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Serum Omega-6/Omega-3 Ratio and Risk Markers for Cardiovascular Disease in an Industrial Population of Delhi

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 94-97页

作者： Ruby Gupta ramakrishnan Lakshmy Ransi Ann Abraham Kolli Srinath Reddy Panniyammakal Jeemon Dorairaj Prabhakaran Center for Chronic Disease Control New Delhi India Center for Chronic Disease Control New Delhi India Public Health Foundation of India New Delhi India Department of Cardiac Biochemistry AIIMS New Delhi India Public Health Foundation of India New Delhi India South Asia Network for Chronic Disease New Delhi India Center for Chronic Disease Control New Delhi India

High omega-6/omega-3 ratio intake promotes development of many chronic diseases. Secondary prevention studies though have demonstrated a decline in progression of many such diseases after reducing the intake, specific biochemical indices of cardiovascular disease risk markers have not been evaluated. We have evaluated the circulating levels of omega-6/omega-3 ratio and its effect on cardiovascular risk markers in India. Present study was conducted in industrial setting where employees were randomly selected. Data on their demographic characteristics were collected using pre-tested questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were collected from all the participants. Serum was separated and stored at-80℃ till the time of analysis. Lipids were estimated using standard kits. Fatty acids in serum were estimated by Gas chromatography. The identified Omega-3 fatty acid included were 18:3 (Alpha-linolenic acid), 20:5 (Eicosapentenoic acid) & 22:6 (Docosahexenoic acid). Among omega-6 included were 18:2 (linoleic acid), 18:3 (gamma-linolenic acid) & 20:4 (Arachidonic acid). Complete data was available for 176 participants (89% males and 11% females) with mean age of 47.23 ± 6.00 years. The bmi of the participants was 24.88 ±3.43 Kg/m2 and waist circumference was 91.50 ±9.56 cm. The median of omega-6/omega-3 ratio in the study population was 36.69 (range: 6.21 -?183.69). The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, ldl-cholesterol and cholesterol/hdl ratio and apo B correlated significantly with omega-6/3 ratio. There was no correlation observed with hsCRP and LDL-particle size. A direct relationship of omega-6/ omega-3 ratio with dyslipidemia was observed in our study.

关键词： Omega Fatty Acids Dyslipidemia Omega 6/3 Ratio CHD hs CRP

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碳酸盐岩的核磁共振正演模型

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测井与射孔 2001年第1期4卷 1-7页

作者： T.S.ramakrishnan 田莹

在饱和水储集岩石的核磁共振常规解释中，都是假定T2分布和孔隙大小分布有直接的关系。而实验室和测井数据资料都表明在许多孔隙系统中这种关系不成立，特别是在粒内孔隙和粒间孔隙的碳酸盐岩中。因而就限制了我们预测渗透率和可动流体... 详细信息

在饱和水储集岩石的核磁共振常规解释中，都是假定T2分布和孔隙大小分布有直接的关系。而实验室和测井数据资料都表明在许多孔隙系统中这种关系不成立，特别是在粒内孔隙和粒间孔隙的碳酸盐岩中。因而就限制了我们预测渗透率和可动流体的动力。实际上，它是由于粒内孔隙和粒间孔隙的磁场传播造成的。现在有三种几何模型来帮助我们认清NMR测量和地下孔隙形态之间的关系。在这些模型中孔隙特征可以用以下四个参数来描述：（1）总孔隙度，φ；（2）粒间孔隙，fm;（3）粒内孔隙的孔隙体积与表面积的比值，Vsμ；（4）粒间孔隙的孔隙体积与表面积的比值，Vsm。第一个模型是由规则排列的固结的立体微孔隙颗粒构成，我们采用随机的数字模拟方法，只要给定上述参数，T2分布可以用于表面弛豫参数ρ的函数来估计，在第二个和第三个模型中，微孔隙颗粒被看成一个统一体。人们最感兴趣的ρ的取值可双致为1．5－7．5μm/s，这和从三维分析模型中获得的值是基本一致的，而ρ的含义在于把T2分布特征用一维模型的孔隙空间来描述。

