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Traffic Engineering and Quality of Service in Hybrid Software Defined Networks

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China Communications 2024年第2期21卷 96-121页

作者： Samiullah Mehraban rajesh kumar Yadav IOT Lab Department of Computer Science&EngineeringDelhi Technological UniversityDelhi 110042India

For Future networks, many research projects have proposed different architectures around the globe;Software Defined Network(SDN) architectures, through separating Data and Control Layers, offer a crucial structure for it. With a worldwide view and centralized Control, the SDN network provides flexible and reliable network management that improves network throughput and increases link utilization. In addition, it supports an innovative flow scheduling system to help advance Traffic Engineering(TE). For Medium and large-scale networks migrating directly from a legacy network to an SDN Network seems more complicated & even impossible, as there are High potential challenges, including technical, financial, security, shortage of standards, and quality of service degradation challenges. These challenges cause the birth and pave the ground for Hybrid SDN networks, where SDN devices coexist with traditional network devices. This study explores a Hybrid SDN network’s Traffic Engineering and Quality of Services Issues. Quality of service is described by network characteristics such as latency, jitter, loss, bandwidth,and network link utilization, using industry standards and mechanisms in a Hybrid SDN Network. We have organized the related studies in a way that the Quality of Service may gain the most benefit from the concept of Hybrid SDN networks using different algorithms and mechanisms: Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL), Heuristic algorithm, K path partition algorithm, Genetic algorithm, SOTE algorithm, ROAR method, and Routing Optimization with different optimization mechanisms that help to ensure high-quality performance in a Hybrid SDN Network.

关键词： DRL hSDN QoE QoS SDN TE

Effective data transmission through energy-efficient clustering and Fuzzy-Based IDS routing approach in WSNs

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第1期6卷 1-16页

作者： Saziya TABBASSUM rajesh kumar PATHAK Research Scholar Department of Computer ScienceOPJS University ChuruSadulpurRajasthan 331303India Vice Chancellor OPJS University ChuruSadulpurRajasthan 331303India

Wireless sensor networks(WSN)gather information and sense information samples in a certain region and communicate these readings to a base station(BS).Energy efficiency is considered a major design issue in the WSNs,and can be addressed using clustering and routing *** is sent from the source to the BS via routing ***,these routing protocols must ensure that packets are delivered securely,guaranteeing that neither adversaries nor unauthentic individuals have access to the sent *** data transfer is intended to protect the data from illegal access,damage,or ***,in the proposed model,secure data transmission is developed in an energy-effective manner.A low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy(LEACH)is developed to efficiently transfer the *** the intrusion detection systems(IDS),Fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks(ANNs)are ***,the nodes were randomly placed in the network and initialized to gather *** ensure fair energy dissipation between the nodes,LEACH randomly chooses cluster heads(CHs)and allocates this role to the various nodes based on a round-robin management *** intrusion-detection procedure was then utilized to determine whether intruders were present in the *** the WSN,a Fuzzy interference rule was utilized to distinguish the malicious nodes from legal ***,an ANN was employed to distinguish the harmful nodes from suspicious *** effectiveness of the proposed approach was validated using metrics that attained 97%accuracy,97%specificity,and 97%sensitivity of 95%.Thus,it was proved that the LEACH and Fuzzy-based IDS approaches are the best choices for securing data transmission in an energy-efficient manner.

关键词： Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy(LEACH) Intrusion detection system(IDS) Wireless sensor network(WSN) Fuzzy logic and artificial neural network(ANN)

An Assisted Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease Incorporating Attention Mechanisms Med-3D Transfer Modeling

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 713-733页

作者： Yanmei Li Jinghong Tang Weiwu Ding Jian Luo Naveed Ahmad rajesh kumar School of Artificial Intelligence Chongqing University of TechnologyChongqing400054China Computer School China West Normal UniversityNanchong637009China Department of Computer Science Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou313001China

