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Comprehensive chemical characterization of PM_(2.5) in the large East Mediterranean-Middle East city of Beirut,lebanon

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第11期133卷 118-137页

作者： Nansi Fakhri Marc Fadel Fatma Ozturk Melek Keles Minas Iakovides Michael Pikridas Charbel Abdallah Cyril Karam Jean Sciare Patrick l.hayes Charbel Afif EMMA Research Group Centre d’Analyses et de RechercheFaculty of SciencesUniversitéSaint-JosephBeirutLebanon Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesUniversitéde MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada Environmental Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringBolu Abant Izzet Baysal UniversityBoluTurkey Climate and Atmosphere Research Center(CARE-C) The Cyprus InstituteNicosiaCyprus

The chemical composition of PM_(2.5) at two sites in lebanon,a country in the East Mediterranean-Middle East region,is investigated in the spring and summer *** average PM_(2.5) concentrations were of(29±16)μg/m 3 for Beirut urban site and(32±14)μg/m 3 for Beirut suburban *** study showed that the geographic location of the East Mediterranean region,such as its proximity to the Mediterranean Sea and the dust storm intrusion are a significant contributor to the high PM levels from natural sources,which cannot be mitigated,rendering the PM_(2.5) WHO annual Air Quality guideline unattainable due to high natural background,which also applies to the entire Middle East *** and Eastern Europe are the dominant origin of air masses throughout our sampling days,suggesting the long-range transport as an important potential contributor to the high observed concentrations of V,Ni,and sulfate in this region most probably in other East Mediterranean countries than lebanon *** local sources determined through the chemical speciation including organics are road transport,resuspension of dust and diesel private generators.A health risk assessment of airborne metals was performed and the carcinogenic risk for all the metals exceeded by 42(adults)and 14(children)times the acceptable risk level(10^(-6))at both *** was the predominant carcinogenic metal,emphasizing the need to replace energy production with cleaner energy on a regional level and highlighting the severe impact of air pollution on the health of inhabitants in this region’s main cities.

关键词： Chemical composition PM_(2.5) Eastern Mediterranean Middle East Organic aerosols Health risk assessment

Beyond COVID: Reframing the Global Problematique with STiP (Systems Thinking in Practice)

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2023年第1期32卷 1-15页

作者： raymond l.Ison IFSR(International Federation for Systems Research)&Applied Systems Thinking in Practice(ASTiP)Group School of Engineering&InnovationThe Open UniversityWalton HallUK

Since 2019 humanity has been subjected to the perturbations of pandemic,economic disruption,war,civil unrest and changes in whole-Earth dynamics associated with a human-induced *** perturbation is like a wave-front breaking on the shore of our historical ways of thinking and acting,increasingly unfit for our human *** challenge to humanity is not *** 1970 the French term‘problematique’was coined to refer to a set of 49 interrelated global problems;the classic description of wicked and tame problems was published soon after,yet little progress has been made towards answering the question:what purposeful action will aid human flourishing,create and sustain a viable space for humanity,in our ongoing co-evolution with the Anthropocene-Biosphere?A case for innovation in our ways of knowing and doing is made based on arguments that our social world is constrained by:(i)explanations we accept that are no longer relevant to our circumstances;(ii)outdated historical institutions(in the institutional economics sense)that contribute as social technologies to a broader human created and ungoverned technosphere;(iii)inadequate theory-informed practices,or praxis,and(iv)governance-systems no longer adequate for *** of knowledge science and systems science are urged to act reflexively to critically evaluate the traditions-of-understanding out of which they think and act.

关键词： Cybersystemics governance systems reframing and framing critical social learning system

Developments and research directions in pipe jacking and microtunneling

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Underground Space 2020年第1期5卷 1-19页

作者： raymond l.Sterling louisiana Tech University RustonLouisiana 71272USA

This paper provides a review of the history and development of pipe jacking and microtunneling methods with extensive referencing to the published *** application of such methods in comparison with other trenchless technologies is discussed and the various planning,design and construction aspects are *** emphasis of the paper is to trace the academic research and field monitoring results covering critical aspects of design and construction with a particular emphasis on jacking force estimation and the effect of lubrication on jacking forces.

关键词： Pipe jacking Microtunneling Design Construction Research Review

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阿片受体对颅脑损伤后作用的实验研究

中华创伤杂志 1993年第3期9卷 148-150页

作者：江基尧朱诚张光霁 Bruce G.lyeth Ronald l.hayes 第二军医大学长征医院神经外科上海200003 Research Institute of Neuosurgeny Medical School of Virginia Univeasity U. S. A.

观察了三种特异性阿片受体(Mu、Delta、Kappa)类似物和拮抗剂对实验性颅脑伤死亡率和伤后神经功能的影响。结果发现:(1)三种阿片受体对颅脑伤死亡率无明显影响;(2)Mu和Delta受体拮抗剂加重伤后神经功能障碍;(3)Kappa受体拮抗剂促进伤后... 详细信息

观察了三种特异性阿片受体(Mu、Delta、Kappa)类似物和拮抗剂对实验性颅脑伤死亡率和伤后神经功能的影响。结果发现:(1)三种阿片受体对颅脑伤死亡率无明显影响;(2)Mu和Delta受体拮抗剂加重伤后神经功能障碍;(3)Kappa受体拮抗剂促进伤后神经功能恢复,而类似物则加重神经功能障碍。研究表明阿片受体在颅脑损伤发病过程中起一定作用,为临床治疗脑损伤提供了实验依据。

关键词：颅脑损伤阿片受体神经功能

Distribution Control Centers in the US and Europe:Commonalities,Differences,and lessons

