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水稻突变体pe-1对弱光胁迫的响应机制

植物学报 2024年第4期59卷 574-584页

作者：黄佳慧杨惠敏陈欣雨朱超宇江亚楠胡程翔连锦瑾芦涛路梅张维林饶玉春浙江师范大学生命科学学院

以γ射线诱变籼稻双科早(***.‘Shuangkezao’)获得的早熟鲜绿突变体pe-1为实验材料,在三叶期和分蘖期进行弱光胁迫,探讨pe-1与野生型在形态特征、非生物胁迫相关酶活性及其调控基因表达量、叶绿素含量、叶绿体合成与降解及光形态建成... 详细信息

以γ射线诱变籼稻双科早(***.‘Shuangkezao’)获得的早熟鲜绿突变体pe-1为实验材料,在三叶期和分蘖期进行弱光胁迫,探讨pe-1与野生型在形态特征、非生物胁迫相关酶活性及其调控基因表达量、叶绿素含量、叶绿体合成与降解及光形态建成相关基因表达对弱光响应的差异。结果表明,与野生型相比,弱光胁迫后, pe-1叶片黄化程度显著降低,株高和叶面积显著增加;三叶期和分蘖期的叶片中不同叶绿素含量变化不同。此外, pe-1叶绿素含量增加,且其抗氧化应激反应相关酶过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性及相关基因的表达量均高于野生型,表明在弱光胁迫下pe-1活性氧清除能力增强,适应能力更强。pe-1的光形态建成相关基因表达量高于野生型,表明弱光处理下pe-1的光接收能力更强。综上, pe-1突变体具有抵御弱光胁迫的潜力,该结果有助于耐弱光水稻品种的选育。

关键词：水稻 pe-1 弱光胁迫光形态建成叶绿素叶绿体合成与降解

水稻中乙烯生物合成关键酶OsACS和OsACO调控机制研究进展

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植物学报 2024年第2期59卷 291-301页

作者：夏婧饶玉春曹丹芸王逸柳林昕徐雅婷牟望舒薛大伟杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院杭州311121 浙江师范大学生命科学学院金华321004

乙烯在调控水稻(Oryzasativa)生长发育及胁迫响应中具有重要作用。乙烯生物合成的第1步是甲硫氨酸转化为S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(SAM),然后在ACC合酶(ACS)的催化下合成乙烯前体物质ACC,最后通过ACC氧化酶(ACO)生成乙烯。该文综述了水稻乙烯生物... 详细信息

乙烯在调控水稻(Oryzasativa)生长发育及胁迫响应中具有重要作用。乙烯生物合成的第1步是甲硫氨酸转化为S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(SAM),然后在ACC合酶(ACS)的催化下合成乙烯前体物质ACC,最后通过ACC氧化酶(ACO)生成乙烯。该文综述了水稻乙烯生物合成途径中2个关键酶OsACS和OsACO在转录及翻译后的调控机制,提出了一些未解决的问题,并展望了未来的研究方向,以期加深人们对乙烯生物合成复杂机制的理解。

关键词：乙烯生物合成 ACS ACO 调控机制水稻

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Development and Application of Prime Editing in Plants

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Rice science 2023年第6期30卷 509-522页

作者： LIU Tingting ZOU Jinpeng YANG Xi WANG Kejian rao yuchun WANG Chun State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)-mediated genome editing has greatly accelerated progress in plant genetic research and agricultural breeding by enabling targeted genomic ***,the prime editing system,derived from the CRISPR/Cas system,has opened the door for even more precise genome *** editing has the capability to facilitate all 12 types of base-to-base conversions,as well as desired insertions or deletions of fragments,without inducing double-strand breaks and requiring donor DNA *** a short time,prime editing has been rapidly verified as functional in various plants,and can be used in plant genome functional analysis as well as precision breeding of *** this review,we summarize the emergence and development of prime editing,highlight recent advances in improving its efficiency in plants,introduce the current applications of prime editing in plants,and look forward to future prospects for utilizing prime editing in genetic improvement and precision molecular breeding.