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a complex,progressive neurodegenerative *** subtle and insidious onset of its pathogenesis makes early detection of a formidable challenge in both contemporary neuroscience and clinical *** this study,we introduce an advanced diagnostic methodology rooted in theMed-3D transfermodel and enhanced with an attention *** aim to improve the precision of AD diagnosis and facilitate its early ***,we employ a spatial normalization technique to address challenges like clarity degradation and unsaturation,which are commonly observed in imaging ***,an attention mechanism is incorporated to selectively focus on the salient features within the imaging *** upon this foundation,we present the novelMed-3D transfermodel,designed to further elucidate and amplify the intricate features associated *** proposedmodel has demonstrated promising results,achieving a classification accuracy of 92%.To emphasize the robustness and practicality of our approach,we introduce an adaptive‘hot-updating’auxiliary diagnostic *** system not only enables continuous model training and optimization but also provides a dynamic platform to meet the real-time diagnostic and therapeutic demands of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease channel attention Med-3D hot update

The Impact of Heat Treatment and Surface Treatment on Thermal Conductivity of Heat Sinks Made of Aluminium Die Casting Alloys

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第4期31卷 34-41页

作者： rajesh kumar Manickam Dilip Raja Narayana Department of Mechanical Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai 600001Tamil NaduIndia

This research contributes to understand the thermal management capabilities of Plate Fin Heat Sinks(PFHS)fabricated from *** uniqueness in this study is that the heat sinks were exposed to abrasive blasting,heat treatment,and graphene coating,and a full evaluation of the influence of the aforementioned treatments on the thermal management capacities of PFHS was *** PFHS is compared with 1)abrasive blasted and graphene coated heat sink,and 2)heat treated and graphene coated heat *** assess the thermal efficiency of the PFHS variants,a dedicated experimental set up was meticulously *** is noteworthy that a junction temperature of 60℃was assumed as the reference point for the *** results revealed that the charging cycle time which denotes the time required attaining the junction temperature,increased 1.3 times for the sample being abrasive-blasted at 0.5 MPa pressure and graphene-coated for 0.5 mm when the maximum heat input of 45 W is *** low heat input of 15 W is evaluated,the results revealed that there is no significant difference in charging cycle when compared to the untreated heat *** charging cycle time increased 2 times for the sample which is heat-treated at 450℃and graphene-coated for 0.5 mm at heat input of 15 *** finding unequivocally underscores the heightened capacity of the heat treated and graphene coated PFHS made of AlSi10Mg to withstand elevated junction temperatures.

关键词： PFHS abrasive blasting heat treatment graphene

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Robust Facial Biometric Authentication System Using Pupillary Light Reflex for Liveness Detection of Facial Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 725-739页

作者： Puja S.Prasad Adepu Sree Lakshmi Sandeep Kautish Simar Preet Singh rajesh kumar Shrivastava Abdulaziz S.Almazyad Hossam M.Zawbaa Ali Wagdy Mohamed CSE Department Geethanjali College of EngineeringHyderabadTelangana501301India Department of Computer Science LBEF CampusKathmandu44600Nepal School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology(SCSET) Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia CeADAR Ireland’s Centre for AI Technological University DublinDublinD07 EWV4Ireland Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan

Pupil dynamics are the important characteristics of face spoofing *** face recognition system is one of the most used biometrics for authenticating individual *** main threats to the facial recognition system are different types of presentation attacks like print attacks,3D mask attacks,replay attacks,*** proposed model uses pupil characteristics for liveness detection during the authentication *** pupillary light reflex is an involuntary reaction controlling the pupil’s diameter at different light *** proposed framework consists of two-phase *** the first phase,the pupil’s diameter is calculated by applying stimulus(light)in one eye of the subject and calculating the constriction of the pupil size on both eyes in different video *** above measurement is converted into feature space using Kohn and Clynes model-defined *** Support Vector Machine is used to classify legitimate subjects when the diameter change is normal(or when the eye is alive)or illegitimate subjects when there is no change or abnormal oscillations of pupil behavior due to the presence of printed photograph,video,or 3D mask of the subject in front of the *** the second phase,we perform the facial recognition ***-invariant feature transform(SIFT)is used to find the features from the facial images,with each feature having a size of a 128-dimensional *** features are scale,rotation,and orientation invariant and are used for recognizing facial *** brute force matching algorithm is used for matching features of two different *** threshold value we considered is 0.08 for good *** analyze the performance of the framework,we tested our model in two Face antispoofing datasets named Replay attack datasets and CASIA-SURF datasets,which were used because they contain the videos of the subjects in each sample having three modalities(RGB,IR,Depth).The CASIA-SURF datasets showed an 89.9%Equal Err

