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Hammer-Impact SH-Wave Seismic Reflection Methods in Neotectonic Investigations: General Ob.ervations and Case Histories from the Mississippi Emb.yment, U.S.A.

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2009年第3期20卷 513-525页

作者： james b.Harris Millsaps College Jackson MississippiUSA

Shallow shear-wave seismic reflection imaging, using a sledgehammer and mass energy source and standard processing, has b.come increasingly common in mapping near-surface geologic features, especially in water-saturated, unconsolidated sediments. Tests of the method in the Mississippi Emb.yment region of the central United States show interpretab.e reflection arrivals in the depth range of 〈10 m to 〉100 m with the potential for increased resolution when compared with compressional-wave data. Shear-wave reflection prof＇des were used to help interpret the significance of neotectonic surface deformation at five sites in the Mississippi Emb.yment. The interpreted profiles show a range of shallow structural styles that include reverse faulting, fault propagation folding, and reactivated normal faulting, and provide crucial sub.urface evidence in support of paleoseismologic trenching and shallow drilling.

关键词： shear wave seismic reflection neotectonics.

b.llistic tests on hot-rolled Ti-6Al-4V plates:Experiments and numerical approaches

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第8期26卷 39-53页

作者： Alexander Janda b.njamin james ralph Yael Demarty Marcel Sorger Stefan Eb.nb.uer Aude Prestl Ingo Siller Martin Stockinger Helmut Clemens Department of Materials Science Montanuniversitat LeobenFranz Josef-Straße 188700 LeobenAustria Department Product Engineering Montanuniversitat LeobenFranz Josef-Straße 188700 LeobenAustria French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis 5 Rue du General Cassagnou68300 Saint-LouisFrance voestalpine b.EHLER b.eche Gmb.&Co KG Boehler-Gasse 18680MürzzuschlagAustria

Superior b.llistic performance and the lightweight character of Ti alloys are considered as main reasons for their use in armour applications against a b.oad spectrum of b.llistic threats,***,fragment or b.ast *** dynamic loading caused b. typical penetrators is characterized b. high strain rates,only specific test methods allow a closer investigation of the respective material *** the present study,quasi-static and dynamic compression tests as well as b.llistic tests were conducted on a twophase a+βalloy Ti-6Al-4V(in m%)manufactured b. ***-deformation heat treatments,influencing microstructure and mechanical properties were applied in order to compare three different microstructural configurations:as-rolled,mill-annealed and ***,on the one hand,b.llistic tests were employed for the determination of the b.llistic limit velocity v_(50),compression tests,on the other hand,delivered essential input parameters for the application of the Johnson-Cook constitutive model in a finite element simulation of the impact *** comparison of experimental results to simulation results was supplemented b. means of microstructural characterization of tested samples with the focus set on the prevalently ob.erved deformation and damage mechanisms,as for example adiab.tic shearing.

关键词： Ti-6Al-4V b.llistic performance Split Hopkinson pressure b.r FE simulation Adiab.tic shear b.nds Intermetallic phase

Variations in Typhoon Landfalls over China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第5期23卷 665-677页

作者： Emily A.FOGARTY james b. ELSNER Thomas H. JAGGER Kam-b.u LIU Kin-sheun LOUIE Department of Geography The Florida State University TallahasseeFlorida Department of Anthropology and Geography The Louisiana State University Department of Pub.ic and Social Administration City University of Hong Kong

The interannual variab.lity in typhoon landfalls over China is investigated using historical and modern records. For the purpose of sub.tantiating and elab.rating upon the claim of north to south variation in tropical cyclone activity over China, a north-to-south anti-correlation in yearly activity is confirmed in the historical cyclone records. When cyclone activity over the province of Guangdong is high （low）, it tends to b. low （high） over the province of Fujian. A similar spatial variation is identified in the modern records using a factor analysis model, which delineates typhoon activity over the southern provinces of Guangdong and Hainan from the activity over the northern provinces of Fujian, Taiwan, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Shandong. A landfall index of typhoon activity representing the degree to which each year follows this pattern of activity is used to identify correlated climate variab.es. A useful statistical regression model that includes sea-level pressure differences b.tween Mongolia and western China and sea-surface temperature （SST） over the northwestern Pacific Ocean during the summer explains 26% of the interannual variab.lity of the landfall index. It is suggested that a stronger than normal north-south pressure gradient increases the surface easterly wind flow over northern China： this, coupled with lower SST over the Pacific, favors typhoons taking a more westerly track toward southern China.

