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Optimal Designs for Genomic Selection in Hybrid Crops

Molecular Plant 2019年第3期12卷 390-401页

作者： Tingting Guo Xiaoqing Yu Xianran Li Haozhe Zhang Chengsong Zhu Sherry Flint-Garcia Michael D.McMullen james B.Holland Stephen j.Szalma randall j.wisser jianming Yu Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA Department of Statistics Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA USDA-ARS and Division of Plant Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA USDA-ARS and Department of Crop and Soil Sciences North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695USA Department of Plant and Soil Sciences University of DelawareNewarkDE19716USA

Improved capacity of genomics and biotechnology has greatly enhanced genetic studies in different areas. Genomic selection exploits the geno type-to-phe no type relationship at the whole-ge nome level and is being implemented in many crops? Here we show that design-thinking and data-mining techniques can be leveraged to optimize genomic prediction of hybrid performance? We phenotyped a set of 276 maize hybrids generated by crossing founder inbreds of nested association mapping populations for flowering time, ear height, and grain yield? With 10 296 310 SNPs available from the parental inbreds, we explored the pat? terns of genomic relati on ships and phenotypic variation to establish training samples based on clustering, graphic n etwork analysis, and genetic mating scheme ? Our analysis showed that training set desig ns outperformed random sampling and earlier methods that either minimize the mean of prediction error variance or maximize the mean of generalized coefficient of determination. Additional analyses of 2556 wheat hybrids from an early-stage hybrid breeding system and 1439 rice hybrids from an established hybrid breeding system validated the approaches. Together, we dem on strated that effective genomic predicti on models can be established with a training set 2%-13% of the size of the whole set, enabling an efficient exploration of enormous inf ere nee space of gen etic combi nations.

关键词： data mining molecular breeding genomic relationship genomic selection optimal design

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DOCK8 regulates signal transduction events to control immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第5期14卷 406-411页

作者： Conor j Kearney Katrina L randall jane Oliaro Immune Defence Laboratory Cancer Immunology Division The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre East Melbourne Victoria 3002 Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease The John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Acton Australian Capital Territory 2601 Australia Australian National University Medical School Australian National University Acton Australian Capital Territory 2605 Australia

Genetic mutations in the gene encoding DOCK8 cause an autosomal recessive form of hyper immunoglobulin E syndrome （AR-HIES）, referred to as DOCK8 deficiency. DOCK8 deficiency in humans results in the onset of combined immunodeficiency disease （CID）, clinically associated with chronic infections with diverse microbial pathogens, and a predisposition to malignancy. It is now becoming clear that DOCK8 regulates the function of diverse immune cell sub-types, particularly lymphocytes, to drive both innate and adaptive immune responses. Early studies demonstrated that DOCK8 is required for lymphocyte survival, migration and immune synapse formation, which translates to poor pathogen control in the absence of DOCK8. However, more recent advances have pointed to a crucial role for DOCK8 in regulating the signal transduction events that control transcriptional activity, cytokine production and functional polarization of immune cells. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of DOCK8 function, paying particular attention to an emerging role as a signaling intermediate to promote immune responses to diverse external stimuli.

关键词： DOCK8 immunodeficiency lymphocytes NK Cells signal transduction

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IgG Fc engineering to modulate antiboc affector functions

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Protein & Cell 2018年第1期9卷 63-73页

作者： Xinhua Wang Mary Mathieu randall j. Brezski Genentech Antibody Engineering South San Francisco CA 94080 USA

Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are among the most effective biotherapeutics to date. An important aspect of antibodies is their ability to bind antigen while at the same time recruit immune effector functions. The majority of approved recombinant monoclonal antibody therapies are of the human IgG1 subclass, which can engage both humoral and cellular components of the immune system. The wealth of information generated about antibodies has afforded investigators the ability to molecularly engineer antibodies to modulate effector functions. Here, we review various antibody engineering efforts intended to improve efficacy and safety relative to the human IgG isotype. Further, we will discuss pro- posed mechanisms by which engineering approaches led to modified interactions with immune components and provide examples of clinical studies using next generation antibodies.

关键词： antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis,complement-dependent cytotoxicity Fc engineering Fcgamma receptor monoclonal antibody neonatal Fc receptor

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Examination of literature on colloidal dispersion gels for oil recovery

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Petroleum Science 2021年第4期18卷 1097-1114页

作者： Dongmei Wang randall S.Seright University of North Dakota United States New Mexico Tech United States

