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Interstitial cells of Cajal, the maestro in health and disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第26期16卷 3239-3248页

作者： randa m mostafa Yasser m moustafa Hosam Hamdy Department of Basic medical Sciences College of Medicine Sharjah University Sharjah 27272 United Arab Emirates Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Pharmacy Suez Canal University Ismaelia 24421 Egypt Department of Surgery Vice Chancellor of Medical and Health sciences Colleges Sharjah University Sharjah 27272 United Arab Emirates

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are important players in the symphony of gut motility. They have a very signif icant physiological role orchestrating the normal peristaltic activity of the digestive system. They are the pacemaker cells in gastrointestinal (GI) muscles. Absence, reduction in number or altered integrity of the ICC network may have a dramatic effect on GI system motility. more understanding of ICC physiology will foster advances in physiology of gut motility which will help in a future breakthrough in the pharmacological interventions to restore normal motor function of GI tract. This mini review describes what is known about the physiologic function and role of ICCs in GI system motility and in a variety of GI system motility disorders.

关键词： Interstitial cells of Cajal Gastrointestinal motility Peristalsis

Functional activity of the rectum:A conduit organ or a storage organ or both?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第28期12卷 4549-4552页

作者： Ahmed Shafik randa m mostafa Ismail Shafik Olfat EI-Sibai Ali A Shafik Department of Surgery and Experimental Research Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineSharkia UniversityBanha-ZagazigEgypt Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineMenoufia UniversityShebin El-KomEgypt

AIm： To investigate whether the degree of rectal distension could define the rectum functions as a conduit mETHODS： Response of the rectal and anal pressure to 2 types of rectal balloon distension, rapid voluminous and slow gradual distention, was recorded in 21 healthy volunteers （12 men, 9 women, age 41.7 ± 10.6 years）. The test was repeated with sphincteric squeeze on urgent sensation. RESULTS： Rapid voluminous rectal distension resulted in a significant rectal pressure increase （P 〈 0.001）, an anal pressure decline （P 〈 0.05） and balloon expulsion. The subjects felt urgent sensation but did not feel the 1^st rectal sensation. On urgent sensation, anal squeeze caused a significant rectal pressure decrease （P 〈 0.001） and urgency disappearance. Slow incremental rectal filling drew a rectometrogram with a ＂tone＂ limb representing a gradual rectal pressure increase during rectal filling, and an ＂evacuation limb＂ representing a sharp pressure increase during balloon expulsion. The curve recorded both the ist rectal sensation and the urgent sensation. CONCLUSION： The rectum has apparently two functions： transportation （conduit） and storage, both depending on the degree of rectal filling. If the fecal material received by the rectum is small, it is stored in the rectum until a big volume is reached that can affect a degree of rectal distension sufficient to initiate the defecation reflex. Large volume rectal distension evokes directly the rectoanal inhibitory reflex with a resulting defecation.

关键词： Anal pressure Rectal pressure Rectometry First rectal sensation

Chemical composition, antiproliferative, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oils from aromatic plants growing in Sudan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2016年第8期9卷 741-748页

作者： Sakina Yagi randa Babiker Tzvetomira Tzanova Herve Schohn Department of Botany Faculty of Science University of Khartoum Department of Botany Faculty of Science University of Kordofan Universite de Lorraine-UmR CNRS 7565-Structure et Reactivite des Systemes moleculaires Complexes-Campus Bridoux-rue du General Delestraint57070 metz Cedex

Objective: To explore the potential of essential oil, as therapeutic molecule source, from olibanum of Boswellia papyrifera(Burseraceae), leafy stems of Cymbopogon schoenanthus(Poaceae) and Croton zambesicus(Euphorbiaceae) and rhizome of Cyperus rotundus(Cyperaceae) found in Sudan. Respective essential oil was evaluated for antiproliferative, antibacterial and antioxidant activity. methods: Essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation and then analysed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry(GCmS). Anti-proliferative activity was determined against human cell lines(mCF7 and mDAmB231, HT29 and HCT116) by the thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide(mTT) procedure. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by diphenyl 2 pycril hydrazil(DPPH) assay. Antibacterial activity was determined against two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria by microdilution method. Results: The essential oil from olibanum of Boswellia papyriferacontained mainly alcohol and ester derivatives(46.82%) while monoterpenes(69.84%) dominated in Corton zambesicus oil. Sesquiterpenes were the most highly represented classes of terpene derivatives in Cyperus schoenanthus(71.59%) and Cyperus rotundus(44.26%). Oil of Cymbopogon schoenanthus revealed the best anti-proliferative activity against HCT116 cell line with IC50 value at(19.1 ± 2.0) μg/m L. Oil of Croton zambesicus showed the best antioxidant activity [EC50(4.20 ± 0.19) mg/m L]. All oils showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration(mIC) value ranged from 16 to 250 μg/m L. Conclusions: The results suggest that the essential oils of these plants could be used as a source of natural anti-proliferative, antioxidant and antibacterial agents.

