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Prevalence of Dyslipidemia among Patients Received at the Biochemistry Unit of the Charles de Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital in Ouagadougou

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 16-26页

作者： Fabienne Marie Soudre Arnaud Kouraogo Alice Kiba Ollo Da Mahutin Benoîte Hounhoui Diema Nadia Karama Seraphine Mano Denis Claude Drabo Augustin Kyetega raoul Karfo Elie Kabre Jean Sakande Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Charles de Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Health Sciences Institute Nazi BONI University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Biochemistry Unit Sourou Sanou University Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Tengandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Health Sciences Saint Thomas d’Aquin University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Agency for Environmental Food Labor and Health Product Safety Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease represents a major public health burden worldwide. Research and management of risk factors contribute to the prevention of these diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the biochemistry unit of the Charles De Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital (CHUP-CDG) in Ouagadougou. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022. Patients of all ages who performed a lipid panel in the CHUP-CDG biochemistry unit during the study period have been included. Results: A total of 2872 patients have been included. The mean age of the study population was 27.72 ± 19.51 years and the M/F sex ratio was 0.81. Among the patients, 22.84% had at least one dyslipidemia. The prevalences of hypercholesterolemia, hypo-HDL cholesterolemia and hyper-LDL cholesterolemia were 11.57%, 49.19% and 57.50% respectively. Hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia were present in 9.04% and 2.08% of patients. Hypercholesterolemia was significantly more frequent in the female sex (p = 0.0077);hyper-LDL cholesterolemia (p = 0.0255) and mixed hyperlipidemia (p Conclusion: The relatively high prevalence of dyslipidemia in the study indicates a worrying situation. It would therefore appear essential to extend the search for risk factors nationwide, particularly those that can be modified, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality linked to cardiovascular disease.

关键词： Dyslipidemia Lipid Profile Lipid Abnormalities Prevalence Burkina Faso

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Photosynthetic, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Tomato Plants to Polyethylene Glycol-Induced Water Deficit

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第12期47卷 1470-1478页

作者： Hatem ZGALLAI Kathy STEPPE raoul LEMEUR Laboratory of Plant Ecology Ghent University Coupure Links 653 B-9000 Ghent Belgium

Polyethylene glycol （PEG 6000）-induced water deficit causes physiological as well as biochemical changes in plants. The present study reports on the results of such changes in hydroponically grown tomato plants （Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Nikita）. Plants were subjected to moderate and severe levels of water stress （i.e. water potentials in the nutrient solution of- 0.51 and -1.22 MPa, respectively）. Water stress markedly affected the parameters of gas exchange. Net photosynthetic rate （Pn） decreased with the induction of water stress. Accordingly, a decrease in the transpiration rate （E） was observed. The ratio of both （Pn/E） resulted in a decrease in water use efficiency. One of the possible reasons for the reduction in Pn is structural damage to the thylakoids, which affects the photosynthetic transport of electrons. This was indicated by an increase in non-photochemical quenching and a reduction in the quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ. Furthermore, a decrease in both leaf water potential and leaf osmotic potential was observed, which resulted in a significant osmotic adjustment during stress conditions. Analysis of the physiological responses was complemented with a study on changes in proline content. In stressed plants, a 10-fold increase in proline content was detected compared with control plants. It is clear that water stress tolerance is the result of a cumulative action of various physiological and biochemical processes, all of which were affected by PEG 6000-induced water stress.

关键词： fluorescence Lycopersicon esculentum net photosynthetic rate osmotic adjustment proline water potential water stress water use efficiency.

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Effects of Different Levels of Water Stress on Leaf Water Potential,Stomatal Resistance,Protein and Chlorophyll Content and Certain Anti-oxidative Enzymes in Tomato Plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第6期48卷 679-685页

作者： Hatem Zgalla Kathy Steppe raoul Lemeur Laboratory of Plant Ecology Ghent University Coupure Links 653B-9000 GhentBelgium

A greenhouse experlment was performed In order to Investigate the effects of dlfferent levels of water stress on leaf water potentlal （ψw）, stomatal resistance （rs）, protein content and chlorophyll （Chl） content of tomato plants （Lycoperslcon esculentum Mill. cv. Nlkita）. Water stress was Induced by addlng polyethylene glycol （PEG 6 000） to the nutrlent solution to reduce the osmotlc potential （ψs）. We Investlgated the behavlor of antl-oxldant enzymes, such as catalase （CAT） and superoxide dlsmutase （SOD）, durlng the development of water stress. Moderate and severe water stress （i.e. ψs= -0.51 and -1.22 MPa, respectlvely） caused a decrease In ψw for all treated （water-stressed） plants compared with control plants, wlth the reductlon belng more pronounced for severely stressed plants. In addltion, rs was slgnlflcantly affected by the Induced water stress and a decrease in leaf soluble protelns and Chl content was observed. Whereas CAT actlvlty remained constant, SOD actlvlty was increased in water-stressed plants compared wlth unstressed plants. These results Indicate the possible role of SOD as an anti-oxidant protector system for plants under water stress condltlons. Moreover, It suggests the possibllity of using this enzyme as an addltional screening crlterlon for detecting water stress in plants.