关键词： prime editing CRISPR/Cas precision genome editing crop breeding

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水稻蒸煮品质相关QTL定位及候选基因分析

生物工程学报 2024年第1期40卷 122-136页

作者：乐巧娜黄梓雯戴若惠李三峰李梦佳方媛王跃星饶玉春浙江师范大学生命科学学院浙江金华321004 中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室浙江杭州310006

挖掘与稻米蒸煮品质相关的数量性状基因座(quantitative trait locus,QTL),分析候选基因,并通过遗传育种手段改良稻米蒸煮品质相关性状,可有效提升稻米的口感。以籼稻华占(Huazhan,HZ)、粳稻热研2号(Nekken2)及由其构建的120个重组自交... 详细信息

挖掘与稻米蒸煮品质相关的数量性状基因座(quantitative trait locus,QTL),分析候选基因,并通过遗传育种手段改良稻米蒸煮品质相关性状,可有效提升稻米的口感。以籼稻华占(Huazhan,HZ)、粳稻热研2号(Nekken2)及由其构建的120个重组自交系(recombinant inbred lines,RILs)群体为实验材料,测定成熟期稻米的糊化温度(gelatinization temperature,GT)、胶稠度(gel consistency,GC)和直链淀粉含量(amylose content,AC)。结合高密度分子遗传图谱进行QTL定位,共检测到26个与稻米蒸煮品质相关的QTLs(糊化温度相关位点1个、胶稠度相关位点13个、直链淀粉含量相关位点12个),其中最高奇数的可能性(likelihood of odd,LOD)值达30.24。通过实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,qRT-PCR)分析定位区间内候选基因的表达量,发现6个基因在双亲间的表达量差异显著,推测LOC_Os04g20270和LOC_Os11g40100的高表达可能会极大地提高稻米的胶稠度,而LOC_Os01g04920和LOC_Os02g17500的高表达以及LOC_Os03g02650和LOC_Os05g25840的低表达有助于降低直链淀粉含量。这些结果为培育优质水稻新品种奠定了分子基础,并为揭示稻米蒸煮品质的分子调控机制提供了重要的遗传资源。

关键词：水稻蒸煮品质数量性状基因座(QTL)分析候选基因

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水稻白叶枯病抗性遗传解析

生物工程学报 2024年第4期40卷 1040-1049页

作者：刘玉婷袁筱萍杨惠敏黄佳慧朱哲楠卢钿钿沈思怡杨窑龙饶玉春浙江师范大学生命科学学院浙江金华321004 中国水稻研究所水稻生物育种全国重点实验室浙江杭州311400

水稻白叶枯病是水稻主要的病害之一,对水稻生产具有重要的意义。本研究以国外引进粳稻品种Maybelle与地方籼稻品种白叶秋为亲本构建而成的加倍单倍体(doubled haploid,DH)群体为材料,调查了4个白叶枯病致病小种的致病性。结果表明,各小... 详细信息

水稻白叶枯病是水稻主要的病害之一,对水稻生产具有重要的意义。本研究以国外引进粳稻品种Maybelle与地方籼稻品种白叶秋为亲本构建而成的加倍单倍体(doubled haploid,DH)群体为材料,调查了4个白叶枯病致病小种的致病性。结果表明,各小种的致病性在DH群体间呈现连续分布,并伴有一定的超亲变异。而且,各个致病小种的致病性具有一定的相关性,相关系数处在0.3与0.6之间。数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)分析共检测到12个QTL,分别位于水稻第1、2、3、5、6、7、9和12号染色体,贡献率介于4.95%−16.05%之间,其中位于5号染色体上的RM6024−RM163区间在3个致病小种中均检测到,并且是效应最大的主效QTL。另外,QTL座位的聚合进一步表明,通过不同的QTL座位的聚合能够显著提高水稻白叶枯病的抗性。该研究对拓宽我国白叶枯病抗性基因资源具有重要的意义。

关键词：白叶枯病数量性状位点(QTL) 水稻基因聚合

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A rice XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE gene regulates leaf senescence and response to abiotic stresses

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The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 310-322页

作者： Jiangmin Xu Chenyang Pan Han Lin Hanfei Ye Sheng Wang Tao Lu Qianyu Chen Kairu Yang Mei Lu Qian Qian Deyong Ren yuchun rao College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004ZhejiangChina State Key Lab for Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina

Xanthine dehydrogenase, a member of the molybdenum enzyme family, participates in purine metabolism and catalyzes the generation of ureides from xanthine and hypoxanthine. However, the mechanisms by which xanthine dehydrogenase affects rice growth and development are poorly understood. In the present study, we identified a mutant with early leaf senescence and reduced tillering that we named early senescence and less-tillering 1(esl1). Map-based cloning revealed that ESL1 encodes a xanthine dehydrogenase, and it was expressed in all tissues. Chlorophyll content was reduced and chloroplast maldevelopment was severe in the esl1 mutant. Mutation of ESL1 led to decreases in allantoin, allantoate, and ABA contents. Further analysis revealed that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in esl1 resulted in decreased photosynthesis and impaired chloroplast development, along with increased sensitivity to abscisic acid and abiotic stresses. Ttranscriptome analysis showed that the ESL1 mutation altered the expression of genes involved in the photosynthesis process and reactive oxygen species *** results suggest that ESL1 is involved in purine metabolism and the induction of leaf *** findings reveal novel molecular mechanisms of ESL1 gene-mediated plant growth and leaf senescence.

