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The r.le of sur.eon-per.or.ed ultr.sound in tr.nsor.l endoscopic thyr.idectomy vestibular.appr.ach(TOETVA)

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Wor.d Jour.al of Otor.inolar.ngology-Head and Neck Sur.er. 2020年第3期6卷 150-154页

作者： christopher r.razavi Mohammad Shaear.Angkoon Anuwong Jonathon O.r.ssell Depar.ment of Otolar.ngology-Head&Nwck Sur.er. John Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMDUSA b Minimally Invasive and Endocr.ne Sur.er. Division Department of Surgery Police General Hospital BangkokThailand

Tr.nsor.l Endoscopic Thyr.idectomy Vestibular.Appr.ach(TOETVA)is a r.cently descr.bed sur.ical technique wher. the thyr.id and centr.l neck can be accessed without a cutaneous *** date near.y 700 cases have been descr.bed within the English liter.tur. demonstr.ting the feasibility,safety,and efficacy of the *** mor. institutions begin to adopt the sur.ical appr.ach,it is impor.ant that sur.eons pay close attention to appr.pr.ate patient selection and sur.ical optimization to pr.vent exper.ence-r.lated complications.A valuable tool to facilitate these consider.tions is the utilization of sur.eon-per.or.ed ultr.sonogr.phy(US).While the mer.ts of sur.eon-per.or.ed US ar. well-documented within head&neck endocr.ne sur.er. as a whole,its value may be of even gr.ater.impor.ance when implementing a novel sur.ical technique such as *** we highlight and summar.ze the r.le of sur.eon-per.or.ed US within head&neck endocr.ne sur.er.,focusing on how it may influence patient selection and sur.ical planning with TOETVA.

关键词： Tr.nsor.l thyr.idectomy r.mote-access thyr.idectomy Sur.eon-per.or.ed ultr.sound

Imaging and choosing the r.ght patients for.tr.nsor.l endoscopic par.thyr.idectomy vestibular.appr.ach

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Wor.d Jour.al of Otor.inolar.ngology-Head and Neck Sur.er. 2020年第3期6卷 155-160页

作者： r.hit r.nganath Mohammad Shaear.christopher r.razavi Pia Pace-Asciak Jonathon O.r.ssell r.lph P.Tufano Depar.ment of Gener.l Sur.er. Louisiana State University Health Sciences CenterShreveportLAUSA Division of Head and Neck Endocr.ne Sur.er. Deportment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Depar.ment of Sur.er. Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

Advances in imaging for.pr.oper.tive localization have pr.pelled the widespr.ad adoption of minimally invasive/focused par.thyr.idectomy in pr.mar. *** it is per.or.ed thr.ugh a r.latively small incision,studies have shown that the pr.sence of a neck scar.incr.ases attentional bias towar.s the neck r.sulting in compr.mised quality of *** endoscopic par.thyr.idectomy vestibular.appr.ach(TOEPVA)eliminates a neck *** indications for.TOEPVA ar. the same as that of minimally invasive open par.thyr.idectomy,confident pr.oper.tive localization of the par.thyr.id with a sur.eon per.or.ed ultr.sound along with concor.ant localization with SPECT CT is an essential pr.r.quisite befor. offer.ng patients this appr.ach for.*** data has demonstr.ted the feasibility and safety of this appr.ach.

关键词： Pr.mar. hyper.ar.thyr.idism Par.thyr.id adenoma Hyper.alcemia Tr.nsor.l endoscopic par.thyr.idectomy vestibular.appr.ach

Effect of cylinder.wall par.meter. on the final packing density of mono-disper.e spher.s subject to thr.e-dimensional vibr.tions Author.links open over.ay panel

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Par.icuology 2024年第8期91卷 211-225页

作者： Jack r.Gr.gan Andr.i L.Nicuşan christopher r.K.Windows-Yule School of Chemical Engineer.ng The University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB152TTUK

