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Atomic defects,functional groups and properties in MXenes

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第1期32卷 339-344页

作者： Wenjun Cui Zhi-Yi Hu raymond RUnocic Gustaaf Van Tendeloo Xiahan Sang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China NRC(Nanostructure Research Centre) Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831United States EMAT(Electron Microscopy for Materials Science) University of AntwerpAntwerpB-2020Belgium

MXenes,a new family of functional two-dimensional(2 D) materials,have shown great potential for an extensive variety of applications within the last *** defects and functional groups in MXenes are known to have a tremendous influence on the functional *** this review,we focus on recent progress in the characterization of atomic defects and functional group chemistry in MXenes,and how to control them to directly influence various properties(e.g.,electron transport,Li^(+) adsorption,hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) activity,and magnetism) of 2 D MXenes *** structural transformations such as oxidation and growth induced by atomic defects in MXenes are also *** review thus provides perspectives on property optimization through atomic defect engineering,and bottom-up synthesis methods based on defect-assisted homoepitaxial growth of MXenes.

关键词： MXenes Atomic defects Surface functional groups Electron microscopy Functional properties

Modulation of morphological changes of microglia and neuroprotection by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in experimental glaucoma

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第1期7卷 61-68页

作者： Kin Chiu Sze-Chun Yeung Kwok-Fai So raymond Chuen-Chung Chang Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases Department of AnatomyUniversity of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences University of HongKongPokfulamHongKongChina Research Centre of Heart BrainHormone and Healthy AgingLiKa Shing Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)/CCL2 is a C–C chemokine involved in the activation and recruitment of monocytic cells to injury ***-1/CCL2 can induce either neuroprotection or neurodestruction in vitro,depending on the experimental *** aim to use MCP-1/CCL2 as an experimental tool to investigate the morphological changes of microglia when loss of healthy retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)is exacerbated or attenuated in an experimental glaucoma *** a high concentration(1000 ng)of MCP-1/CCL2 and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-exacerbated RGC loss,100 ng MCP-1/CCL2 provided neuroprotection towards *** MCP-1/CCL2(100 ng)also upregulated insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)immunoreactivity in the *** neuroprotective effect of MCP-1/CCL2 was not due to the massiveinfiltration of microglia/*** together,this is the first report showing that an appropriate amount of MCP-1/CCL2 can protect RGCs in experimental glaucoma.

关键词： glaucoma IGF-1 MCP-1/CCL2 microglia neuroprotection

Modulation of Neuroimmune Responses on Glia in the Central Nervous System： Implication in Therapeutic Intervention against Neuroinflammation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2009年第5期6卷 317-326页

作者： raymond Chuen-Chung Chang Kin Chiu Yuen-Shan Ho Kwok-Fai So Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases Depamnent of Anatomy LKSFaculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong KongSAR China Research Centre of Heart Brain Hormone and Healthy Aging LKSFaculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong KongSAR China State Key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences University of HongKong. Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China Department of Anatomy LKS Faculty of Miedicine The University of Hong Kong Rm.

It has long been known that the brain is an immunologically privileged site in normal conditions. Although the cascade of immune responses can occur as long as there is a neuronal injury or a potent immune stimulation, how the brain keeps glial cells in a quiescent state is still unclear. Increasing efforts have been made by several laboratories to elucidate how repression oi~ immune responses is achieved in the neuronal environment. The suppression factors include neurotransmitters, neurohormones, neurotrophic factors, anti-inflammatory factors, and cell-cell contact via adhesion molecules or CD200 receptor. This review discusses how these factors affect the cascade of cerebral immune responses because no single factor listed above can fully account for the immune suppression. While several factors contribute to the suppression of immune responses, activation of glial cells and their production of pro-inflammatory factors do occur as long as there is a neuronal injury, suggesting that some neuronal components facilitate immune responses. This review also discusses which signals initiate or augment cerebral immune responses so that stimulatory signals override the suppressive signals. Increasing lines of evidence have demonstrated that immune responses in the brain are not always detrimental to neurons. Attempt to simply clear off inflammatory factors in the CNS may not be appropriate for neurons in neurological disorders. Appropriate control of immune cells in the CNS may be beneficial to neurons or even neuroregeneration. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying immune suppression may help us to reshape pharmacological interventions against inflammation in many neurological disorders.