关键词：碳酸盐岩核磁共振正演模型孔隙形态

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一种光学激振用于称重的谐振力传感器的校准

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中国检验检测 1991年第6期 37-38页

作者： S.ramakrishnan 许庆

1.前言本文我们讨论一种以在一定张力作用下振动着的金属玻璃条为传感元件的力传感器的制作和校准。这种传感元件安装在一专用骨架上的相配槽孔中,当力施于这种骨架的一端时,它能转换成传感窄条中张力的相应变化。此结

关键词：力传感器力学测试仪器传感元件激振结构振动共振频率称重重量测量质量测量

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Beans with Benefits—The Role of Mungbean (<i>Vigna radiate</i>) in a Changing Environment

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 1577-1600页

作者： Lisa Pataczek Zahir Ahmad Zahir Maqshoof Ahmad Saima Rani ramakrishnan Nair Roland Schafleitner Georg Cadisch Thomas Hilger Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics Agronomy in the Tropics and Subtropics (490e) University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalpur Pakistan Agricultural Economics Research Institute PARC National Agricultural Research Center Islamabad Pakistan The World Vegetable Center South Asia Hyderabad India Biotechnology and Molecular Breeding The World Vegetable Center Taiwan

Dryland areas are experiencing low agricultural yields due to severe water shortages and salinity, leading to food scarcity. Mungbean (Vigna radiate) is gaining attention as a short-season crop that can tolerate dryland conditions, and fix atmospheric nitrogen, decreasing soil nutrient depletion. It is a source of high-quality protein for human consumption and can serve as a multipurpose crop, if harvest residues are used as fodder or green manure. However, little of this legume’s potential has been explored. This review aims to underline the importance of mungbean as an agricultural crop by reviewing relevant literature on the potential contribution of mungbean to food security and a balanced diet as well as the effect of mungbean cultivation on farm income and gender equality. The challenges of climate change in plant production are discussed, and how progress in mungbean breeding and the application of improved cultivation techniques, such as regulated deficit irrigation, conservation agriculture, and inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria can overcome them.

关键词： Adaption Strategies PGPR Food Security Residual Effects Conservation Agriculture

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Effect of Video Counselling Versus Verbal Counselling on Patient's experience during phacoemulsification under topical anaesthesia

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2022年第2期2卷 25-29页

作者： Merlin Benzy Rengaraj Venkatesh Vivekanandan Vellam ramakrishnan Varshini Santhanarajan Odayar Department of Cataract and IOL Services Aravind Eye HospitalPondicherryIndia Department of Glaucoma Aravind Eye HospitalPondicherryIndia Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA

Purpose:To evaluate the impact of video and verbal counselling on patients'undergoing phacoemulsification under topical ***:This is a prospective randomized controlled trial conducted at Aravind Eye Care System,Pondicherry,*** patients had a 15 min one-on-one verbal counselling covering surgical technique,implant options,anaesthesia and payment options one day prior to *** the day of surgery,patients were randomized into two groups;in the first group,patients were provided with video counselling and in the second group,patients were given verbal counselling prior to undergoing phacoemulsification under topical *** of blood pressure,heart rate,respiration rate,and the Likert-scale anxiety rating were collected at preoperative,perioperative,and postoperative time ***:A group of 186 patients(aged 45–70 years)were provided video counselling via portable iPad before firsttime phacoemulsification,and a second group of 186 patients underwent surgery with verbal *** and diastolic blood pressure measurements were lower in both the video and verbally counselled groups during the intraoperative time ***,during the intraoperative period,123(66.1%)video counselled patients felt relaxed compared to 119(64%)patients who were provided verbal counselling(P?0.6636).Patient cooperation during surgery was excellent in 76(40.9%)video counselled patients and 67(36%)verbally counselled patients(P?0.3374).25.8%and 21%(P?0.2703)of patients experienced no pain during surgery in the video and verbal counselled groups ***:Although measures such as pulse rate,respiratory rate and feelings of relaxation did not show significant differences among the two groups of video and verbal counselling,patients marked cooperation during surgery and furthermore,the level of anxiety is most reassuring.

