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Assessing canopy nitrogen and carbon content in maize by canopy spectral reflectance and uninformative variable elimination

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The Crop Journal 2022年第5期10卷 1224-1238页

作者： Zhonglin Wang Junxu Chen Jiawei Zhang Xianming Tan Muhammad ali raza Jun Ma Yan Zhu Feng Yang Wenyu Yang College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System Chengdu 611130SichuanChina Rice Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina

Assessing canopy nitrogen content(CNC) and canopy carbon content(CCC) of maize by hyperspectral remote sensing data permits estimating cropland productivity, protecting farmland ecology, and investigating the nitrogen and carbon cycles in the atmosphere. This study aimed to assess maize CNC and CCC using canopy hyperspectral information and uninformative variable elimination(UVE). Vegetation indices(VIs) and wavelet functions were adopted for estimating CNC and CCC under varying water and nitrogen regimes. Linear, nonlinear, and partial least squares(PLS) regression models were fitted to VIs and wavelet functions to estimate CNC and CCC, and were evaluated for their prediction *** was used to eliminate uninformative variables, improve the prediction accuracy of the models, and simplify the PLS regression models(UVE-PLS). For estimating CNC and CCC, the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI, based on red edge and NIR wavebands) yielded the highest correlation coefficients(r > 0.88). PLS regression models showed the lowest root mean square error(RMSE) among all models. However, PLS regression models required nine VIs and four wavelet functions, increasing their complexity. UVE was used to retain valid spectral parameters and optimize the PLS regression ***-PLS regression models improved validation accuracy and resulted in more accurate CNC and CCC than the PLS regression models. Thus, canopy spectral reflectance integrated with UVE-PLS can accurately reflect maize leaf nitrogen and carbon status.

关键词： Canopy nitrogen content Canopy carbon content Maize Canopy spectral reflectance Uninformative variable elimination

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Permeability prediction using hydraulic flow units and electrofacies analysis

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能源地球科学(英文) 2020年第1期1卷 81-91页

作者： Amanat ali Bhatti Atif Ismail Arshad raza Raoof Gholami Reza Rezaee Ramasamy Nagarajan Eric Saffou Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering University of Engineering and Technology(UET)LahorePakistan Department of Geological Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan Department of Petroleum Engineering Curtin UniversityMalaysia WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityAustralia Department of Applied Geology Curtin UniversityMalaysia Department of Geology University of the Western CapePrivate Bag X17Bellville 7535South Africa

It is essential to characterize fluid flow in porous media to have a better understanding of petrophysical *** approaches were developed to determine reservoir permeability among which the integrated analysis of hydraulic flow unit(HFU)and electrofacies(EF)is considered to be useful ***,the application of HFU and EF analysis has not been totally understood with a limited data to develop correlation for less distance offset *** this study,an attempt was made to show the application of integrating HFU and EF for reliable estimation of permeability using core and wireline log data in one of the gas fields in *** results obtained indicate that the integrated approach proposed in this study can be used,especially in less distance offset wells when a limited number of data are available for petrophysical characterization.

关键词： Permeability Hydraulic flow units Electrofacies Gas fields Pakistan

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Metabolite profiling and antidiabetic attributes of ultrasonicated leaf extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第8期10卷 353-360页

作者： Syed ali raza Ayoub Rashid Chaudhary Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz Ahmad Adnan Hamid Mukhtar Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar Department of Chemistry Government College UniversityLahore54000 Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of GujratGujrat Pakistan Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Government College UniversityLahore54000 Pakistan

