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The wonders of earthworms &its vermicompost in farm production: Charles Darwin’s ‘friends of farmers’, with potential to replace destructive chemical fertilizers

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Agricultural Sciences 2010年第2期1卷 76-94页

作者： rajiv k. sinha Sunita Agarwal k.unal Chauhan Dalsuk. Valani 不详

Earthworms and its excreta (vermicast) promises to usher in the ‘Second Green Revolution’ by completely replacing the destructive agro chemicals which did more harm than good to both the farmers and their farmland. Earthworms restore & improve soil fertility and significantly boost crop productivity. Earthworms excreta (vermicast) is a nutritive ‘organic fertilizer’ rich in humus, Nk., micronutrients, beneficial soil microbes—‘nitrogenfixing & phosphate solubilizing bacteria’ & ‘actinomycets’ and growth hormones ‘auxins’, ‘gibberlins’ & ‘cytok.nins’. Both earthworms and its vermicast & body liquid (vermiwash) are scientifically proving as both ‘growth promoters & protectors’ for crop plants. In our experiments with corn & wheat crops, tomato and eggplants it displayed excellent growth performances in terms of height of plants, color & texture of leaves, appearance of flowers & fruits, seed ears etc. as compared to chemical fertilizers and the conventional compost. There is also less incidences of ‘pest & disease attack. and ‘reduced demand of water’ for irrigation in plants grown on vermicompost. Presence of live earthworms in soil also mak.s significant difference in flower and fruit formation in vegetable crops. Composts work.as a ‘slowrelease fertilizer’ whereas chemical fertilizers release their nutrients rather quick.y in soil and soon get depleted. Significant amount of ‘chemical nitrogen’ is lost from soil due to oxidation in sunlight. However, with application of vermicompost the ‘organic nitro gen’ tends to be released much faster from the excreted ‘humus’ by worms and those mineralised by them and the net overall efficiency of nitrogen (N) is considerably greater than that of chemical fertilizers. Availability of phosphorus (P) is sometimes much greater. Our study sh ows that earthworms and vermicompost can promote growth from 50 to 100% over conventional compost & 30 to 40% over chemical fertilizers besides protecting the soil and the agro ecosystem while

关键词： Fertilizer Vermicompost – Miracle Growth Promoter Rich in Nutrients Humus&Hormones Vermicompost Induce Biological Resistance in Plant Suppress & Repel Pest Attack

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Earthworms: Charles Darwin’s ‘Unheralded Soldiers of Mank.nd’: Protective &Productive for Man &Environment

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2010年第3期1卷 251-260页

作者： rajiv k. sinha k.unal Chauhan Dalsuk. Valani Vinod Chandran Brijal k.ran Soni Vishal Patel 不详

Earthworms promises to provide cheaper solutions to several social, economic and environmental problems plaguing the human society. Earthworms can safely manage all municipal and industrial organic wastes including sewage sludge and divert them from ending up in the landfills. Their body work.as a ‘biofilter’ and they can ‘purify’ and also ‘disinfect’ and ‘detoxify’ municipal and several industrial wastewater. They reduce the BOD & COD loads and the TDSS of wastewater significantly. They can even remove the EDCs (endocrine disrupting chemicals) from sewage which is not removed by the conventional sewage treatments plants. Earthworms can bio-accumulate and bio-transform many chemical contaminants including heavy metals and organic pollutants in soil and clean-up the contaminated lands for re-development. Earthworms restore & improve soil fertility by their secretions (growth hormones) and excreta (vermicast with beneficial soil microbes) & boost ‘crop productivity’. They have potential to replace the environmentally destructive chemical fertilizers from farm production. The ‘protein rich’ earthworm biomass is being used for production of ‘nutritive feed materials’ for fishery, dairy & poultry industries. They are also being used as ‘raw materials’ for rubber, lubricant and detergent industries. The bioactive compounds isolated from earthworms are finding new uses in production of ‘life saving medicines’ for cardiovascular diseases and cancer cure.

关键词： Detoxifying Disinfecting Waste Degradation Wastewater Purification Soil Decontamination Soil Fertil-ity Crop Production Earthworms Medicines Nutritive Feed

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Double co-host emitter based top emitting white organic light emitting diodes with enhanced brightness and efficiency

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Optoelectronics Letters 2021年第10期17卷 581-585页

作者： Neha Jain Sujata Pandey rajiv k..Singh O.P.sinha Department of ECE Amity School of Engineering and TechnologyAmity UniversityUPNoidaIndia Department ofEEE Galgotia College of Engineering and TechnologyGreater NoidaIndia CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New DelhiIndia Amity Institute of Nanotechnology Amity University UPNoidaIndia