关键词： catalase chlorophyll drought Lycopersicon esculentum oxidative stress stomatal resistance superoxide dismutase water potential water stress.

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OTX2 signaling in retinal dysfunction,degeneration and regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2002-2003页

作者： Kenneth.L.Moya raoul Torero Ibad Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology(CIRB) Collège de FranceCNRS UMR 7241INSERM U1050Labex MemoLifePSL Research UniversityParisFrance(Moya KLIbad RT)Univ.LilleCNRSUMR 8523-PhLAM-Physique des Lasers Atomes et MoléculesF-59000 LilleFrance(Ibad RT)

The protein OTX2 in the retina is necessary for the maintenance of normal physiologic processes,and may be a promising therapeutic agent for some ophthalmic *** this Perspective,we first shortly introduce the organization of the retina and the importance of OTX2 *** then present an example of reduced OTX2 activity in the developed retina associated with structural and functional *** next show that homeoproteins can have neuroprotective *** finally review several clear examples of OTX2 non-cell autonomous activity in the retina and the effects of diminishing or providing extracellular OTX2.

关键词： expression. functions. agent

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Loco-regional treatments of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:safety first

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第2期11卷 324-326页

作者： Jean-Luc raoul Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest NantesFrance

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a severe liver cancer that complicates underlying severe liver *** a long time,palliative treatment of unresectable HCC was loco-regional and based on tumor arterial hypervascularization and intra-tumor retention of Lipiodol when injected *** 1995,it was demonstrated that transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)reduced tumor growth and size,but did not significantly improve survival,because any benefit was offset by worsened liver function(1).Despite the failure to demonstrate improved survival,TACE remained the most commonly used palliative treatment worldwide for many *** 2002,two RCTs demonstrated the efficacy of TACE,but only in highly selected patients(2).The good indications for TACE were limited to certain intermediate stage HCC,PS 0(or possibly 1),with preserved liver function(Child-Pugh A without ascites),without vascular invasion,and had to be carried out in a selective manner to minimize the ischemic insult to non-tumoral tissue(3,4).In scores evaluating survival after a first TACE,the parameters linked to liver toxicity were more important than tumor response!In a recent comparison of TACE with lenvatinib,TACE but not lenvatinib was responsible for a severe decrease in the liver function(evaluating by the ALBI score)from baseline,and this acute deterioration persisted in the chronic period(5).The price to pay for the efficacy of TACE is thus liver function.

关键词： treatment spite invasion

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COME ON,BUDDHIST NUN"——ON A CHINESE TRANSLATION CONTROVERSY INSPIRED BY NIETZSCHE APHORISMS IN 1925-26

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中国翻译 2002年第3期23卷 14-18页

作者： raoul David Findeisen Ruhr University Bochum

This study takes as a point of departure a Chinese translation from one single chapter of Nietzsches work Beyond Good and Evil (1886) prepared in 1925. It focuses on the controversy that soon broke out and resulted in not less than four different versions of one single Nietzsche aphorism published within one year. Closer scrutiny reveals that the yet unnoticed controversy may be seen as an indicator of a sociological shift in translation work, marked by the move to a paradigm of first-hand mediation. Briefly tracing the channel via Japanese and/or English intermediary sources, then well-established for some three decades, it concludes that despite contrary, claim in contemporary discussions, conceptual and thus misreadings presented transcultural obstacles rather than linguistic obstacles. It therefore opts for reading translations as sources for the intellectual landscape in the target audience in a given historical moment, hitherto considered deficient.

关键词：翻译学尼采翻译方法民族文化

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Vocal repertoire of the New Zealand kea parrot Nestor notabilis

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Current Zoology 2012年第5期58卷 727-740页

作者： raoul SCHWING Stuart PARSONS Ximena J. NELSON School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland New Zealand School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch New Zealand

The unique alpine-living kea parrot Nestor notabilis has been the focus of numerous cognitive studies, but its com- munication system has so far been largely neglected. We examined 2,884 calls recorded in New Zealand＇s Southern Alps. Based on audio and visual spectrographic differences, these calls were categorised into seven distinct call types： the non-oscillating ＇screech＇ contact call and ＇mew＇; and the oscillating ＇trill＇, ＇chatter＇, ＇warble＇ and ＇whistle＇; and a hybrid ＇screech-trill＇. Most of these calls contained aspects that were individually unique, in addition to potentially encoding for an individual＇s sex and age. Additionally, for each recording, the sender＇s previous and next calls were noted, as well as any response given by conspecifics. We found that the previous and next calls made by the sender were most often of the same type, and that the next most likely pre- ceding and/or following call type was the screech call, a contact call which sounds like the ＇kee-ah＇ from which the bird＇s name derives. As a social bird capable of covering large distances over visually obstructive terrain, long distance contact calls may be of considerable importance for social cohesion. Contact calls allow kea to locate conspecifics and congregate in temporary groups for social activities. The most likely response to any given call was a screech, usually followed by the same type of call as the ini- tial call made by the sender, although responses differed depending on the age of the caller. The exception was the warble, the kea＇s play call, to which the most likely response was another warble. Being the most common call type, as well as the default response to another call, it appears that the ＇contagious＇ screech contact call plays a central role in kea vocal communication and social cohesion [Current Zoology 58 （5）： 727-740, 2012].

