We also discussed the potential threats and conservation challenges and documented current conservation efforts and government policies. Most of the bird surveys are carried out in India followed by Nepal and Bhutan. A total of 618 bird species belonging to 19 orders and 77 families are recorded. Passeriformes is the dominant order that constitutes 62% of the total records listed from the landscape. Among the families, Muscicapidae is the most common and diversely represented family. There are 41 species of birds that are categorized as threatened under IUcN Red list. Of the total birds occurring in the landscape, the highest number of bird species(95%) was documented from India, followed by Nepal(55%) and Bhutan(34%). Of them, 24% of the species were found to occur in the tropical zone. Forested habitat is widely used by 63% of the total species followed by wetlands(16%). Despite promising policies and legal provisions, the landscape faces numerous challenges including habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting and trapping, unsustainable extraction of natural resources, invasive alien species, unregulated tourism and global climate change. We suggest protection and management of birds through strengthening Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas, reduction in forest encroachment and habitat destruction, conservation awareness programmes and comprehensive bird surveys with long term monitoring to assess the impact of environmental change as some of the approaches to conserve the rich avifaunal diversity of the landscape.

关键词： Avifauna Transboundary landscape Nepal India Bhutan Biodiversity conservation

Biofumigation: An alternative strategy for the control of plant parasitic nematodes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第7期19卷 1680-1690页

作者： rebecca Jean Barnes BRENNAN Samantha GlAZE-cORcORAN Robert WIcK Masoud HASHEMI University of Massachusetts Amherst cranberry Station East WarehamMassachusetts 02538USA Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA 01003USA

Plant-parasitic nematodes wreak havoc on the yield and quality of crops *** from these pests is estimated to exceed US$100 bllion annually but is likely higher due to *** damage may be catastrophic,but historically the solution has been damaging as *** of the synthetic nematicide methyl bromide(MBr)poses risks to the environment and to human ***,the use of plant material and naturally produced compounds to control pests,is an increasingly feasible method of pest *** process acts through the growth or incorporation of plant material into the soil,that,over the course of its degradation,releases glucosinolates that break down into nematotoxic *** secondary plant metabolites exist naturally in commonly grown plants,most of which belong to the Brassicaceae *** endeavors have increasingly explored the potential of *** reaction of target pests,the selection of biofumigant,and ideal environments for efficacy continue to be *** review seeks to provide a cost and benefit assessment of the status of biofumigation for the control of plant-parasitic nematodes as an alternative to conventional methyl bromide usage.

关键词： biofumigation plant-parasitic nematode Brassicaceae isothiocyanate methyl bromide

Expression of Mammalian BM88/cEND1 in Drosophila Affects Nervous System Development by Interfering with Precursor cell Formation

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第6期35卷 979-995页

作者： Athanasios Tzortzopoulos Dimitra Thomaidou Maria Gaitanou rebecca Matsas Efthimios Skoulakis Department of clinical Biochemistry Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital11527 AthensGreece laboratory of cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Hellenic Pasteur Institute11521 AthensGreece "Alexander Fleming"Biomedical Sciences Research centre 16672 AthensGreece

We used Drosophila melanogaster as an experimental model to express mouse and pig BM88/cEND1(cell cycle exit and neuronal differentiation 1) in order to investigate its potential functional effects on Drosophila neurogenesis. BM88/cEND1 is a neuron-specific protein whose function is implicated in triggering cells to exit from the cell cycle and differentiate towards a neuronal phenotype. Transgenic flies expressing either mouse or pig BM88/cEND1 in the nervous system had severe neuronal phenotypes with variable expressivity at various stages of embryonic development. In early embryonic stage 10,BM88/cEND1 expression led to an increase in the neuralspecific antigenicity of neuroectoderm at the expense of precursor cells [neuroblasts(Nbs) and ganglion mother cells(GMcs)] including the defective formation and differentiation of the MP2 precursors, whereas at later stages(12–15), protein accumulation induced gross morphological defects primarily in the cNS accompanied by a reduction of Nb and GMc markers. Furthermore, the neuronal precursor cells of embryos expressing BM88/cEND1 failed to carry out proper cell-cycle progression as revealed by the disorganized expression patterns of specific cell-cycle markers. BM88/cEND1 accumulation in the Drosophila eye affected normal eye disc development by disrupting the ommatidia. Finally, we demonstrated that expression of BM88/cEND1 modified/reduced the levels of activated MAP kinase indicating a functional effect of BM88/cEND1 on the MAPK signaling pathway. Our findings suggest that the expression of mammalian BM88/cEND1 in Drosophila exerts specific functional effects associated with neuronal precursor cell formation during embryonic neurogenesis and proper eye disc *** study also validates the use of Drosophila as a powerful model system in which to investigate gene function and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

关键词： Drosophila Neurogenesis BM88/cEND1 Nervous system Protein function

Preface to the special collection of Induced Earthquakes

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第6期5卷 483-484页

作者： HongFeng Yang XiaoWei chen rebecca Harrington YaJing liu Earth System Science Programme Faculty of ScienceThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNTHong KongChina School of Geosciences The University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA Institute for Geology Mineralogy&GeophysicsRuhr University BochumBochumGermany Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences McGill UniversityMontréalQuébecCanada