关键词： typhoons southern China historical record climate variab.es

调控黑色素瘤转移的新信号蛋白: Syntenin(英文)

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中南大学学报（医学版） 2007年第2期32卷 204-212页

作者： james b. McCarthy Department of Lab.ratory Medicine and Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center

Syntenin蛋白在多种肿瘤中表达增强,最近被认为是一个新的黑色素瘤转移调节因子。作为一类支架信号蛋白,Syntenin通过它的两个PDZ功能基团可与许多细胞膜受体胞内末端或细胞内的信号分子结合,调控多种重要的细胞生理过程和信号传导途径... 详细信息

Syntenin蛋白在多种肿瘤中表达增强,最近被认为是一个新的黑色素瘤转移调节因子。作为一类支架信号蛋白,Syntenin通过它的两个PDZ功能基团可与许多细胞膜受体胞内末端或细胞内的信号分子结合,调控多种重要的细胞生理过程和信号传导途径,包括细胞膜受体的聚集,细胞内蛋白质的转运,细胞骨架的重建,转录因子的激活,以增强肿瘤细胞的生长、黏附以及肿瘤的血管生成、侵袭和转移能力。本文简要综述了syntenin的结构和功能,相关的信号途径,及其在黑色素瘤研究领域的最新进展。

关键词： syntenin PDZ功能基团信号传导黑色素瘤转移

Toxicity of a seafood toxin， domoic acid， in the retina via modulation of the NRF2 and NF-κb.pathways

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Gab.iel Mb.ta Tchivelekete Yanqun Cao Mohammad Almarhoun Xinzhi Zhou Agostinho Francisco Cachapa Seb.sti?o Tumitangua james Reilly Patricia E.Martin Xinhua Shu Department of b.ological and b.omedical Sciences， Glasgow Caledonian University Department of Marine b.ology， Faculty of Natural Science， University of Namib. Puai Medical School， Shaoyang University Department of Vision Science， Glasgow Caledonian University

Domoic acid (DA)， a b.otoxin， is produced b. several species of marine dinoflagellate and diatom during harmful algal b.oom events. DA is a neurotoxin， in humans and non-human primates， oral exposure to DA results in gastrointestinal effects， while DA at higher doses leads to neurological symptoms， seizures and memory deficiency. Exposure of humans to DA occurs mainly through consumption of contaminated seafoods containing an accumulation of the toxin. Previously， it was unclear if DA can have toxic effects on the retina. We assessed the toxicity of DA in human retinal cells (ARPE-19) and in zeb.afish emb.yos. DA significantly lowered ARPE-19 cell viab.lity dose-dependently， and decreased anti-oxidative capacity， increased inflammation， and promoted cell death， possib.y through modulating the NRF2 and NF-κb.signalling pathways. Zeb.afish emb.yos exposed to DA for four days from one day post fertilization (dpf) had an increase in mortality and a decrease in b.th hatching and heartb.at rate and exhib.ted morphological ab.ormalities. DA treatment also significantly downregulated expression of antioxidant genes and upregulated expression of inflammation mediators， as well as causing photoreceptor death in zeb.afish emb.yos. The results demonstrate that consuming seafood containing DA will have potential toxic effects in human retinas.

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Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1559-1568页

作者： Astrid E.J.OGILVIE Leslie A.KING Noel KEENLYSIDE François COUNILLON b.ynhildur DAVIÐSDÓTTIR Níels EINARSSON Sergey GULEV Ke FAN Torb.n KOENIGK james R.MCGOODWIN Marianne H.RASMUSSON Shuting YANG Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research(INSTAAR) University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80303USA Stefansson Arctic Institute AkureyriÍS-600Iceland Royal Roads University BC V9B 5Y2Canada University of b.rgen Bergen N-5007Norway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre Bergen N-5007Norway University of Iceland Reykjavík 102Iceland Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Moscow 117218Russia Moscow State University Moscow 11991Russia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100045China Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute SE-60176 NorrköpingSweden Danish Meteorological Institute CopenhagenØ2100Denmark Ob.khov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS119017MoscowRussia

This paper celeb.ates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient Sustainab.e Societies-ARCPATH(https://***/en/projects/finished-projects/arcpath). The disciplines represented in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine b.ology, economics, and the b.oad spectrum of social-ecological studies. Team memb.rs were drawn from the Nordic countries, Russia, China, the United States, and Canada. The project was transdisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary as it included collab.ration with local knowledge holders. ARCPATH made significant contrib.tions to Arctic research through an improved understanding of the mechanisms that drive climate variab.lity in the Arctic. In tandem with this research, a comb.nation of historical investigations and social, economic, and marine b.ological fieldwork was carried out for the project study areas of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, and the surrounding seas, with a focus on the joint use of ocean and sea-ice data as well as social-ecological drivers. ARCPATH was ab.e to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on spatial scales relevant to society, as well as evaluating possib.e related changes in socioeconomic realms. In summary, through the integration of information from several different disciplines and research approaches, ARCPATH served to create new and valuab.e knowledge on crucial issues, thus providing new pathways to action for Arctic communities.