关键词： Video counselling Verbal counselling.phacoemulsification Patient cooperation Anxiety Pain

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Introduction of Compressive Residual Stress by Means of Cavitation Peening into a Titanium Alloy Rod Used for Spinal Implants

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2013年第7期4卷 23-28页

作者： Osamu Takakuwa Amrinder S. Gill Gokul ramakrishnan Seetha R. Mannava Vijay K. Vasudevan Hitoshi Soyama Department of Nanomechanics Tohoku University Sendai Japan School of Dynamic Systems University of Cincinnati Cincinnati USA

The introduction of compressive residual stress is an effective way to reduce fretting fatigue and fretting wear between a spinal implant rod and its holding fixture. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that cavitation peening can introduce compressive residual stress into the surface of a spinal implant rod manufactured from medical grade titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, which has already been processed by glass shot peening. In order to apply the cavitation peening for the small rod, whose diameter is only 5.5 mm, the cavitating region was concentrated by increasing the ambient pressure. The depth profiles of the resulting residual stress were evaluated by X-ray diffraction following layer removal by electropolishing. The results show that cavitation peening creates compressive residual stress deeper into the rod, even though the stress value at the near surface is saturated due to initial processing using glass shot peening. The depth of the compressive residual stress continuously increases from 44 μm to 230 μm with an increase in the cavitation peening processing time. In addition, the full width at half maximum value of the X-ray diffraction profile, which is closely related to the micro-strain, decreases by up to 32% following the application of cavitation peening.

关键词： Compressive Residual Stress Fretting Titanium Alloy Cavitation Peening Spinal Implant Rod

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The Variation in Plasma Cortisol Levels in Response to Anesthetic Induction with Etomidate or Ketamine in Children Undergoing Intracardiac Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot on Cardiopulmonary Bypass

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2012年第2期2卷 17-20页

作者： Anil K. Pandey Sandeep Chauhan Neeti Makhija Usha Kiran Sumit Vasdev Sachin Talwar ramakrishnan Lakshmy Departments of Cardiac Anaesthesia All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India Departments of Cardiac Biochemistry All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India Departments of Cardiac Surgery All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India

Objective: To compare the effect of a single induction dose of etomidate or ketamine on plasma cortisol levels in children with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) undergoing intra-cardiac repair on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Design: A prospective randomized trial. Setting: Cardiac center of a tertiary care hospital. Participants: Thirty children with TOF undergoing intra-cardiac repair on CPB. Interventions: After random allocation of the children into two groups, the children either received etomidate 0.2 mg/kg or ketamine 2 mg/kg intravenously for anesthetic induction along with fentanyl 2 mcg/kg and midazolam 100 mcg/kg. Endotracheal intubation was accomplished with rocuronium bromide in the dose of 1 mg/kg. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane in air-oxygen, titrated to response and supplemental vecuronium bromide for muscle relaxation, fentanyl chloride for pain relief. Serum cortisol was measured on three occasions, at preinduction, at the end of surgery and at 24 hours postoperatively. Measurements and Main Results: Baseline plasma cortisol (Normal 5 - 25 mcg/dl) in the etomidate group (19.91 ± 3.51 mcg/dl) decreased significantly at the end of surgery (5.78 ± 2.0 mcg/dl) and rose to significantly higher than baseline values at 24 hours (27.31 ± 8.30 mcg/dl). The baseline cortisol levels in the ketamine group (20.91 ± 3.19 mcg/dl) increased significantly at the end of surgery (44.02 ± 5.49 mcg/dl) and remained significantly higher than baseline at 24hours (45.93 ± 3.05 mcg/dl). Plasma cortisol levels in the etomidate group at end of surgery, and at 24 hours post-operatively, were significantly lower than the ketamine group. Conclusions: This study shows that etomidate is a suitable and safe agent for suppression of the increase in serum cortisol associated with the use of CPB in children with TOF undergoing intra-cardiac repair.