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 259-268页

作者： Subramanian Vadari Izudin Dzafic Dan'l Koch Ryan Murphy Daniel.hayes Jr. Tarik Donlagic Modem Grid Solutions New YorkUSA University of Sarajevo Faculty of Electrical EngineeringSarajevoBosnia and Herzegovina R.Murphy are with Puget Sound Energy BellevueUSA Commonwealth Edison ChicagoUSA Siemens AG ErlanglenGermany

The distribution control center(DCC)has evolved from a sideshow in the traditional distribution service center to a major centerpiece of the utility moving into the decentralized ***,this is the place where much of the action is happening due to new forms of energy that are coining into the distribution *** creates the flexibility of operation and in-creased complexity due to the need for increased coordination between the transmission control center and ***,the US and European utilities have adapted to this change in very different ***,we describe the research works done in a DCC and their evolutions from the perspectives of major US utilities,and those enhanced by the European perspective focusing on the coordination of distribution system operator and transmission system operator(DSO-TSO).We pres-ent the insights into the systems used in these control centers and the role of vendors in their *** this paper,we present the perspectives of challenges,operational capabilities,and the involvement of various parties who will be re-sponsible to make the transition *** differences are pointed out on how distribution operations are conducted between the US and Europe.

关键词： Distribution control center(DCC) power system operation distributed generation asset flexibility volt-var optimization and control.

Strain control of layer-resolved negative capacitance in superlattices

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 127-130页

作者： raymond Walter Sergey Prosandeev Charles Paillard l.Bellaiche Department of Physics and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Department of Mathematical Sciences University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Identity Engineering Kinesso LLCConwayAR 72032USA Institute of Physics and Physics Department of Southern Federal University Rostov-na-Donu 344090Russia laboratoire Structures Propriétés et Modélisation des SolidesCentraleSupélecUMR CNRS 8580UniversitéParis-Saclay91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

Negative capacitance in BaTiO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) superlattices is investigated by Monte Carlo simulations in an atomistic effective Hamiltonian model,using fluctuation formulas for responses to the local macroscopic field that incorporates depolarizing *** show that epitaxial strain can tune the negative capacitance of the BaTiO_(3) ferroelectric layer and the overall capacitance of the *** addition,we predict and explain an original switching of the negative capacitance from the BaTiO3 layer to the SrTiO_(3) layer at low temperatures for intermediate strains.

关键词： capacitance layer resolved

land use legacy for a tropical myco-heterotroph: how spatial patterns of abundance, reproductive effort and success vary

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 367-375页

作者： Stephen McAuliffe James D.Ackerman raymond l.Tremblay Department of Environmental Science Humboldt State UniversityArcataCAUSA Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and Conservation University of Puerto RicoSan JuanPRUSA Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico17 Ave Universidad Suite 1701San JuanPR 00925-2537USA Department of Biology University of Puerto RicoHumacaoPRUSA

Aims Human land use such as agriculture and logging can have cascad-ing effects on the environment and severely influence forest eco-systems by altering structure,species composition and community *** activities may have long-term consequences,which impact forest *** investigated the legacy of his-torical anthropogenic land use on the current reproductive effort(RE)and success of the understory,myco-heterotrophic orchid,Wullschlaegelia calcarata in Puerto Rico’s tropical rain forest after 80 years of forest *** Our study site was the 16-ha luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot in the luquillo Experimental *** used six 10 m×500 m transect lines that spanned areas with differing levels of historic canopy coverage which are correlated with land use *** recorded the abundance of *** plants and measured shoot height,number of flowers,fruit set for all plants and seed set from the most mature,undehisced fruit on a random subset of plants *** sought to determine whether or not there is a legacy of land use history on the RE and success of *** the varying degrees of historic disturbance,we predicted that RE and success would be highest in minimally disturbed old-growth forest,and that soil type differences would be insufficient to affect RE or *** Findings We found 1607 plants of ***,and only one was detected in the most historically disturbed area of the *** orchids were most abundant in the two least historically disturbed ***,the prevailing trend in all measures of RE is in the opposite direction with greater RE in the forest plots with intermediate levels of histori-cal ***,the best model(as a function of AICc and weights)to predict RE is a combination of soil type and cover ***,our measures of reproductive success(fruit and seed set)were best in the least historically disturbed sites and were not associated with soil ***,the b

关键词： forest recovery Orchidaceae tropical forest disturbance ecology Wullschlaegelia

Direct ink writing to fabricate porous acetabular cups from titanium alloy

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2023年第2期6卷 121-135页

作者： Naima Valentin Weijian Hua Ashish K.Kasar lily raymond Pradeep l.Menezes Yifei Jin Mechanical Engineering Department University of NevadaRenoRenoNV 89557USA

Acetabular cups,which are among themost important implants in total hip arthroplasty,are usually made from titanium alloys with high porosity and adequate mechanical *** current three-dimensional(3D)printing approaches to fabricate customized acetabular cups have some inherent disadvantages such as high cost and energy consumption,residual thermal stress,and relatively low ***,in this work,a direct ink writing method was developed to print a cup structure at room temperature,followed by multi-step heat treatment to form microscale porous structure within the acetabular *** method is facilitated by the development of a self-supporting titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium(Ti64)ink that is composed of Ti64 particles,bentonite yield-stress additive,ultraviolet curable polymer,and *** effects of Ti64 and bentonite concentrations on the rheological properties and printability of inks were systematically ***,the printing conditions,geometrical limitations,and maximum curing depth were ***,some complex 3D structures,including lattices with different gap distances,honeycomb with a well-defined shape,and an acetabular cup with uniformly distributed micropores,were successfully printed/fabricated to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Acetabular cup Direct ink writing Titanium alloy Bentonite Heat treatment

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Women on the run