Novel and simplified bi-layer top-emitting white organic light emitting diodes(OLEDs)with dual co-host emitters have been simulated and *** consist of yellow-green emitting layer(EML)as electron transport layer(ETL)and blue EML as hole transport layer(HTL).Novelty of the device lies in simplification of tri-layer white OLED to a bi-layered device which is done by merging yellow-green EML with ETL and blue EML with *** simulated devices show Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage(CIE)colour coordinates well within the emission range of white *** results show that device A with 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene(rubrene)doped ETL has achieved the lowest luminance but longest excited state *** D with tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum:4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyle-6-(1,1,7,7-tetra-methyljulolidyl-9-enyl)4 H-pyran(Alq3:DCJTB)as ETL which emits yellow light and 2,7-bis[N,N-bis(4-methoxy-phenyl)amino]-9,9-spirobifluorene(MS-TPD):bis(2-methyl-8-quninolinato)-4-phenylphenolate alu-minium(BAlq)as HTL which is responsible for blue light emission is found to have best characteristics when compared to other simulated *** has a maximum luminance of 10000 cd/m2 and current efficiency of 15.25 cd/A,respectively,and CIE coordinates are at(0.329,0.319).The device is found to be compatible to be used in solid state lighting applications because of the low driving voltage of the device.

关键词： emitter diodes white

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Management of nocturnal enuresis-myths and facts

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World Journal of Nephrology 2016年第4期5卷 328-338页

作者： rajiv sinha Sumantra Raut Paediatric Nephrology Department of PediatricsInstitute of Child Health Department of Pediatrics Medical College

Nocturnal enuresis often causes considerable distress or functional impairment to patient and their parents necessitating a multidisciplinary approach from paediatrician, paediatric nephrologist, urologists and psychiatrist. Mechanisms of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis are mainly nocturnal polyuria, bladder overactivity and failure to awak.n from sleep in response to bladder sensations. Goal oriented and etiology wise treatment includes simple behavioral intervention, conditioning alarm regimen and pharmacotherapy with desmopressin, imipramine and anticholinergic drugs. Symptoms often recurs requiring change over or combination of different modes of treatment.

关键词： Nocturnal enuresis Monosymptomatic Conditioning alarm Desmopressin Imipramine

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Pediatric lupus nephritis: Management update

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World Journal of Nephrology 2014年第2期3卷 16-23页

作者： rajiv sinha Sumantra Raut Division of Pediatric Nephrology Department of Pediatrics Institute of Child Health Kolkata 700017India Department of Pediatrics Dr B C Roy Post Graduate Institute of Pediatric Sciences Kolkata 700054 India

Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus （cSLE） is a severe multisystem autoimmune disease. Renal involvement occurs in the majority of cSLE patients and is often fatal. Renal biopsy is an important investigation in the management of lupus nephritis. Treatment of renal lupus consists of an induction phase and main-tenance phase. Treatment of childhood lupus nephritis using steroids is associated with poor outcome and excess side-effects. The addition of cyclophosphamide to the treatment schedule has improved disease control. In view of treatment failure using these drugs and a tendency for non-adherence, many newer agents such as immune-modulators and monoclonal antibodies are being tried in patients with cSLE. Trials of these novel agents in the pediatric population are still lack.ng mak.ng a consensus in the management protocol of pediatric lupus nephritis diffcult.

关键词： Pediatric Lupus nephritis Management Monoclonal antibody Cyclophosphamide Mycophenolate mofetil

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Hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome-a retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Nephrology 2017年第1期6卷 41-44页

作者： Devdeep Muk.erjee rajiv sinha Md Shak.l Ak.tar Agni Sek.ar Saha Department of Pediatric Medicine Institute of Child HealthKolkata 700017India Fortis Hospitals Kolkata 700017India

AIM To ascertain the frequency of hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome （HHS） in a cohort of children with hypertensive emergency in a tertiary pediatric *** A retrospective review was undertak.n among children with hypertensive emergency admitted in our tertiary children hospital between June 2014 and December 2015 with an aim to identify any children with HHS. Three children with HHS were identifed during this *** The 3 patients with HHS presented with hypertensive emergency. They were initially managed with Labetalol infusion and thereafter switched to oral anti-hypertensives （combination of Nifedipine sustained release, Hydralazine and Beta Block.r）. All 3 were diagnosed to have unilateral renal artery stenosis. One child was lost to follow up, whereas the other 2 underwent renal angioplasty which was followed with normalization of blood *** Despite activation of renin angiotensin axis secondary to renal artery stenosis, these groups of children have significant hyponatremia. Renal re-vascularisation pro-duces excellent results in most of them.

关键词： Hypertension Hyponatremia Renovascular Encephalopathy Paediatric

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