关键词： Serum Cortisol Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) Etomidate

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粉末性能对压坯压制参数及脱模力的影响

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粉末冶金技术 1986年第4期 242-248页

作者： Paramanand P.ramakrishnan 郭庚辰

以1650MPa的压制压力对粒度为-100/+140到-400目的几种电解和还原铜粉筛分料进行了压制。通过载荷一位移曲线的数字化,计算了各种成形压力下的压坯密度。由脱模载荷一压坯位移曲线得到的最大滑动载荷确定了脱模力。使用Heckel′s压制方... 详细信息

以1650MPa的压制压力对粒度为-100/+140到-400目的几种电解和还原铜粉筛分料进行了压制。通过载荷一位移曲线的数字化,计算了各种成形压力下的压坯密度。由脱模载荷一压坯位移曲线得到的最大滑动载荷确定了脱模力。使用Heckel′s压制方程进行的分析表明,在不同的压力范围内,三种不同的致密化机理是有效的。还发现,Heckel′s方程的常数K和A对粉末的粒度和形状很敏感。也可推断,生坯密度和脱模力将随着粉末粒度及形状不规则程度的增加而增加。而且颗粒形状对于压制和脱模过程的影响大于粒度的影响。

关键词：还原铜粉电解铜粉成形压力生坯密度脱模力成型压力压坯压制压力粉末粒度

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冷冻装置的温度监测器和警报器

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国外水产 1983年第4期 34-36页

作者： K.ramakrishnan 江尧森

冷冻装置和冷藏温度的测量和控制,对于保持贮藏产品的质量至关重要。贮藏冻鱼时温度的变化有害地影响着鱼的各种性质。应用许多物理的和电的物质特性已研制出不同类型的仪器。例如铂电阻温度计,就是利用了一片铂丝的电阻与温度的变化而... 详细信息

冷冻装置和冷藏温度的测量和控制,对于保持贮藏产品的质量至关重要。贮藏冻鱼时温度的变化有害地影响着鱼的各种性质。应用许多物理的和电的物质特性已研制出不同类型的仪器。例如铂电阻温度计,就是利用了一片铂丝的电阻与温度的变化而制成。应用热电偶来测量温度是利用两种不同金属之间连接产生的热电动势。应用两种不同金

关键词：温度监测器探测器热敏电阻热敏元件温度测量热工测量冷冻装置

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热带森林开发、保护和管理

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科学对社会的影响 1993年第2期42卷 34-36页

作者： P.S.ramakrishnan 周吉仲尼赫鲁大学

热带林,这种传统上在一种可持续的基础上为社会所利用的重要自然资源目前由于过度开发而面临极大威胁。具有讽刺意味的是,以“开发”为名义的滥伐,已经使维系着热带绝大多数人民生存的基础不断受到侵蚀,引起社会动荡。保护和管理代表着... 详细信息

热带林,这种传统上在一种可持续的基础上为社会所利用的重要自然资源目前由于过度开发而面临极大威胁。具有讽刺意味的是,以“开发”为名义的滥伐,已经使维系着热带绝大多数人民生存的基础不断受到侵蚀,引起社会动荡。保护和管理代表着同一硬币的两个面,需要通过基础广泛的交叉学科的多学科探讨来解决,包括造林学、生态学、社会学和经济学领域。只有这样一种策略,才能保证人民的参与和以生态上可允许的方式管理热带林这种宝贵的资源。

关键词：热带林开发资源保护环境保护

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