Objective:To profile the secondary metabolites and to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Conocarpus ***:The various hydroethanolic extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius leaf were prepared by ultrasonication assisted *** phenolic contents,flavonoid contents,antioxidant activity,α-glucosidase andα-amylase inhibitions of leaf extracts were *** metabolite profiling was accomplished by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS *** antidiabetic assessment of the most potent extract was carried out by measuring the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect in the high fat diet-fed diabetic albino *** blood glucose level,haemoglobin,total cholesterol,high-density lipoproteins(HDL)and low-density lipoproteins(LDL)were ***:The 60%ethanolic extract exhibited the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents of(349.39±2.13)mg GAE/g dry extract and(116.95±2.34)mg RE/g dry extracts,respectively,and the highest DPPH scavenging activity with an IC50 value of(32.87±1.11)μg/*** IC50 values forα-glucosidase andα-amylase inhibitions were(38.64±0.93)μg/mL and(44.80±1.57)μg/mL,***-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of gallic acid,ellagic acid,corilagin,kaempherol-3-O-rutinoside,caffeic acid derivative,isorhamnetin and galloyl derivatives in the 60%ethanolic *** extract at a dose of 450 mg/kg body weight reduced blood glucose level,total cholesterol,LDL and HDL,and increased haemoglobin in alloxan-induced diabetic mice,Conclusions:Conocarpus lancifolius leaves are proved as a good source of biologically functional metabolites and possess antidiabetic activity which may be further explored to treat diabetes.

关键词： Antioxidant Antidiabetic Conocarpus lancifolius Metabolite profiling Diabetic mice model

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Optimal Deep Reinforcement Learning for Intrusion Detection in UAVs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2639-2653页

作者： V.Praveena A.Vijayaraj P.Chinnasamy Ihsan ali Roobaea Alroobaea Saleh Yahya Alyahyan Muhammad Ahsan raza Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dr.N.G.P Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore641048India Department of Information Technology Vignan’s Foundation for ScienceTechnology&ResearchGuntur522213India Department of Information Technology Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641062India Department of Computer System and Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Community College in DwadmiShaqra University11961Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan

In recent years,progressive developments have been observed in recent technologies and the production cost has been continuously *** such scenario,Internet of Things(IoT)network which is comprised of a set of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV),has received more attention from civilian tomilitary *** network security poses a serious challenge to UAV networks whereas the intrusion detection system(IDS)is found to be an effective process to secure the UAV *** IDSs are not adequate to handle the latest computer networks that possess maximumbandwidth and data *** order to improve the detection performance and reduce the false alarms generated by IDS,several researchers have employed Machine Learning(ML)and Deep Learning(DL)algorithms to address the intrusion detection *** this view,the current research article presents a deep reinforcement learning technique,optimized by BlackWidow Optimization(DRL-BWO)algorithm,for UAV *** addition,DRL involves an improved reinforcement learning-based Deep Belief Network(DBN)for intrusion *** parameter optimization of DRL technique,BWO algorithm is *** helps in improving the intrusion detection performance of UAV *** extensive set of experimental analysis was performed to highlight the supremacy of the proposed *** the simulation values,it is evident that the proposed method is appropriate as it attained high precision,recall,F-measure,and accuracy values such as 0.985,0.993,0.988,and 0.989 respectively.

关键词： Intrusion detection UAV networks reinforcement learning deep learning parameter optimization

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Analytical Modeling and Computer Simulation of Heat Transfer Phenomena during Hydrothermal Processing Using SOLIDWORKS<sup>®</sup>

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Engineering（科研） 2020年第9期12卷 682-697页

作者： Muhammad Musaddique ali rafique Umair Shah Eastern Engineering Solutions LLC Detroit MI USA Law Chamber Muhammad Rafique (Advocate High Court Lahore Supreme Court of Pakistan) Nizamabad Kot Khawaja Saeed Lahore Pakistan University of Punjab Lahore Pakistan

Mathematical modeling of unit operations especially in biomaterials processing plays an important part in understanding simultaneous heat and mass transfer and fluid flow phenomena. Hydrothermal/supercritical processes are one such process which utilizes high temperature and pressure to synthesize materials for varied applications. The present study constitutes development of a model incorporating all standard transport equations and transient conditions to predict the behavior of process and thus materials upon heating to high temperature in an enclosed composite (Steel and Teflon (PFA) vessel. Commercial software package SOLIDWORKS® is employed to simulate and output is presented as animations after post-processing. Results yield very useful data and information about process;materials of construction and materials being processed which helps in optimization.