This paper examines literature that claims,suggests,or implies that floods with"colloidal dispersion gels"(CDGs)are superior to polymer floods for oil *** motivation for this report is *** CDGs can propagate deep into the porous rock of a reservoir,and at the same time,provide resistance factors or residual resistance factors that are greater than those for the same polymer formulation without the crosslinker,then CDGs should be used in place of polymer solutions for most/all polymer,surfactant,and ASP *** contrast,if the claims are not valid,(1)money spent on crosslinker in the CDG formulations was wasted,(2)the mobility reduction/mobility control for CDG field projects was under-designed,and(3)reservoir performance could have been damaged by excessive loss of polymer,face-plugging by gels,and/or excessive fracture *** this review,the clear answer is that there is no credible evidence that colloidal dispersion gels can propagate deep into the porous rock of a reservoir,and at the same time,provide resistance factors or residual resistance factors that are greater than those for the same polymer formulation without the *** have been sold using a number of misleading and invalid *** commonly,Hall plots are claimed to demonstrate that CDGs provide higher resistance factors and/or residual resistance factors than normal polymer ***,because Hall plots only monitor injection pressures at the wellbore,they reflect the composite of face plugging/formation damage,in-situ mobility changes,and fracture *** plots cannot distinguish between these effects-so they cannot quantify in situ resistance factors or residual resistance *** studiesdwhere CDG gelants were forced through short cores during 2-3 h-have incorrectly been cited as proof that CDGs will propagate deep(hundreds of feet)into the porous rock of a reservoir over the course of *** contrast,most legitimate laboratory s

关键词： Conformance improvement Colloidal dispersion gels Polymer flooding Mobility control

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Understanding fluorine-free electrolytes via small-angle X-ray scattering

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 340-346,I0009页

作者： Kun Qian Zhou Yu Yuzi Liu David j.Gosztola randall E.Winans Lei Cheng Tao Li Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA Materials Science Division and joint Center for Energy Storage Research Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA X-ray Science Division and joint Center for Energy Storage Research Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA

Fluorine-free electrolytes have attracted great attention because of its low-cost and environmental friendliness. However, so far, little is known about the solution structures of these electrolytes. Here,we compare the solvation phenomenon of sodium tetraphenylborate(NaBPh_(4)) salt dissolved in organic solvents of propylene carbonate(PC), 1,2-dimethoxyethane(DME), acetonitrile(ACN) and tetrahydrofuran(THF). Small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS) reveals a unique two-peak structural feature in this saltconcentrated PC electrolyte, while solutions using other solvents only have one scattering *** dynamics(MD) simulations further reveal that there are anion-based clusters in addition to the short-range charge ordering in the concentrated NaBPh4/PC electrolyte. Raman spectroscopy confirms the existence of considerable contact ion pairs(CIPs). This work emphasizes the importance of global and local structural analysis, which will provide valuable clues for understanding the structureperformance relationship of electrolytes.

关键词： Fluorine-free electrolytes Sodium-ion batteries Small-angle X-ray scattering Solvation structures Sodium tetraphenylborate

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Do phytotoxic allelochemicals remain in ashes after burning Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera(boneseed)?

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第6期28卷 109-119页

作者： Md.Abdullah Yousuf Al Harun joshua johnson randall W.Robinson Institute for Sustainability and Innovation College of Engineering and ScienceVictoria University

Australia is facing challenges in controlling Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera（boneseed）. However, burning has achieved some success in this regard. We aimed to investigate the comparative phytotoxicity of boneseed dried powder and ashes（burnt at 450℃ and250℃）. Phenolic compounds in powder and ashes were measured using Folin–Ciocalteu assay and HPLC. The phytotoxicity of boneseed powder and ash extracts was assessed through germination bioassay on Lactuca sativa and the phytotoxicity of litter and ashes was evaluated using field soil, both in growth chamber. Burning of boneseed reduced total phenolics in ashes of boneseed organs by 99% and 100% both at high and low temperatures. The four phenolic compounds that were detected in boneseed were either absent or at negligible levels in the ashes,with inversely related to temperature. Both boneseed ash extracts and litter ash-mediated soil significantly reduced phytotoxicity displaying increased germination, biometric and biochemical parameters of test species compared with unburnt powder extracts and litter powder-mediated soil respectively, with greater reduction of phytotoxicity found for ashes produced at the lower temperature. Interestingly, the ash extracts and litter ash-mediated soil were found to stimulate some of those parameters of the test species compared to control. There was no excessive reactive oxygen species（ROS） produced in test species exposed to ash extracts compared with unburnt powder extracts. These findings suggest that burning of boneseed is an appropriate method of weed control and that this approach will reduce phytotoxicity of this species on native plants.

关键词： Boneseed Burning Phenolic compounds HPLC Phytotoxicity ROS

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Stability and solubility improvement of Sompoi(Acacia concinna Linn.) pod extract by topical microemulsion

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Asian journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第4期12卷 386-393页

作者： Worrapan Poomanee Wantida Chaiyana R.randall Wickett Pimporn Leelapornpisid Faculty of Pharmacy Chiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand james L.Winkle College of Pharmacy University of CincinnatiCincinnatiUSA