Achieving densely packed par.icles is desir.ble within the industr.es of cer.mics,phar.aceuticals,defence and additive *** this wor.,we use the discr.te element method(DEM)to deter.ine the effect of wall par.meter. on the final packing density of mono-disper.e spher.s subject to 4 var.ing thr.e-dimensional vibr.tion and fill *** focus specifically on the impact of the container.wall par.meter. on the par.icles'final packing *** on fr.m the validation of the DEM simulation the par.icle-wall coefficient of r.stitution,the par.icle-wall coefficient of r.lling fr.ction and the par.icle-wall coefficient of sliding fr.ction wer. var.ed individually and the effect on the final packing density *** r.latively low par.icle-par.icle fr.ction glass beads,the effect of these wall pr.per.ies had no discer.ible effect on the final packing density *** on fr.m these findings the par.icle-wall pr.per.ies wer. var.ed at the extr.me values of par.icle-par.icle coefficient of r.lling fr.ction and par.icle-par.icle coefficient of sliding *** a par.icle-par.icle coefficient of sliding fr.ction=1,incr.ases in par.icle-wall coefficient of r.stitution r.sulted in a minor.incr.ase in the final packing density of par.icles though this was not statistically *** a par.icle-par.icle coefficient of sliding fr.ction=1,incr.ases in par.icle-wall coefficient of r.lling fr.ction r.sulted in a minor.decr.ase in the final packing density of the par.icles though again not to a degr.e wher. the tr.nd can,with complete cer.ainty,be distinguished fr.m the r.ndom er.or.acr.ss the ***,when the par.icle-par.icle coefficient of sliding fr.ction=1,incr.ases in par.icle-wall coefficient of sliding fr.ction r.sulted in a significant decr.ase in the final packing density of *** decr.ase was attr.buted to the pr.pagation of for.e chains thr.ughout the *** significant decr.ase in final packing density with

关键词： Vibr.packing Packing Densification Vibr.tion Discr.te element method Fr.ction Wall fr.ction r.stitution

Appr.ach for.C1 to C2 pr.ducts commencing fr.m car.on dioxide: A br.ef r.view

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PETr.LEUM 2024年第3期10卷 373-398页

作者： Dey, G. r. Bhabha Atom r.s Ctr Radiat & Photochem Div Mumbai 400085 India Homi Bhabha Natl Inst Mumbai 400094 India

The car.on dioxide (CO2) conver.ion to useable compounds r.mains a gr.at contest to scientists, engineer., and envir.nmentalists with r.gar. to the r.ver.e of the oxidative degr.dation of or.anics. This conver.ion is essential for.the development of complementar. fuels and r.w mater.als for.var.ous industr.es, which in tur. will help in avoiding the dr.stic incr.ase in tr.pospher.c temper.tur. due to gr.enhouse effect leading to global war.ing. The solar.ener.y is the ear.h's essential power.sour.e along with the other.var.ous for.s of ener.y for.example fossil fuels, hydr.power. wind, and biomater.als, etc. The final goal is to establish the ar.ificial photosynthesis, which can be r.plicated thr. var.ous chemical r.duction techniques of CO2 by employing appr.pr.ate photo-, ther.al- and electr.-catalysts in or.er.to pr.duce differ.nt one car.on atom (C-1) and higher.car.on atoms containing pr.ducts. Besides, the utilization of clean and sustainable CO2 towar.s high-value pr.ducts is of gr.at inter.st today due to the r.cognized envir.nmental wor.ies and subsequent lessening of the fossil fuels utilization load to meet the ener.y demand of mankind. This way, solar.ener.y can dir.ctly and/or.indir.ctly be alter.d and stor.d in chemical ener.y for. for.industr.al as well as societal applications. In this ar.icle our.endeavor.is to summar.ze the advances in CO2 chemical r.duction r.sear.h ar.a till date especially in fr.e r.dical-based methods such as electr.chemical, photochemical and plasma chemical for.the development of car.on species up to two car.on (C-2) atoms containing pr.ducts per.eived in the chemical r.duction of CO2. The author.hopes that this piece of wor. will be helpful to r.sear.her. and r.ader. who ar. focused on the field of CO2.

关键词： Photocatalysis Electr.catalysis Plasmolysis Ther.olysis Car.on dioxide Chemical r.duction PHOTOCATALYTIC CO2 r.DUCTION GAS SHIFT r.ACTION METAL-Or.ANIC Fr.MEWOr.S EFFICIENT ELECTr.CHEMICAL r.DUCTION DIELECTr.C-BAr.IEr.DISCHAr.ES ION-EXCHANGE MEMBr.NES FOr.IC-ACID ELECTr.CATALYTIC r.DUCTION ATMOSPHEr.C-Pr.SSUr. r.OM-TEMPEr.TUr.

r.dent biology and ecologically based r.dent management(EBr.)-25 year. of pr.gr.ss thr.ugh pr.moting multidisciplinar. r.sear.h

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Integr.tive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Gr.nt r. SINGLETON Lyn A. HINDS r.odes MAKUNDI Steven r. BELMAIN Natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty Canberra ACT Australia Afr.can Centr. of Excellence for.Innovative r.dent Pest Management and Biosensor.Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Management Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“Dur.ng r.dent outbr.ak year. in easter. Afr.ca,lo-cally,mor. than 80%of the potential har.est may be lost,but even in non-outbr.ak per.ods,r.dents cause chr.nic damage to cr.ps….The pest r.dent stor. in Afr.ca in-volves sever.l species embedded in a br.ad and var.able landscape with highly var.able densities.”(Leir. et al.2010).