关键词： Boswellia papyrifera Croton zambesicus Cymbopogon schoenanthus Cyperus rotundus GC/mS profile anti-proliferative activity

Rome Ⅲ:The functional gastrointestinal disorders, third edition, 2006

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第13期14卷 2124-2125页

作者： randa mostafa Department of Basic medical Sciences Collegeof Medicine Sharjah University Sharjah United Arab Emirates

Functional gastrointestinal disorders （FGIDs） represent a common and important class of disorders within gastroenterology. Rome Ⅰ, the first edition was published in 1994, with symptom-based diagnostic criteria for FGIDs. These criteria began to change the diagnostic approach to F-GIDs, and no longer considered ＂diagnoses of exclusion＂ but rather ＂diagnoses of inclusion＂. Rome Ⅱ, the second edition published in 2000, resulted from the continual process of analyzing new scientific and clinical evidence in the study of F-GIDs. Rome Ⅱ, diagnostic criteria for irritable bowel syndrome （IBS）, was extended with a focus on the frequency of symptoms occurring twelve weeks （not necessarily consecutive weeks） within twelve months. ROlE Ⅲ, the third edition, conservative one, was published in September 2006, with changes made only where there is good evidence to do so. Some of the differences between Rome Ⅱ and Rome Ⅲ criteria are highlighted in this issue.

关键词： Rome Ⅲ Functional gastrointestinal disorders Diagnosis Classification

Overcoming seasonality in the tropics by growing tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum mill.</i>) varieties under cooled conditions

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Agricultural Sciences 2012年第4期3卷 602-607页

作者： Saifeldin mohamed El-Amin randa B. m. Ali Agricultural Research Corporation Gezira Research Station Horticultural Research Center P.O Box 126 Wadmedani Sudan Department of Horticulture College of Agricultural Studies Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan

The main objective of this work was to overcome seasonality in tomato production under hot tropical summer conditions, as well as to evaluate the adaptability and productivity of cherry and normal size indeterminate tomato varieties. The tested varieties were the standard varieties, Chanoa, merel, Sensie and Yusra and the cherry varieties, Tomi and Elitrro. The cherry variety Elitrro recorded the highest plant height followed by the normal merel. The cherry varieties over-numbered the classic varieties for mean number of fruits per cluster and mean number of fruits per meter square. There was no significant difference between the best yielders, the classic varieties Chanoa (25.63 kg/m2) and Yusra (24.13 kg/m2) and the cherry variety Elitrro (24.00 kg/m2). Yusra recorded the highest fruit diameter (60-70 mm). The classic type tomatoes are well known and of high demand in Sudan that give Chanoa and Yusra better adoption chances. Our results clearly indicated that production of summer tomato under cooled plastic house conditions is a new technique that has the potential to overcome the seasonality of tomato production under Sudan and similar tropical condition.

关键词： Indeterminate Tomato Cherry Cooled Plastic House Off-Season Sudan Tropics

Flax Retting Wastewater Part 1: Anaerobic Treatment by Using UASB Reactor

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Natural Resources 2012年第4期3卷 191-200页

作者： Azza I. Hafez maaly A. Khedr randa m. Osman Chemical Engineering & Pilot Plant Department Engineering Division National Research Center Dokki Cairo Egypt

The performance of UASB (Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor was investigated in the present study for treatment of flax retting wastewater. Batch and continuous experiments on a pilot scale were designed. The initial seed for granules (bacteria acclimation) formed earlier was from municipal sewage treatment plant with VSS of 18 - 20 g/L. Batch experiments proved that the sludge retention time (SRT) was 77 days. Under steady state conditions, continuous experiments were conducted at organic loading rates (OLRs) in the range of 1.2 to8.6 kgCODs m–3·d–1, where the hy- draulic retention time (HRT) decreased from 72 to 12 hrs. The results proved that the UASB technology provides good COD removal efficiency from 64.5% to 90.5% as COD loading rate decreased and good biogas production at proper food: micro-organism (F:m) ratios.

关键词： UASB Flax Retting Wastewater COD Loading Rate COD and BOD Reduction

monkeypox:A comprehensive review of a multifaceted virus

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Infectious medicine 2023年第2期2卷 74-88页

作者： randa Elsheikh Abdelrahman m.makram Tamilarasy Vasanthakumaran Shubham Tomar Khizer Shamim Nguyen Dong Tranh Sara S.Elsheikh Nguyen Thanh Van Nguyen Tien Huy Deanery of Biomedical Sciences at Edinburgh medical School University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH105HFUnited Kingdom Online Research Club(http://***) Nagasaki 852-8523Japan School of Public Health Imperial College LondonLondon SW72BXUnited Kingdom Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Tata memorial Hospital Varanasi 400012India DataQ Health Karachi 75100Pakistan Department of Infection Control Binh Dinh Provincial General HospitalBinh Dinh 55000Vietnam Faculty of medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt School of Tropical medicine and Global Health Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852-8523Japan

In may 2022,the world witnessed the re-emergence of the zoonotic disease *** this was not the first epidemic of this disease,what differentiated the outbreak was the rapid global spread and increase of cases,which led the WHO to declare monkeypox a global health *** the disease spreads mainly through inadequately cooked meat of various rodent species,this virus also shows droplet,respiratory,sexual,and even vertical *** further multiplies in lymphoproliferative organs and presents with a classical smallpox-like rash,fever,headache,and muscle *** is confirmed with a polymerase-chain-reaction test and is managed largely supportively with possible usage of some antivirals and ***,some pre-exposure and postexposure prophylactic vaccines have been *** paper aims to conduct an in-depth review of the historical epidemics,transmission,pathophysiology,clinical presentation,and management of the monkeypox disease.