关键词： Acoustic signals Communication Kea Psittacidae Social behaviour Habitat

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Environmental factors determining growth of salamander larvae： A field study

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Current Zoology 2015年第3期61卷 421-427页

作者： Laura LIMONGI Gentile francesco FICETOLA Giuseppe ROMEO raoul MANENTI Dipartimento di Bioscienze Universita degli Studi di Milano Via Celoria 26 20133 Milano Italy Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio e di Scienze della Terra UniversitA degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca. Piaz- za della Scienza 1 20126 Milano Italy Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Universit6 Grenoble Alpes F-38000 Grenoble France CNRS LECA F-38000 Grenoble France

Larval growth and survival of organisms are strongly influenced by abiotic and biotic factors, as demonstrated by ex- perimental studies performed under controlled laboratory or semi-natural conditions. Even if they have many advantages, ex- periments cannot cover the full complexity of natural conditions and field studies are needed for a better understanding of how environmental variation determines growth and development rate. Fire salamander Salamandra salamandra females give birth to larvae in a variety of habitats, both epigean and subterranean. In caves, salamander larvae successfully grow and metamorphose, but their growth is more than three times longer than in epigean streams and factors determining these differences require inves- tigation. We performed a field study to understand the factors related to the growth of fire salamander larvae in different envi- ronmental conditions, evaluating the relationship between environmental features and larval growth and differences between caves and epigean spring habitats. Both caves and epigean larvae successfully grew. Capture-mark-recapture allowed to individu- ally track individuals along their whole development, and measure their performance. Growth rate was significantly affected by environmental variables： larvae grew faster in environments with abundant invertebrates and few conspeciflcs. Taking into ac- count the effect of environmental variables, larval growth was significantly lower in caves. Food availability plays a different ef- fect in the two environments. Larval growth was positively related to the availability of invertebrates in epigean sites only. The development rate of hypogeous populations of salamanders is slower because of multiple parameters, but biotic factors play a much stronger role than the abiotic ones

关键词： Spring Freshwater Cave Amphibians Salamandra Cannibalism

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Using machine learning models to explore the solution space of large nonlinear systems underlying flowsheet simulations with constraints

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第2期16卷 183-197页

作者： Patrick Otto Ludl raoul Heese Johannes Höller Norbert Asprion Michael Bortz Fraunhofer ITWM Optimization Department Kaiserslautern 67663Germany Chemical and Process Engineering BASF SE Ludwigshafen 67056Germany

Flowsheet simulations of chemical processes on an industrial scale require the solution of large systems of nonlinear equations,so that solvability becomes a practical *** constraints from technical,economic,environmental,and safety considerations may further limit the feasible solution space beyond the convergence requirement.A priori,the design variable domains for which a simulation converges and fulfills the imposed constraints are usually unknown and it can become very time-consuming to distinguish feasible from infeasible design variable choices by simply running the simulation for each *** support the exploration of the design variable space for such scenarios,an adaptive sampling technique based on machine learning models has recently been ***,that approach only considers the exploration of the convergent domain and ignores additional *** this paper,we present an improvement which particularly takes the fulfillment of constraints into *** successfully apply the proposed algorithm to a toy example in up to 20 dimensions and to an industrially relevant flowsheet simulation.

关键词： machine learning flowsheet simulations constraints exploration

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Additive manufacturing and 3D printing of metallic biomaterials

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Engineered Regeneration 2021年第1期2卷 288-299页

作者： Kaitlyn Chua Irfaan Khan raoul Malhotra Donghui Zhu Department of Biomedical Engineering Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUnited States

The advancements of 3D printing technology have been combined with the use of metallic biomaterials to cre-ate devices and products for the biomedical field.3D printing has been a revolutionary process that makes the fabrication of metallic biomedical devices highly specific and simultaneously easier than other fabrication *** purpose and overall function of each medical device created is dependent on the type of metal used along with its fabrication *** this review paper,the major characteristics of metallic biomaterials,includ-ing iron,magnesium,zinc,titanium,cobalt,and stainless steel,will be *** considerations of these metallic biomaterials include degradation rate,biocompatibility,and mechanical properties will be ***,various additive manufacturing processes will be *** on the 3D printing method and the use of specific alloys,these properties can be altered to optimize their functionality for purposes such as bone implants,stents,and other devices.

关键词： 3D bioprinting Metallic biomaterials Alloys Biodegradable Implants

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