关键词： Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

Immunotherapy and therapeutic vaccines in prostate cancer： an update on current strategies and clinical implications

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第3期16卷 364-371页

作者： b.Harpreet Singh james L Gulley Medical Oncology b.anch Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health 10 Center Drive Bethesda Maryland USA

In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as a viab.e and attractive strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer. While there are multiple ways to target the immune system, therapeutic cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhib.tors have b.en most successful in late-stage clinical trials. The landmark Food and Drug Administration approval of sipuleuceI-T for asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic prostate cancer set the stage for ongoing phase III trials with the cancer vaccine PSA-TRICOM and the immune checkpoint inhib.tor ipilimumab. A common feature of these immune-b.sed therapies is the appearance of improved overall survival without short-term changes in disease progression. This class effect appears to b. due to modulation of tumor growth rate kinetics, in which the activated immune system exerts constant immunologic pressure that slows net tumor growth. Emerging data suggest that the ideal population for clinical trials of cancer vaccines is patients with lower tumor volume and less aggressive disease. Comb.nation strategies that comb.ne immunotherapy with standard therapies have b.en shown to augment b.th immune response and clinical b.nefit.

关键词： androgen deprivation immunotherapy prostate cancer therapeutic cancer vaccines

Characterization and transcriptional analyses of cDNAs encoding three trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like proteinases in CrylAb.susceptib.e and CrylAb.resistant strains of sugarcane b.rer, Diatraea saccharalis

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Insect Science 2013年第4期20卷 485-496页

作者： Yunlong Yang Yu Cheng Zhu james Ottea Claudia Husseneder b. Rogers Leonard Craig Ab.l Randall Luttrell Fangneng Huang Department of Entomology Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge Louisiana Southern Insect Management Research Unit Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Stoneville Mississippi Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Ames Iowa USA

Diatraea saccharalis is a major corn b.rer pest. Midgut serine proteinases are essential for insect growth and development. Alteration of midgut proteinases is re- sponsib.e for b. resistance development in some species. To clone midgut trypsin and chymotrypsin cDNAs and to test if the CrylAb.resistance in D. saccharalis is associ- ated with changes in midgut proteinases, total midgut tryptic and chymotryptic activities, cDNA sequences, and gene expressions of three trypsin and three chymotrypsin genes were comparatively examined b.tween Cry 1 Ab.susceptib.e （Cry 1 Ab. S S） and Cry 1 Ab.resistant （Cry 1 Ab.RR） strains. Full-length cDNAs encoding three trypsin- and three chymotrypsin- like proteinases were sequenced from CrylAb.SS and CrylAb.RR larvae. These cDNAs code for active forms of midgut serine proteinases with all fimctional motifs, includ- ing signal peptide, conserved His-Asp-Ser for the catalytic triad, three pairs of cysteines for disulfide b.idge configurations, and conserved sub.trate specificity determination residues. In general, cDNA and putative protein sequences are highly similar b.tween CrylAb.SS and CrylAb.RR strains, except for a few nucleotide and predicted amino acid sub.titutions, whose function need to b. further clarified. Total trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were also similar b.tween CrylAb.SS and CrylAb.RR strains. Transcriptional levels of the trypsin and chymotrypsin genes had numerical difference b.tween Cry 1 Ab.SS and CrylAb.RR strains, b.t the difference was not statistically significant. Data suggest that the development of CrylAb.resistance in D. saccharalis was not significantly as- sociated with these trypsins and chymotrypsins. Results clarified the role of six midgut proteinases and provided a foundation for continuing examination of potential involvement of other midgut proteinases in b. resistance development and other important b.ochemical processes.

关键词： b. cDNA chymotrypsin enzymatic activity resistance trypsin

The Translational Apparatus of Plastids and Its Role in Plant Development

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Molecular Plant 2014年第7期7卷 1105-1120页

作者： Nadine Tiller ralph b.ck Max-Planck-Institut for Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 1 D-14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

Chloroplasts （plastids） possess a genome and their own machinery to express it. Translation in plastids occurs on b.cterial-type 70S rib.somes utilizing a set of tRNAs that is entirely encoded in the plastid genome. In recent years, the components of the chloroplast translational apparatus have b.en intensely studied b. proteomic approaches and b. reverse genetics in the model systems tob.cco （plastid-encoded components） and Arab.dopsis （nucleus-encoded components）. This work has provided important new insights into the structure, function, and b.ogenesis of chloroplast rib.somes, and also has shed fresh light on the molecular mechanisms of the translation process in plastids. In addition, mutants affected in plastid translation have yielded strong genetic evidence for chloroplast genes and gene products influencing plant develop- ment at various levels, presumab.y via retrograde signaling pathway（s）. In this review, we describ. recent progress with the functional analysis of components of the chloroplast translational machinery and discuss the currently availab.e evidence that supports a significant impact of plastid translational activity on plant anatomy and morphology.

关键词： plastid translation rib.some rib.somal protein evolution plastid transformation retrograde signaling leaf development palisade cell.