关键词： neural cell adhesion molecule neurotrophins potassium ions microglia neuroinflammation

Perfect forward secure identity-based authenticated key agreement protocol in the escrow mode

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Science in China(Series F) 2009年第8期52卷 1358-1370页

作者： WANG ShengBao CAO ZhenFu CHENG ZhaoHui CHOO Kim-Kwang raymond Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Computing Center Artillery Academy of PLA Hefei 230031 China Independent Consultant Room 1415 International Chamber of Commerce Building A Shenzhen 518048 China Australian Institute of Criminology GPO Box 2944 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia ARC Centre of Excellence in Policing and Security Regulatory Institutions Network Australian National University Australia

The majority of existing escrowable identity-based key agreement protocols only provide partial forward secrecy. Such protocols are, arguably, not suitable for many real-word applications, as the latter tends to require a stronger sense of forward secrecy--perfect forward secrecy. In this paper, we propose an efficient perfect forward-secure identity-based key agreement protocol in the escrow mode. We prove the security of our protocol in the random oracle model, assuming the intractability of the Gap Bilinear Diffie-Hellman （GBDH） problem.

关键词： authenticated key agreement perfect forward secrecy bilinear pairing provable security modular security proof

Biological buffers and the impacts of climate change

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 349-354页

作者： raymond B.HUEY Lauren B.BUCKLEY Weiguo DU University of Washington SeattleWashingtonUSA Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesChina

INTRODUCTION This special issue of Integrative Zoology(the official journal of the International Society of Zoological Sciences)explores how biological buffers(behavior,plasticity and evolution)potentially alleviate negative impacts of climate *** papers result from the 9th International Symposium of Integrative Zoology,which was held in Xining,Qinghai Province,China from 27 to 31 August 2017.

关键词： journal change official

Anti-Cancer Effects of Novel Doxorubicin Prodrug PDOX in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2014年第4期34卷 521-528页

作者：张珏何良耿霞飞 raymond A. Firestone 洪亚平李雁 Department of Oncology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Nanjing Meihua Pharmaceuticals Ltd Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors & Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center

Ac-Phe-Lys-PABC-DOX（PDOX） is a smart doxorubicin（DOX） prodrug designed to decrease toxicities while maintaining the potent anticancer effects of DOX. This study was aimed at elucidating the effectiveness and toxicities of DOX and PDOX in patient-derived MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro. The MCF-7 cells were exposed to both PDOX and DOX, and cytotoxicities, cell cycle and P53/P21 signaling alterations were studied. Abundant cathepsin B was found in the MCF-7 cells, and treatment with PDOX and DOX triggered dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity and resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability. The IC50 of PDOX and DOX was 3.91 and 0.94 μmol/L, respectively. Both PDOX and DOX caused an up-regulation of the P53/P21-related signal pathway, and PDOX significantly increased expression of P53 and caspase 3, and arrested the cell cycle at the G1/G2 phase. As compared with DOX, PDOX reduced toxicities, and it may have different action mechanisms on breast cancer cells.

关键词： breast cancer doxorubicin prodrug molecular targeted therapy cathepsin B

Land use legacy for a tropical myco-heterotroph: how spatial patterns of abundance, reproductive effort and success vary

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 367-375页

作者： Stephen McAuliffe James D.Ackerman raymond L.Tremblay Department of Environmental Science Humboldt State UniversityArcataCAUSA Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and Conservation University of Puerto RicoSan JuanPRUSA Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico17 Ave Universidad Suite 1701San JuanPR 00925-2537USA Department of Biology University of Puerto RicoHumacaoPRUSA

Aims Human land use such as agriculture and logging can have cascad-ing effects on the environment and severely influence forest eco-systems by altering structure,species composition and community *** activities may have long-term consequences,which impact forest *** investigated the legacy of his-torical anthropogenic land use on the current reproductive effort(RE)and success of the understory,myco-heterotrophic orchid,Wullschlaegelia calcarata in Puerto Rico’s tropical rain forest after 80 years of forest *** Our study site was the 16-ha Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot in the Luquillo Experimental *** used six 10 m×500 m transect lines that spanned areas with differing levels of historic canopy coverage which are correlated with land use *** recorded the abundance of *** plants and measured shoot height,number of flowers,fruit set for all plants and seed set from the most mature,undehisced fruit on a random subset of plants *** sought to determine whether or not there is a legacy of land use history on the RE and success of *** the varying degrees of historic disturbance,we predicted that RE and success would be highest in minimally disturbed old-growth forest,and that soil type differences would be insufficient to affect RE or *** Findings We found 1607 plants of ***,and only one was detected in the most historically disturbed area of the *** orchids were most abundant in the two least historically disturbed ***,the prevailing trend in all measures of RE is in the opposite direction with greater RE in the forest plots with intermediate levels of histori-cal ***,the best model(as a function of AICc and weights)to predict RE is a combination of soil type and cover ***,our measures of reproductive success(fruit and seed set)were best in the least historically disturbed sites and were not associated with soil ***,the b