关键词： damage cr.ps

Near.infr.r.d double-cable conjugated polymer. based on alkyl linker. with tunable length for.single-component or.anic solar.cells

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Chinese Chemical Letter. 2024年第4期35卷 452-456页

作者： Yikun Wang Qiaomei Chen Shijie Liang Dongdong Xia Chaowei Zhao christopher r.McNeill Weiwei Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center.for.Soft Matter.Science and Engineer.ng&State Key Labor.tor. of Or.anic-Inor.anic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Institute of Applied Chemistr. Jiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330096China Depar.ment of Mater.als Science and Engineer.ng Monash UniversityWellington RoadClaytonVictoria 3800Australia

The photovoltaic pr.per.ies of double-cable conjugated polymer. ar. significantly influenced by the length of the alkyl linker. that connect donor.backbones and acceptor.side units. In this study, a ser.es of 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydr.inden-1-ylidene)malononitr.le(IC)-based double-cable polymer. with alkyl linker. r.nging fr.m C_8H_(16)to C_(16)H_(32)(Px, x = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16) wer. synthesized for.single-component or.anic solar.cells(SCOSCs). Among these, the linker.length x = 12(P12) is found to optimize the power.conver.ion efficiencies(PCEs) in SCOSCs. Specifically, PCEs incr.ase fr.m P8 to P12 and then decline fr.m P12to P16. Detailed investigations of optical absor.tion, char.e tr.nspor., and mor.hology pr.vide insights into the under.ying factor. contr.buting to these PCE var.ations. The findings indicate that the exceptional photovoltaic pr.per.ies obser.ed in P12 can be attr.buted to thr.e key factor.: A delicate balance between enhanced char.e separ.tion facilitated by the incr.ased spacer.length and r.duced cr.stallinity r.sulting fr.m longer.spacer., higher.char.e mobilities, and well-balanced hole/electr.n tr.nspor. char.cter.stics. This study highlights the cr.tical r.le of linker.length in deter.ining the photovoltaic pr.per.ies of double-cable conjugated polymer.based SCOSCs and offer. valuable guidance for.the design of novel double-cable conjugated polymer..

关键词： Single-component or.anic solar.cells Double-cable conjugated polymer. Photovoltaic pr.per.ies Alkyl linker.

Basis for.the diver.ity and extent in loss of digestible nutr.ents cr.ated by dietar. phytin: Emphasis on fowl and swine

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动物营养学报 2024年第1期16卷 422-428页

作者： Edwin T. Mor.n Michael r. Bedfor. Poultr. Science Depar.ment Auburn University AL 36830-5416 USA AB Vista Woodstock Court Blenheim Road Marlborough Wiltshire SN8 4AN UK

Phytin is the Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -K + salt of phytic acid that is cr.ated and deposited in the aleur.ne layer.and/or.ger. of gr.ins and legumes. Its high pr.sence in feedstuffs for.fowl and swine diets r.sults in it being a univer.al and significant impediment to optimum per.or.ance. Phytin impair. gastr.intestinal r.cover. of a wide ar.ay of nutr.ents, the effect var.ing with the nutr.ent concer.ed. On exposur. to low pH dur.ng gastr.c digestion, phytin dissociates into phytic acid and solubilized Ca 2+ . Even at low gastr.c pH, phytic acid is negatively char.ed which for.s the basis of its anti-nutr.tive behavior. Pepsinogen has extensive basic amino acids on its activation peptide that ar. pr.sented as cations at low pH which ar. tar.eted by pepsin for.activation. Par.ially cr.stalized Ca 2+ near.the enzyme's active site fur.her.stabilizes its newly for.ed str.ctur.. Thus, phytic acid appear. to inter.er. with gastr.c digestion by sever.l mechanisms; inter.er.ng with pepsinogen activation by binding to the polypeptide's basic amino acids; coor.inating fr.e Ca 2+ , destabilizing pepsin; binding some dietar. pr.teins dir.ctly, fur.her.compr.mising gastr.c pr.teolysis. Upon digesta attaining neutr.lity in the duodenum, Ca 2+ and other.cations r.-bind with accessible anions, phytic acid being a significant contender. Phytate not only binds fr.e cations but can also str.p them fr.m enzymes (e.g. Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ ) which r.duces their.str.ctur.l r.sistance to autolysis and ability as co-factor. (e.g. Zn 2+ ) to incr.ase enzyme activity. Goblet cells initially employ Ca 2+ as an electr.nic shield between mucin layer. enabling gr.nule for.ation and cell stor.ge. After.mucin gr.nule r.lease, Ca 2+ is pr.gr.ssively displaced by Na + to fr.e the viscous mucins enabling its tr.nslocation. Mucin entangles with the glycocalyx of adjacent enter.cytes ther.by constr.cting the unstir.ed water.layer.(USWL). Excessive r.moval of Ca 2+ fr.m mucin by phytic acid incr.ases its fluidity facilit