The aim of this study was to enhance the solubility and stability of Acacia concinna extract by loading in a microemulsion for topical application. Both physical appearance and biological activities of the extract-loaded microemulsion were determined in comparison with the extract solution. Pseudoternary phase diagrams of three oil types including tea seed oil, grape seed oil, and sesame oil, together with polysorbate 85 or the mixture of polysorbate 85 and sorbitan oleate as surfactants, and absolute ethanol as a co-surfactant were constructed to optimize the microemulsion area. The selected microemulsion was then characterized for droplet size, polydispersity index, and viscosity. Tea seed oil exhibited the highest microemulsion area in the phase diagram because it had the highest unsaturated fatty acid content. The microemulsion composed of tea seed oil(5%), polysorbate 85(40%), ethanol(20%), and water(35%) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior with the droplet size and polydispersity index of 68.03 ± 1.09 nm and 0.44 ± 0.04, respectively. After 4% w/w of the extract was incorporated into the microemulsion, larger droplets size was observed(239.77 ± 12.69 nm)with a lower polydispersity index(0.37 ± 0.02). After storage in various conditions, both physical appearances and the stability of biological activity of the extract-loaded microemulsion were improved compared to the solution. Therefore, the A. concinna loaded microemulsion may be a promising carrier for further development into a topical formulation and clinical trials for pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical applications are also suggested.

关键词： Microemulsions Stability Acacia concinna Linn Antioxidant activity Lipid peroxidation Antityrosinase activity

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Multilocus phylogeny suggests a distinct species status for the Nepal population of Assam macaques(Macaca assamensis):implications for evolution and conservation

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Zoological Research 2021年第1期42卷 3-13页

作者： Laxman Khanal Mukesh Kumar Chalise Peng-Fei Fan randall CKyes Xue-Long jiang Central Department of Zoology Institute of Science and TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 44613Nepal State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650203China Nepal Biodiversity Research Society(NEBORS) Lalitpur 23513Nepal School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China Department of Psychology Global Healthand AnthropologyCenter for Global Field Studyand Washington National Primate Research CenterUniversity of WashingtonSeattle 98195USA

Phylogenetic relationships within the sinica-group of macaques based on morphological,behavioral,and molecular characteristics have remained *** Nepal population of Assam macaques(Macaca assamensis)(NPAM),the westernmost population of the species,is morphologically distinct but has never been used in phylogenetic ***,the phylogenetic relationship of NPAM with other congeners was tested using multiple mitochondrial and Ychromosomal *** divergence times and evolutionary genetic distances among macaques were also *** revealed two major mitochondrial DNA clades of macaques under the sinica-group:the first clade included ***,***,and eastern subspecies of Assam macaque(*** assamensis);the second clade included *** together with species from the eastern and central Himalaya,namely,***,***,and *** the second-clade species,NPAM was the first to diverge from the other members of the clade around 1.9 million years *** results revealed that NPAM is phylogenetically distinct from the eastern Assam macaques and closer to other species and hence may represent a separate *** of its phylogenetic distinctiveness,isolated distribution,and small population size,the Nepal population of sinica-group macaques warrants detailed taxonomic revision and high conservation priority.

关键词： Himalaya Macaques Paraphyletic sinica-group Taxonomy

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The effects of temperature on decomposition and allelopathic phytotoxicity of boneseed litter

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 1-11页

作者： Md.Abdullah Yousuf Al Harun joshua johnson Md.Nazim Uddin randall W.Robinson Institute for Sustainability and Innovation College of Engineering and Science Victoria UniversityMelbourne

Decomposition of plant litter is a fundamental process in ecosystem function, carbon and nutrient cycling and, by extension, climate change. This study aimed to investigate the role of temperature on the decomposition of water soluble phenolics（WSP）, carbon and soil nutrients in conjunction with the phytotoxicity dynamics of Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera（boneseed） litter. Treatments consisted of three factors including decomposition materials（litter alone, litter with soil and soil alone）, decomposition periods and temperatures（5-15, 15-25and 25-35°C（night/day））. Leachates were collected on 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 th days to analyse physico-chemical parameters and phytotoxicity. Water soluble phenolics and dissolved organic carbon（DOC） increased with increasing temperature while nutrients like SO-24 and NO-13 decreased. Speed of germination, hypocotyl and radical length and weight of Lactuca sativa exposed to leachates were decreased with increasing decomposition temperature. All treatment components had significant effects on these parameters. There had a strong correlation between DOC and WSP, and WSP content of the leachates with radical length of test species. This study identified complex interactivity among temperature, WSP, DOC and soil nutrient dynamics of litter occupied soil and that these factors work together to influence phytotoxicity.

关键词： Temperature Boneseed Phenolics DOC Nutrient cycling Phytotoxicity

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Network analyses:Inhibition of androgen receptor signaling reduces inflammation in the lung through AR-MAF-IL6 signaling axes

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 140-143页

作者： Albert R.Wang Andrew M.Baschnagel Zijian Ni Sean R.Brennan Hypatia K.Newton Darya Buehler Christina Kendziorski randall j.Kimple Gopal lyer Department of Human Oncology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center MadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Biology Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA

Androgen receptor(AR)is a major transcription factor that plays a role in inflammatory response including interleukin-6(IL6)signaling.1 While AR regulation through paracrine loop signaling in prostate tissue is well-studied,its impact through an IL6 autocrine loop in the lung has not been wellstudied despite the organ's response to respiratory viral *** inhibition and RNA knockdown of AR identified a bZIP transcription factor MAF to be a common target of inflammation using these perturbations in lung cells.

关键词： inflammation lung respiratory

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