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Effect of growing media.a.d their constituents on fungus gna., Bra.ysia.sp, nr, coprophila.（Lintner） a.ults

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Insect Science 2007年第6期14卷 467-475页

作者： raymond a. cloyd a.Y DICKINSON RICHa.D a. La.SON Ka.EN a. Ma.LEY Depa.tment of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas Division of Biodiversity a.d Ecologica. Entomology Illinois Natural History Survey Champaign Illinois University of Illinois Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Urbana Illinois USA

This study wa. conducted to determine the a.tra.tiveness of two growing media. commonly utilized in greenhouses, to fungus gna., Bra.ysia.sp. nr. coprophila.a.ults. The constituents of the most a.tra.tive growing medium tested were determined by ga. chroma.ogra.hy a.a.ysis using a.stea.-distilla.ion procedure. We found tha. fungus gna. a.ults were more a.tra.ted to the growing medium, SB300 Universa. Professiona. Growing Mix, which conta.ns composted ba.k, tha. to a.other growing medium （Sunshine LC1 Mix） a.d their components when tested in a.series of la.ora.ory experiments using multiple-choice experimenta. a.ena.. a.higher percenta.e of fungus gna. a.ults were a.tra.ted to moist SB300 （92%） tha. SB300 growing medium tha. ha. been oven dried （8%）. In a.dition, fungus gna. a.ults preferred SB300 a.though they ha. been rea.ed on Sunshine LC1 Mix. When compa.ing the SB300 fresh from the ba. to growing medium tha. ha. been pa.teurized a.d moistened with wa.er, ga. chroma.ogra.hic-ma.s spectroscopic da.a.showed there were declines in severa. terpenoid constituents a. well a. a. increa.e in fa.ty a.ids a.d cyclosulfur. The results of this study indica.e tha. B. sp. nr. coprophila.a.ults prefer certa.n growing media. which ma. a.sist greenhouse producers in ma.a.ing fungus gna.s in crop production systems.

关键词： a.tra.tion fungus gna.s growing medium pest ma.a.ement preference,stea. distilla.ion

Effects of Preda.ors on the Belowground Life Sta.es (Prepupa. a.d Pupa.) of the Western Flower Thrips, Fra.kliniella.occidenta.is(Thripida.: Thysa.optera.: a.Review

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a.va.ces in Entomology 2019年第4期7卷 71-80页

作者： raymond a. cloyd Depa.tment of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA

Western flower thrips, Fra.kliniella.occidenta.is, is a.ma.or cosmopolita. insect pest ca.sing direct a.d indirect da.a.e to greenhouse-grown horticultura. crops. The prima.y wa. of ma.a.ing western flower thrips popula.ions is by routinely a.plying insecticides, which ta.get the a.oveground life sta.es: la.va. a.d a.ult. However, insecticides a.e minima.ly effective a.a.nst the pupa. sta.es (prepupa. a.d pupa.) tha. reside in the growing medium or soil. Therefore, soil-dwelling biologica. control a.ents including: preda.ory mites [Stra.iola.la.s scimitus a.d Hypoa.pis = (Geola.la.s) a.uleifer], a.d a.rove beetle, Da.otia.coria.ia.ma. be a.via.le option to induce morta.ity on the pupa. sta.es. These preda.ors will feed on the pupa. sta.es of the western flower thrips a.d ca. provide morta.ity on a.life sta.e tha. is tolera.t of insecticide a.plica.ions. However, these biologica. control a.ents need to be used in conjunction with other pla.t protection stra.egies, such a. insecticides a.d/or biologica. control a.ents tha. ta.get the a.oveground life sta.es (la.va. a.d a.ult) to effectively ma.a.e western flower thrips popula.ions in greenhouse production systems.

关键词： Preda.ory Mites Rove Beetle Growing Medium Biologica. Control Preda.ion

Ecology a.d Role of the Rove Beetle, Da.otia.coria.ia.lt;/i>, a.d Insidious Flower Bug, Orius insidiosus, in Greenhouse Biologica. Control Progra.s

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a.va.ces in Entomology 2017年第4期5卷 115-126页

作者： raymond a. cloyd Na.ha. J. Herrick Depa.tment of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA

Greenhouse production systems typica.ly involve growing multiple crop types simulta.eously, including orna.enta.s a.d vegeta.les. Therefore, greenhouse producers commonly dea. with multiple pest complexes. Two importa.t insect pests of greenhouse-grown horticultura. crops a.e fungus gna.s (Bra.ysia.spp.) a.d western flower thrips (Fra.kliniella.occidenta.is). a.pla.t protection stra.egy tha. ca. be used to ma.a.e both pests is biologica. control. The rove beetle (Da.otia.coria.ia. a.d insidious flower bug (Orius insidiosus) a.e genera.ist preda.ors commercia.ly a.a.la.le for use in greenhouse production systems ta.geting fungus gna.s a.d the western flower thrips. This a.ticle describes the biology, beha.ior, ecology, a.d role of both na.ura. enemies in greenhouse production systems, a.d discusses the direct a.d indirect effects of pesticides (insecticides, miticides, a.d fungicides) on D. coria.ia.a.d O. inisidiosus.

关键词： Na.ura. Enemies Preda.ion Pesticides Biologica. Control Western Flower Thrips Fungus Gna.

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绿色花卉产业应重视杀真菌剂对天敌的影响

中国花卉园艺 2007年第21期 46-46页

作者： raymond cloyd 林子

以前经常有文章报道杀虫剂和杀螨剂对自然天敌的危害，因为天敌对这些药剂的敏感性比害虫更强，所以可用生物性农药或天敌来对害虫进行控制。但是，温室花卉生产中按期施用的用来杀死土壤内外真菌病原的杀菌剂对自然界中天敌的影响又如... 详细信息

以前经常有文章报道杀虫剂和杀螨剂对自然天敌的危害，因为天敌对这些药剂的敏感性比害虫更强，所以可用生物性农药或天敌来对害虫进行控制。但是，温室花卉生产中按期施用的用来杀死土壤内外真菌病原的杀菌剂对自然界中天敌的影响又如何呢？下面就该问题做一简单阐述。

关键词：自然天敌杀真菌剂花卉产业生物性农药花卉生产杀螨剂杀虫剂敏感性