关键词： Xanthine dehydrogenase Leaf senescence Abiotic stresses Purine metabolism

Disruption of LEAF LESION MIMIC 4 affects ABA synthesis and ROS accumulation in rice

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作物学报:英文版 2023年第5期11卷 1341-1352页

作者： Hao Wu Gaoxing Dai rao yuchun Kaixiong Wu Junge Wang Peng Hu Yi Wen Yueying Wang Lixin Zhu Bingze Chai Jialong Liu Guofu Deng Qian Qian Jiang Hu Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory Guangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning 530007GuangxiChina State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004ZhejiangChina

Lesion mimic mutants(LMMs) are advantageous materials for studying programmed cell death(PCD).Although some rice LMM genes have been cloned, the diversity of functions of these genes indicates that the mechanism of cell death regulation in LMMs needs further study. In this study, we identified a rice light-dependent leaf lesion mimic mutant 4(llm4) that showed abnormal chloroplast structure, photoinhibition, reduced photosynthetic protein levels, massive accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS), and PCD. Map-based cloning and complementation testing revealed that LLM4 encodes zeaxanthin epoxidase(ZEP), an enzyme involved in the xanthophyll cycle, which functions in plant photoprotection,ROS scavenging, and carotenoid and abscisic acid(ABA) biosynthesis. The ABA content was decreased,and the contents of 24 carotenoids differed between the llm4 mutant and the wild type(WT). The llm4mutant showed reduced dormancy and greater sensitive to ABA than the WT. We concluded that the mutation of LLM4 resulted in the failure of xanthophyll cycle, in turn causing ROS accumulation. The excessive ROS accumulation damaged chloroplast structure and induced PCD, leading eventually to the formation of lesion mimics.

关键词： Rice Lesion mimic Reactive oxygen species Programmed cell death Zeaxanthin epoxidase Xanthophyll cycle Carotenoid Abscisic acid

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水稻穗部性状QTL定位及候选基因分析

植物学报 2024年第2期59卷 217-230页

作者：朱超宇胡程翔朱哲楠张芷宁汪理海陈钧李三峰连锦瑾唐璐瑶钟芊芊殷文晶王跃星饶玉春浙江师范大学生命科学学院中国水稻研究所水稻生物育种全国重点实验室

水稻(Oryza sativa)穗部性状与产量直接相关,其相关基因的挖掘与功能解析对于保障国家粮食安全意义重大。以籼稻华占(HZ)和粳稻热研2号(Nekken2)及构建的120个重组自交系(RILs)为实验材料,测定了穗长、每穗粒数、结实率、柱头外露率及... 详细信息

水稻(Oryza sativa)穗部性状与产量直接相关,其相关基因的挖掘与功能解析对于保障国家粮食安全意义重大。以籼稻华占(HZ)和粳稻热研2号(Nekken2)及构建的120个重组自交系(RILs)为实验材料,测定了穗长、每穗粒数、结实率、柱头外露率及一次枝梗数等穗部性状。结合高密度分子遗传图谱进行QTL定位,结果共检测到31个QTLs,分别位于第1、2、3、4、5、6、10和11号染色体上,其中2个位点的LOD值分别高达5.45与5.28。通过分析筛选QTL区间内可能影响穗部性状的相关基因,并利用qRT-PCR进行基因表达检测,发现LOC＿Os05g05490、LOC＿Os05g06150、LOC＿Os03g11700、LOC＿Os03g12430、LOC＿Os05g28720、LOC＿Os05g30890、LOC＿Os05g31740和LOC＿Os02g17880在双亲间的表达水平差异显著。其中,前5个基因编码三角状五肽重复蛋白,而后3个基因编码糖基转移酶。研究挖掘到31个与穗部性状相关的QTLs,为进一步定位和克隆相关基因,从而选育高产水稻新品种奠定理论基础。

关键词：水稻穗部性状 QTL定位候选基因高产

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Chlorophyllide-a Oxygenase 1(OsCAO1) Over-Expression Affects Rice Photosynthetic Rate and Grain Yield

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Rice science 2023年第2期30卷 87-91,I0002-I0006页

作者： HU Ping MA Jie KANG Shujing LI Sanfeng WU Xianmei ZENG Longjun LU Caolin HE Rui HE Huiying SHANG Lianguang rao yuchun ZHU Xudong XIONG Guosheng QIAN Qian GUO Longbiao WANG Yuexing State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China Plant Phenomics Research Center Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

Leaf color and photosynthesis are important factors for rice growth and ***,improving the photosynthetic rate is an effective approach for increasing rice *** isolated a gene,chlorophyllide-a oxygenase 1(OsCAO1),which... 详细信息

关键词： OsCAO1 development Oxygen