关键词： forest recovery Orchidaceae tropical forest disturbance ecology Wullschlaegelia

Genetic vaccination with Flt3-L and GM-CSF as adjuvants: Enhancement of cellular and humoral mmune responses that results in protective immunity in a murine model of hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第44期12卷 7118-7125页

作者： Jens Encke Jomo Bernardin Jasmin Geib Gocha Barbakadze raymond Bujdoso Wolfgang Stremmel Department of InternalMedicine IV University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld410 69120 Heidelberg Germany Department of Immunology University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 305 69120 Heidelberg Germany Department of InternalMedicine IV University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld410 69120 Heidelberg Germany Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 OES United Kingdom

AIM： To investigate whether transfection of plasmid DNA encoding these cytokines enhances both humoral and cellular immune responses to hepatitis C virus （HCV） in a murine model. METHODS： We established a tumor model of HCV infection using syngenic mouse myeloma cells stably transfected with NS5. Co-vaccination of DNA encoding granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor （GM- CSF） and Flt-3 ligand together with a plasmid encoding for the HCV NS5 protein was carried out. Mice were sacrificed 14 d after the last immunization event with collection of spleen cells and serum to determine humoral and cellular immune responses. RESULTS： Co-vaccination of DNA encoding GM-CSF and Fit-3 ligand together with a plasmid encoding for the HCV NS5 protein induced increased antibody responses and CD4＋ T cell proliferation to this protein, Vaccination with DNA encoding GM-CSF and FIt-3L promoted protection against tumor formation and/or reduction in mice co- immunized with cytokine-encoding DNA constructs, This suggests this strategy is capable of generating cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity in vivo, Following inoculation with plasmid DNA encoding Flt-3L, no increase in spleen size or in dendritic cell （DC） and natural killer cell numbers was observed. This was in contrast to a dramatic increase of both cell types after administration of recombinant Flt3-L in vivo. This suggests that vaccination with plasmid DNA encoding cytokines that regulate DC generation and mobilization may not promote unwanted side effects, such as autoimmunity, splenic fibrosis or hematopoietic malignancies that may occur with administration of recombinant forms of these proteins. CONCLUSION： Our data support the view that plasmid DNA vaccination is a promising approach for HCV immunization, and may provide a general adjuvant vaccination strategy against malignancies and other pathogens.

关键词： DNA-vaccination Dendritic cells Flt3-L granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor Hepatitis C virus

Correlations between age, Charlson score and outcome in clinical unilateral T3a prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第1期11卷 131-137页

作者： Chao-Yu Hsu Steven Joniau raymond Oyen Tania Roskams Hein Van Poppel Department of Urology Department of Radiology Department of Histopathology University Hospitals KULeuven Leuven 3000 Belgium

According to the European Association of Urology （EAU） guidelines, a life expectancy of〉 10 years is considered an important factor in the treatment of prostate cancer. The Charlson score is used to predict mortality based on comorbidities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between age, Charlson score and outcome in patients with cT3a prostate cancer. Between 1987 and 2004, 200 patients, who were with clinical T3a prostate cancer and who underwent radical prostatectomy （RP）, were previously detected by digital rectal examination （DRE）. Patients were categorized into two age groups （〈 65 and≥65 years old）. Patients were also divided into two groups according to Charlson score （ = 0 and ≥ 1）. Both age and Charlson score were analyzed regarding their predictive power of patients＇ outcomes. The mean follow-up period was 70.6 months, and the mean age of patients was 63.3 years. In all, 106 patients were 〈 65 years old and 94 patients were ≥65 years old. Age was a significant predictor of overall survival （OS）. A Charlson score of 0 was found in 110 patients, and of ≥ 1 in 90 patients. Charlson score was not a significant predictor of biochemical progression-free survival （BPFS）, clinical progression-free survival （CPFS） or OS. Cox multivariate analysis showed that margin status was a significant independent factor in BPFS, and cancer volume was a significant independent factor in CPFS. Charlson score does not influence the outcome in patients with clinical locally advanced prostate cancer. Age may influence OS. RP can be performed in motivated healthy older patients. However, the patients need to be counseled regarding possible surgery-related side effects, such as urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction, which are age- and comorbidity-dependent.

关键词： age Charlson score cT3a prostate cancer