关键词： Hydrothermal Simulation TEFLON

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Computational Analysis for Computer Network Model with Fuzziness

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第8期37卷 1909-1924页

作者： Wafa F.Alfwzan Dumitru Baleanu Fazal Dayan Sami Ullah Nauman Ahmed Muhammad Rafiq ali raza Department of Mathematical Sciences College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-Bucharest077125Romania Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon Department of Mathematics School of ScienceUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Central PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Near East University Mathematics Research CenterDepartment of MathematicsNear East BoulevardPC:99138Nicosia/Mersin 10Turkey Department of Mathematics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan

A susceptible,exposed,infectious,quarantined and recovered(SEIQR)model with fuzzy parameters is studied in this *** in the model arises due to the different degrees of susceptibility,exposure,infectivity,quarantine and recovery among the computers under consideration due to the different sizes,models,spare parts,the surrounding environments of these PCs and many other factors like the resistance capacity of the individual PC against the virus,*** individual PC has a different degree of infectivity and resis-tance against *** this scenario,the fuzzy model has richer dynamics than its classical counterpart in *** reproduction number of the developed model is studied and the equilibrium analysis is *** different techniques are employed to solve the model *** simulations are performed and the obtained results are *** and convergence are maintained by the suggested technique which are the main features of the epidemic models.

关键词： NSFD method computer virus fuzzy parameters convergence stability

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Cosmetic evaluation of surgical scars after external dacryocystorhinostomy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第12期9卷 1745-1750页

作者： Syed ali raza Rtzvi Mohammad Saquib Rakesh Maheshwari Yogesh Gupta Zafr Igbal Purleet Maheshwari Institute of Ophthalmology Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College AMU Aligarh.UP 202002 India Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College AMU Aligarh.UP 202002 India Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital Lucknow.UP 226003 India

AIM： To evaluate the surgical scars of external dacryocystorhinostomy （DCR） cosmetically. METHODS： Totally 50 consecutive cases of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction （PANDO） were included in the study. Surgical scars were assessed by the patients and two independent observers at 2, 6 and 12wk postoperatively on the basis of visibility of the scars and still photographs respectively and were graded from 0-3. Kappa test was utilised to check the agreement of scar grading between the two observers. Wilcoxan signed ranks test was used to analyse the improvement of scar ***： Thirty-four （68%） patients graded their incision site as very visible （grade 3） at 2wk. At 6 and 12wk, incision site was observed as grade 3 by 7 （14%） and 1 （2%） patients respectively. Photographic evaluation of patients by 2 observers showed an average score of 2.75, 1.94 and 0.94 at 2, 6 and 12wk respectively. Change in scar grading from grade 3 to grade 0 in consecutive follow-up （2, 6 and 12wk） was found to be highly significant both for the patient as well for the observers （P〈0.0001）.CONCLUSION： The external DCR is a highly effective and safe procedure and in view of low percentage of cases who complained of marked scarring in the present study, thus scarring should not be the main ground for deciding the approach to DCR surgery, even in young cosmetically conscious patients.

关键词： cosmetic surgical scar external dacryocystorhinostomy primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction

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Examination of Pine Wilt Epidemic Model through Efficient Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 5293-5310页

作者： ali raza Emad E.Mahmoud A.M.Al-Bugami Dumitru Baleanu Muhammad Rafiq Muhammad Mohsin Muneerah Al Nuwairan Department of Mathematics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Central PunjabLahore54600Pakistan Department of Mathematics Technische Universitat Chemnitz6209111Germany Department of Mathematics and Statistics King Faisal UniversityAl Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia

Pine wilt is a dramatic disease that kills infected trees within a few weeks to a few *** cause is the pathogen Pinewood *** plant-parasitic nematodes are attached to plant roots,but pinewood nematodes are found in the tops of *** kill the tree by feeding the cells around the resin *** modeling of a pine wilt disease is based on six compartments,including three for plants(susceptible trees,exposed trees,and infected trees)and the other for the beetles(susceptible beetles,exposed beetles,and infected beetles).The deterministic modeling,along with subpopulations,is based on Law of mass *** stability of the model along with equilibria is studied *** authentication of analytical results is examined through well-known computer methods like Non-standard finite difference(NSFD)and the model’s feasible properties(positivity,boundedness,and dynamical consistency).In the end,comparison analysis shows the effectiveness of the NSFD algorithm.