关键词： SIFT pupil CASIA-SURF pupillary light reflex replay attack dataset brute force

Emerging Novel Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2024年第3期13卷 65-94页

作者： Amit Panwar Mohd. Imran Khan rajesh kumar Rakesh kumar Santosh kumar Rai Anil kumar New Drug Discovery Research Mankind Research Centre Mankind Pharma Limited Gurugram India

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is caused by synaptic failure and the excessive accumulation of misfolded proteins especially Aβ and tau, and associated with memory loss and cognitive impairment. Treatment of AD mainly consists of symptomatic therapy and disease-modifying therapy (DMT). Several monotherapies including small molecules or antibodies have been evaluated through multiple clinical trials, but a very few have been approved by the USFDA to intervene the disease’s pathogenesis. Past research has shown multifactorial nature of AD, therefore, multi-target drugs were proposed to target different pathways at the same time, however, currently no rationally designed multi-target directed ligand (MTDL) has been clinically approved. Different combinations and bispecific antibodies are also under development. Novel approaches like stem cell-based therapies, microRNAs, peptides, ADCs and vaccines cast a new hope for AD treatment, however, a number of questions remained to be answered prior to their safe and effective clinical translation. This review explores the small molecules, MTDL, and antibodies (monospecific and bispecific) for the treatment of AD. Finally, future perspectives (stem cell therapy, PROTAC approaches, microRNAs, ADC, peptides and vaccines) are also discussed with regard to their clinical applications and feasibility.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Disease-Modifying Therapy (DMT) MicroRNAs PROTAC

Designing of tragacanth gum-poly [2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide and poly(acrylamide) based hydrogels for drug delivery and wound dressing applications

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Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2024年第2期22卷 90-101页

作者： Kavita Devi Ashima Sharma rajesh kumar Baljit Singh Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh UniversityShimla171005India Department of Physiology Indira Gandhi Medical CollegeShimlaIndia

Bioactive tragacanth gum(TG)was functionalized by covalent crosslinking of poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide(PMEDSAH)to design network structure in form of hydrogel wound dressings(HWD).These copolymers were encapsulated with antibiotic drug vancomycin to enhance wound healing potential of the *** copolymers were characterized by SEM,AFM,FTIR,13C NMR,XRD,and TGA-DSC *** demonstrated uneven heterogeneous morphology and AFM revealed rough surface of *** of synthetic component into HD was confirmed by FTIR and 13C *** dressings absorbed 8.491.03 g/g simulated wound fluid and exhibited non-hemolytic(3.70.02%hemolytic potential)and antioxidant(37.421.54%free radical scavenging in DPPH assay)*** required 35.05.0 mN detachment force to get it detach from the mucosal surface during mucoadhesive *** strength was found to be 1.880.13 N/mm2 during mechanical stability *** dressings were permeable to O2/H2O and impermeable to *** of drug vancomycin occurred through non-Fickian diffusion mechanism and release profile was best described by Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic ***,these results revealed that these hydrogels could be explored as materials for hydrogel wound dressings.

关键词： Hydrogel dressings Drug delivery Wound dressings Vancomycin

Comprehensive analysis of uncertainty quantification for the 58Ni（n,p）58Co reaction cross section

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 174-179页

作者： Mahesh Choudhary Aman Sharma Namrata Singh Mahima Upadhyay Punit Dubey A.gandhi Akash Hingu G Mishra Sukanya De L.S.Danu Ajay kumar R.G.Thomas Saurav Sood Sajin Prasad S.Mukherjee I.N.Ruskov Yu.N.Kopatch A.kumar Department of Physics Banaras Hindu University Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering-IFIN-HH Department of Physics The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Nuclear Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Health Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Department of Electrical Power Engineering Brno University of Technology Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)

In this study,we measured the58Ni（n,p）58Co reaction cross section with neutron energies of 1.06,1.86,and 2.85 *** cross section was measured using neutron activation techniques and γ-ray spectroscopy,and it was compared with cross section data available in the ***,we calculated the covariance matrix of the measured cross section for the aforementioned nuclear *** uncertainties of the theoretical calculation for58Ni（n,p）58Co reaction cross section were calculated via Monte Carlo *** this study,we used uncertainties in the optical model and level density parameters to calculate uncertainties in the theoretical cross *** theoretical calculations were performed by using *** this study,we aim to analyze the effect of uncertainties of the nuclear model input as well as different experimental variables used to obtain the values of reaction cross section.