关键词： Digestive enzyme Calcium Endogenous pr.tein Mucin Phytin

Photosynthetic r.sponse to a winter.heatwave in leading and tr.iling edge populations of the inter.idal r.d alga Cor.llina offi-cinalis(r.odophyta)

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第7期43卷 70-77页

作者： r.gina Kolzenbur. Feder.ca r.gazzola Laur. Tambur.llo Katy r.Nicastr. christopher D.McQuaid Ger.r.o I.Zar.i UmeåMar.ne Sciences Centr. UmeåUniversity90571 NorrbynSweden Univer.ity of Por.smouth Institute of Marine SciencePortsmouth PO49LYUK Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohr. Genova Marine CenterGenova 16126Italy Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohr. Sicily Marine CenterPalermo 90149Italy Depar.ment of Zoology and Entomology Rhodes UniversityMakhanda(Grahamstown)6139South Africa Centr. of Mar.ne Sciences University of AlgarveFaro 8005-139Portugal Labor.toir. d’Océanologie et de Géosciences Universitéde LilleLille 59000France Univer.itéde Caen Nor.andie Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosystèmes AquatiquesCaen 14032France

Mar.ne heatwaves(MHWs)caused by anthr.pogenic climate change ar. becoming a key dr.ver.of change at the ecosystem *** conditions exper.enced by mar.ne or.anisms acr.ss their.distr.bution,par.icular.y towar.s the equator.ar. likely to appr.ach their.physiological limits,r.sulting in extensive mor.ality and subsequent changes at the population *** at the mar.ins of their.species’distr.bution ar. thought to be mor. sensitive to climate-induced envir.nmental pr.ssur.s than centr.l populations,but our.under.tanding of var.ability in fitness-r.lated physiological tr.its in tr.iling ver.us leading-edge populations is *** a labor.tor. simulation study,we tested whether.two leading(Iceland)and two tr.iling(Spain)per.pher.l populations of the inter.idal macr.alga Cor.llina officinalis display differ.nt levels of maximum potential quantum efficiency(Fv/Fm)r.silience to cur.ent and futur. winter.MHWs *** study r.vealed that ongoing and futur. local winter.MHWs will not negatively affect leading-edge populations of ***,which exhibited stable photosynthetic efficiency thr.ughout the *** edge populations showed a positive though non-significant tr.nd in photosynthetic efficiency thr.ughout winter.MHWs *** and equator.ar. populations did not pr.duce significantly differ.nt r.sults,with winter.MHWs having no negative affect on Fv/Fm of either.***,we found no long-ter. r.gional or.population-level influence of a winter.MHWs on this species’photosynthetic ***,we found no statistically significant differ.nce in ther.al str.ss r.sponses between leading and tr.iling ***,*** showed a tr.nd towar.s higher.str.ss r.sponses in souther. than nor.her. *** r.sponses r.st on a var.ety of local population tr.its,they ar. difficult to pr.dict based solely on ther.al pr.ssur.s.

关键词： mar.inal population cor.lline algae climate change ecophysiology photophysiology macr.algae Fv/Fm

IgE-Mast cell mediated aller.y: a sensor.of food quality

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Signal Tr.nsduction and Tar.eted Ther.py 2024年第1期9卷 8-9页

作者： christopher C.Udoye r.dolf A.Manz Institute for.Systemic Inflammation r.sear.h University of LübeckLübeckGermany

In two r.cent studies published in Natur.,Flor.heim et *** Plum et *** that aller.ic-specific r.actions induced by immunoglobulin(Ig)E mediated mast cell activation is cr.cial for.the timely induction of antigen-avoidance behaviour.1,2 These studies pr.ve the concept that aller.ic sensitization tr.gger. the for.ation of avoidance behaviour.and define the under.ying molecular.mechanism.

关键词： aller.ic mechanism