关键词： Pine wilt disease modeling NSFD algorithm linearization of NSFD algorithm results

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Evaluating the Effects of Sustainable Chemical and Organic Fertilizers with Water Saving Practice on Corn Production and Soil Characteristics

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第5期92卷 1349-1360页

作者： Xuejun Zhang Muhammad Amjad Bashir Qurat-Ul-Ain raza Xiaotong Liu Jianhang Luo Ying Zhao Qiuliang Lei Hafiz Muhammad ali raza Abdur Rehim Yucong Geng Hongbin Liu Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuan750002China Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan University of Layyah Layyah31200Pakistan Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing100081China

The rapidly growing world population,water shortage,and food security are promising problems for sustainable *** adopt higher irrigation and fertilizer applications to increase crop production resulting in environmental *** study aimed to identify the long-term effects of intelligent water and fertilizers used in corn yield and soil nutrient status.A series of field experiments were conducted for six years with treatments as:farmer accustomed to fertilization used as control(CON),fertilizer decrement(KF),fertilizer decrement+watersaving irrigation(BMP1);combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer+water-saving irrigation(BMP2),and combined application of controlled-release fertilizer(BMP3).A significant improvement was observed in soil organic matter(14.9%),nitrate nitrogen(106.7%),total phosphorus(23.9%),available phosphorus(26.2%),straw yield(44.8%),and grain yield(54.7%)with BMP2 treatment as compared to *** study concludes that integrating chemical and organic fertilizers with water-saving irrigation(BMP2)is a good approach to increasing corn productivity,ensuring water safety and improving soil *** limitations of the current study include the identification of fertilizer type and its optimum dose,irrigation water type,and geographical position.

关键词： Chemical fertilizer soil quality sustainable agriculture water management

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Antagonistic Potential of Bacterial Species against Fungal Plant Pathogens(FPP)and Their Role in Plant Growth Promotion(PGP):A Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第9期91卷 1859-1877页

作者： Amjad ali Yasir Iftikhar Mustansar Mubeen Haider ali Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan Zohaib Asad Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye Malik Abdul Rehman Mazhar Abbas Muhammad rafique Muhammad Usman Ghani Department of Plant Protection Sivas University of Science and TechnologySivas58140Turkey Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan College of Bioscience University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Department of Plant Pathology PMAS University of Arid AgricultureRawalpindi43490Pakistan Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Citrus Research Institute Sargodha40100Pakistan Department of Agriculture and Agribusiness Management University of Karachi75270KarachiPakistan Pest warning&Quality Control of Pesticides SahiwalPunjab40210Pakistan Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgricultureFaisalabad38000Pakistan

Since the 19th century to date,the fungal pathogens have been involved in causing devastating diseases in *** types of fungal pathogens have been observed in important agricultural crops that lead to significant pre and postharvest *** application of synthetic fungicide against the fungal plant pathogens(FPP)is a traditional management practice but at the same time these fungicides kill other beneficial microbes,insects,animal,and humans and are harmful to *** antagonistic microorganism such as bacteria are being used as an alternate strategy to control the *** antagonistic species are cost-effective and eco-friendly in *** biocontrol bacteria have a broad mechanism against fungal pathogens present in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of the *** antagonistic bacteria have different strategies against the FPP,by producing siderophore,biofilm,volatile organic compounds(VOCs),through parasitism,antibiosis,competition for limited resources and induce systemic resistance(ISR)in the host plant by activating the immune *** commercial bio-products synthesized by the major bacterial species Pseudomonas syringae,Burkholderia cepacia,Streptomyces griseoviridis,Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis are used to control Fusarium,Pythium,Rhizoctonia,Penicillium,Alternaria,and *** commercial bio-formulations of bacteria act as both antifungal and plant growth *** Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)played a significant role in improving plant health by nitrogen-fixing,phosphorus solubilization,phytohormones production,minimizing soil metal contamination,and by ACC deaminase antifungal *** articles are available on the specific antifungal activity of bacteria in plant ***,this review article has summarized the information on biocontrol activity of bacteria against the FPP and the role of PGPR in plant growth *** review also provided a complete picture

关键词： Fungi plant pathogens synthetic fungicide antagonism bio-products PGPR

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