关键词： monkeypox Orthopoxvirus Outbreak Smallpox

Detection of the Severity of Brain Injury in Head Trauma Patients Using Biochemical Blood markers and Its Correlation with Glasgow Coma Scale

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Open Journal of modern Neurosurgery 2019年第3期9卷 356-368页

作者： mohamed A. Ragaee Nagwa m. Ghandour randa T. Hanna Neurosurgery Department Faculty of Medicine Assiut University Assiut Egypt Forensic medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department Faculty of Medicine Assiut University Assiut Egypt medical Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Assiut University Assiut Egypt

Head trauma is one of common injury related mortality and morbidity. Blood biomarkers are valuable tools for the identification and characterization of initial injury and secondary pathological processes for traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study evaluated the performance of a recently developed visfatin and its correlation with other blood circulating biomarkers that reflect specific pathological mechanisms including neuro inflammatory, neuron injury and oxidative damage in moderate to severe TBI patients. Peripheral blood was taken from TBI patients (n = 78) at hospital admission, maximum 6 hours post-injury. Severity and neurological outcome were assessed using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and blood level of: visfatin, neuron specific enolase (NSE), malondialdehyde (mDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). Concentrations of visfatin (28 ± 1.68 μg/L, 25 ± 2.09 μg/L) was significantly higher (p moderate groups of TBI patients respectively compared to control group (7.62 ± 0.87 μg/L), NSE concentrations also were significantly higher (p ml, 13.49 ± 2.66 ng/ml) compared to control group (4.3 ± 0.52 ng/ml), mDA was significantly elevated (p mol/L) compared to control group (5.12 ± 0.76 μmol/L), while SOD (245.12 ± 24.2 U/L, 276.097 ± 30.8 U/L) and GSH (112.07 ± 2.09 μmol/L, 119.26 ± 2.7 μmol/L) were highly significantly decreased (p mpared to control group (304.17 ± 27.17 U/L and 151.64 ± 9.9 μmol/L) respectively. Visfatin was positively correlated with NSE and mDA, while there was negative correlation with SOD and GSH. In conclusion blood level of visfatin in correlation with other blood biomarkers can be used for prediction of severity of TBI cases.

关键词： Brain Injury Visfatin Biomarkers Head Trauma

Effect of Avocado （Persea Americana）, Cabbage （Brassica Oleracea） and Ginger （Zingiber Officinale） on Rat Liver and Thyroid Injuries Induced by CCI4 （Carbon Tetrachloride）

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016年第3期4卷 108-118页

作者： Asmaa F. Hamouda manal Y. Sameeh randa m. Shrourou Department of biochemistry University of A lexandria Alexandria 21111 Egypt Department of chemistry University of AI Leith- Umm Al-Qura Mecca 21955 Saudi Arabia Department of Food Nutrition University of King Abdul-Aziz Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia

Avocado, Cabbage, and Ginger are a part of a regular human diet and have antioxidant, and antitumor effects. The effect of AVOE （avocado）, GE （Ginger） and CE （Cabbage） extracts separately on liver NO （nitric oxide）, mDA （malondialdehyde）, as well as serum AST （aspartate aminotransferase）, ALT （alanine aminotransferase）, total bilirubin, TC （total cholesterol）, T.G （triglyceride）, HDL cholesterol （high-density lipoprotein）, LDL cholesterol （low-density lipoprotein）, TSH （thyroid-stimulating hormone）, T3 （Triiodothyronine）, T4 （Thyroxine） in rats treated and untreated with CC14 （carbon tetrachloride） was studied. The levels of NO, mDA, as well as serum AST, ALT, total bilirubin, TC, T.G, LDL, and TSH, showed an elevation while, HDL, T3 and T4 showed the decline in rats treated with CC14 as compared to control. Treatment of rats with AVOE and GE pre, during, and post CC14 administration improve NO, mDA, as well as serum AST, ALT, total bilirubin, TC, T.G, HDL, LDL, TSH, T3, T4 as compared to CC14. Treatment of rats with CE pre, during, and post CC14 administration did not improve in the thyroid hormones and lipid profile levels as compared to CC14. These findings suggest that avocado and ginger treatment exerts a protective effect on metabolic disorders by decreasing oxidative stress.

关键词： Liver injuries CC14 (carbon tetrachloride) avocado (Persea Americana) cabbage (Brassica Oleracea) and ginger(Zingiber Officinale) thyroid function.