关键词： 58Ni(n, p)58Co reaction covariance analysis uncertainty quantification of cross section γ-ray spectroscopy

均相和非均相催化微藻脂质提取和酯交换制备生物燃料的研究进展

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第4期59卷 97-117页

作者： Vinoth kumar Ponnumsamy Hussein E.Al-Hazmi Sutha Shobana Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja Dipak Ashok Jadhav rajesh Banu J Grzegorz Piechota Bartłomiej Igliński Vinod kumar Amit Bhatnagar Kyu-Jung Chae Gopalakrishnan kumar 高雄医科大学药物与应用化学系环境医学研究中心中国台湾高雄高雄医科大学医学研究部中国台湾高雄格但斯克理工大学土木与环境工程学院波兰纳鲁特维察格但斯克范朗大学工程与技术学院建筑绿色技术与可持续发展研究组越南胡志明市工程技术学院科学与人文系化学部印度泰米尔纳德邦韩国海洋大学海洋科学与工程学院环境工程系韩国釜山泰米尔纳德邦中央大学生命科学系印度泰米尔纳德邦 GPCHEM沼气研究与分析实验室波兰尼古拉斯哥白尼大学化学系波兰克兰菲尔德大学水与能源学院英国拉彭兰塔工业大学工程科学学院分离科学系芬兰韩国海洋大学海洋可再生能源工程专业韩国釜山延世大学土木与环境工程学院韩国首尔斯塔万格大学科学技术学院化学、生物科学与环境工程研究所挪威斯塔万格

随着化石燃料燃烧导致的二氧化碳排放不断加剧气候变化,且化石燃料储量日益减少,寻求可再生能源已成为一项紧迫的任务.其中,藻类衍生可持续燃料因具有成本优势和可运输性,在解决全球能源危机方面展现出广阔前景,备受关注.利用化学转化... 详细信息

随着化石燃料燃烧导致的二氧化碳排放不断加剧气候变化,且化石燃料储量日益减少,寻求可再生能源已成为一项紧迫的任务.其中,藻类衍生可持续燃料因具有成本优势和可运输性,在解决全球能源危机方面展现出广阔前景,备受关注.利用化学转化技术从微藻中提取脂质,并通过酯交换反应可以将其转化为脂肪酸甲酯,是生产绿色生物燃料的有效途径.这一过程涉及游离脂肪酸、磷脂和甘油三酯的提取,并且生产过程能耗低,成为满足日益增长的能源需求的一种理想解决方案.本文综述了微藻脂质提取和酯交换制备生物燃料的相关研究进展.首先,介绍了微藻脂质的提取方法,包括溶剂提取法、索氏提取法、布利格和戴耶法、超临界二氧化碳提取以及离子液体溶剂法等,并分析了各方法的优缺点.随后,重点阐述了酯交换技术在微藻脂质转化中的应用,包括酸碱催化、酶催化以及原位酯交换反应等,并探讨了这些技术的反应机理、催化剂选择、反应器设计以及生物油生产工艺等方面的研究进展.通过综述上述研究进展,为微藻脂质的生产和应用提供了理论指导.研究表明,通过优化催化剂种类、反应条件以及提取方法,可以有效提高微藻脂质的转化效率和生物油品质.同时,本文也指出了当前微藻脂质生产中面临的挑战,如微藻栽培和生长条件优化、高效转化技术的开发等.随着可持续能源日益受到重视,微藻脂质作为一种可再生能源具有巨大的发展潜力.未来研究应进一步关注微藻的规模化栽培、生长条件优化以及高效转化技术的研发,以提高微藻脂质的产量和品质.同时,应进一步推动和实现微藻生物燃料的实际应用,从而为应对气候变化和能源危机提供有效的解决方案.

关键词：微藻脂质提取酯交换催化酶催化原位技术