It has been long recognized that a variety of anthropogenic activities may cause earthquakes(Ellsworth et al.,2013;Yang HF et al.,2017).In the recent decades,induced earthquakes have been found in many settings and be... 详细信息

关键词： setting Earthquake earthquakes

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飞越日冕,触摸太阳

环球科学 2024年第7期 30-39页

作者：丽贝卡·博伊尔张怡宁(译) 李婷(审校) 不详

以前所未有的近距离靠近太阳的新探测仪器,或许能借助4月8日太阳极大期的日全食,为太阳物理学带来全新的见解。2024年4月8日,北美地区约185千米宽的狭长地带会陷入黑暗。从墨西哥的马萨特兰一直到加拿大的纽芬兰岛,人们会看到一场太阳... 详细信息

以前所未有的近距离靠近太阳的新探测仪器,或许能借助4月8日太阳极大期的日全食,为太阳物理学带来全新的见解。2024年4月8日,北美地区约185千米宽的狭长地带会陷入黑暗。从墨西哥的马萨特兰一直到加拿大的纽芬兰岛,人们会看到一场太阳奇观——圆月滑至太阳前方,遮挡住太阳表面,展示出一顶玫瑰色、蓬松的火焰冠。

关键词：太阳物理学探测仪器纽芬兰岛狭长地带日全食北美地区加拿大

Gastrointestinal and liver disease in patients with schizophrenia:A narrative review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第38期28卷 5515-5529页

作者： rebecca K Grant William M Brindle Mhairi c Donnelly Pauline M Mcconville Thomas G Stroud lorenzo Bandieri John N Plevris The centre for liver and Digestive Disorders Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburghEH164SAUnited Kingdom General Adult Psychiatry Royal Edinburgh HospitalEdinburghEH105HFUnited Kingdom

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness which can have a devastating impact onan individual’s quality of life. comorbidities are high amongst patients and lifeexpectancy is approximately 15 years less than the general population. Despite thewell-known increased mortality, little is known about the impact of gastrointestinaland liver disease on patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to reviewthe literature and to make recommendations regarding future care. literaturesearches were performed on PubMed to identify studies related to gastrointestinaland liver disease in patients with schizophrenia. High rates of chronic liverdisease were reported, with Non-Alcoholic Fatty liver Disease being of particularconcern;antipsychotics and metabolic syndrome were contributing factors. Ratesof acute liver failure were low but have been associated with antipsychotic useand paracetamol overdose. coeliac disease has historically been linked to schizophrenia;however, recent research suggests that a causal link is yet to be *** is emerging regarding the relationships between schizophrenia andpeptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome;clinical vigilance regarding these conditions should be high. Patients with schizophreniapoorly engage with bowel cancer screening programmes, leading to latediagnosis and increased mortality. clozapine induced constipation is a significantissue for many patients and requires close monitoring. There is a significantburden of gastrointestinal and liver disease amongst patients with *** levels of support from all members of the medical team are essential toensure that appropriate, timely care is provided.

关键词： Schizophrenia Gastrointestinal disease liver disease Mental health

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色彩（英文）

英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第15期 6-6页

作者： rebecca T Besser

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Maternal and fetal T cells in term pregnancy and preterm labor

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第7期17卷 693-704页

作者： Derek Miller Meyer Gershater rebecca Slutsky Roberto Romero Nardhy Gomez-lopez Perinatology Research Branch Division of Obstetrics and Maternal–Fetal MedicineDivision of Intramural ResearchEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institutes of HealthU.S.Department of Health and Human ServicesDetroitMIUSA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics Wayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA Detroit Medical center DetroitMIUSA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and ImmunologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA

Pregnancy is a state of immunological balance during which the mother and the developing fetus must tolerate each other while maintaining sufficient immunocompetence to ward off potential *** site of closest contact between the mother and fetus is the decidua,which represents the maternal–fetal *** of the immune cell subsets present at the maternal–fetal interface have been well described;however,the importance of the maternal T cells in this compartment during late gestation and its complications,such as preterm labor and birth,has only recently been ***,pioneer and recent studies have indicated that fetal T cells are activated in different subsets of preterm labor and may elicit distinct inflammatory responses in the amniotic cavity,leading to preterm *** this review,we describe the established and proposed roles for maternal T cells at the maternal–fetal interface in normal term parturition,as well as the demonstrated contributions of such cells to the pathological process of preterm labor and *** also summarize the current knowledge of and proposed roles for fetal T cells in the pathophysiology of the preterm labor *** is our hope that this review provides a solid conceptual framework highlighting the importance of maternal and fetal T cells in late gestation and catalyzes new research questions that can further scientific understanding of these cells and their role in preterm labor and birth,the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide.

关键词： maternal-fetal interface decidua amniotic fluid adaptive immunity parturition

Rice:Reducing arsenic content by controlling water irrigation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第4期27卷 129-131页

作者： Ashley M.Newbigging rebecca E.Paliwoda X.chris le University of Alberta

Arsenic has long been recognized as a *** in water supplies that are used for both drinking and crop irrigation can expose many people chronically to elevated levels of arsenic.

关键词： Arsenic cadmium Rice Food Water irrigation Metal contamination