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Effect of Plant Growth Stimulants on alfalfa Response to Salt Stress

Agricultural Sciences 2017年第4期8卷 267-291页

作者： Mahmoud El-Sharkawy Talaat El-Beshsbeshy rania al-shal ali Missaoui Soil Science and Water Department Faculty of Agriculture Tanta University Tanta Egypt Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics and Genomics University of Georgia Athens USA

Salinity is a major impediment to crop production. This study was undertaken to compare the effect of seaweed extract, humic acid, and potassium sulfate nanoparticles in alleviating salt stress in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Seeds of ten alfalfa genotypes were germinated in a growth chamber at five salt concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.00%). Salt concentrations above 1% reduced seed germination by more than 70% in most genotypes. One salt tolerant genotype (Mesa-Sirsa) and one salt sensitive (Bulldog 505) were selected and planted in greenhouse pots containing 2 kg of sand and subjected to two salt levels (10 and 15 dS· m-1). Four treatments consisting of 1) control (Hoagland solution, no-salt), 2) seaweed extract at 4 Kg·ha-1, 3) humic acid at 28 L· ha-1, and 4) potassium sulfate at 300 Kg· ha-1. Plant biomass was reduced under both salt concentrations in both genotypes, with a greater magnitude in the salt sensitive genotype. Application of seaweed extract resulted in higher relative water content and proline under both salt concentrations (10 and 15 dS·m-1) in the salt sensitive genotype, and lower electrolyte leakage in both salt tolerant and salt sensitive genotypes, under both salt concentrations. Seaweed extract also resulted in higher catalase and SOD activities in both genotypes under 10 dS·m-1. Catalase and SOD activities were associated with significantly (p all, seaweed extract seemed to have a positive effect in alleviating salt stress in alfalfa.

关键词： Biological Growth Stimulants Humic Acid Salt Stress Seaweed Extract Potassium Nanoparticles

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Response of alfalfa under Salt Stress to the Application of Potassium Sulfate Nanoparticles

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第8期8卷 1751-1773页

作者： Mahmoud Samir El-Sharkawy Talaat Rizk El-Beshsbeshy Esawy Kasem Mahmoud Nasser Ibrahim Abdelkader rania Mohamed al-shal ali M. Missaoui Soil Science and Water Department Faculty of Agriculture Tanta University Tanta Egypt Department of Crop and Soil Sciences and Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics and Genomics University of Georgia Athens GA USA

A greenhouse study was conducted to explore the effect of various rates of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) nanoparticles on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) growth and physiological response under salt stress. One salt-tolerant genotype (Mesa-Sirsa) and one salt-sensitive genotype (Bulldog 505) were selected based on germination under salt and were planted in pots containing 2 kg of sand. The two genotypes were subjected to 0 and 6 dS·m-1 salt levels using CaCl2·2H2O: NaCl (2:1) mixed with Hoagland solution. Three K2SO4 nanoparticle treatments consisting of, 1/4, 1/8, and 1/10 of the potassium (K) level in full strength Hoagland solution (235 mg·L-1) were applied. Adding K2SO4 nanoparticles at the 1/8 level resulted in the highest shoot dry weight, relative yield, root length and root dry weight in both genotypes. The different rates of K2SO4 nanoparticles affected significantly Na/K ratio and the concentrations of Calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), and Zinc (Zn) in plant tissue. The application of K2SO4 nanoparticles at the 1/8 rate enhanced the plant’s physiological response to salt stress by reducing electrolyte leakage, increasing catalase and proline content, and increasing antioxidant enzymes, activity. These results suggest that the application of K nanoparticles may have better efficiency than conventional K fertilizers in providing adequate plant nutrition and overcoming the negative effects of salt stress in alfalfa.

关键词： alfalfa Nanoparticles Salt Stress Potassium

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