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Effective data transmission through energy-efficient clustering and Fuzzy-Based IDS routing approach in WSNs

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第1期6卷 1-16页

作者： Saziya TABBASSUM rajesh kumar PATHAK Research Scholar Department of Computer ScienceOPJS University ChuruSadulpurRajasthan 331303India Vice Chancellor OPJS University ChuruSadulpurRajasthan 331303India

Wireless sensor networks(WSN)gather information and sense information samples in a certain region and communicate these readings to a base station(BS).Energy efficiency is considered a major design issue in the WSNs,and can be addressed using clustering and routing *** is sent from the source to the BS via routing ***,these routing protocols must ensure that packets are delivered securely,guaranteeing that neither adversaries nor unauthentic individuals have access to the sent *** data transfer is intended to protect the data from illegal access,damage,or ***,in the proposed model,secure data transmission is developed in an energy-effective manner.A low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy(LEACH)is developed to efficiently transfer the *** the intrusion detection systems(IDS),Fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks(ANNs)are ***,the nodes were randomly placed in the network and initialized to gather *** ensure fair energy dissipation between the nodes,LEACH randomly chooses cluster heads(CHs)and allocates this role to the various nodes based on a round-robin management *** intrusion-detection procedure was then utilized to determine whether intruders were present in the *** the WSN,a Fuzzy interference rule was utilized to distinguish the malicious nodes from legal ***,an ANN was employed to distinguish the harmful nodes from suspicious *** effectiveness of the proposed approach was validated using metrics that attained 97%accuracy,97%specificity,and 97%sensitivity of 95%.Thus,it was proved that the LEACH and Fuzzy-based IDS approaches are the best choices for securing data transmission in an energy-efficient manner.

关键词： Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy(LEACH) Intrusion detection system(IDS) Wireless sensor network(WSN) Fuzzy logic and artificial neural network(ANN)

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis associated with scrub typhus:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第8期17卷 375-378页

作者： Amit kumar rajesh Chetiwal Shweta Tanwar Department of Medicine ESIC Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchBasaidarapurNew DelhiIndia Indian Council of Medical Research New DelhiIndia

Rationale:Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis(LETM)is a rare inflammatory demyelinating disease predominantly associated with autoimmune and inflammatory *** typhus can cause a variety of neurological complications,which may result in poor recovery and long-term *** report reveals a rare linkage between LETM and scrub *** concerns:A 24-year-old female presented with a history of fever for 10 days associated with progressive *** examination revealed bilateral lower limb weakness(grade 0/5)and bilateral upper limb weakness(grade 2/5)with reduced sensation below the T3 ***:Scrub typhus presenting with longitudinally extensive transverse ***:Steroid pulse therapy with antibiotics supported by early intensive ***:Complete recovery was ***:This case report highlights the importance of considering scrub typhus as a potential cause of LETM in endemic regions,particularly in patients presenting with febrile illness and neurological symptoms.

关键词： Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis Scrub typhus Orientia tsutsugamushi Case report

The Impact of Heat Treatment and Surface Treatment on Thermal Conductivity of Heat Sinks Made of Aluminium Die Casting Alloys

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第4期31卷 34-41页

作者： rajesh kumar Manickam Dilip Raja Narayana Department of Mechanical Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai 600001Tamil NaduIndia

This research contributes to understand the thermal management capabilities of Plate Fin Heat Sinks(PFHS)fabricated from *** uniqueness in this study is that the heat sinks were exposed to abrasive blasting,heat treatment,and graphene coating,and a full evaluation of the influence of the aforementioned treatments on the thermal management capacities of PFHS was *** PFHS is compared with 1)abrasive blasted and graphene coated heat sink,and 2)heat treated and graphene coated heat *** assess the thermal efficiency of the PFHS variants,a dedicated experimental set up was meticulously *** is noteworthy that a junction temperature of 60℃was assumed as the reference point for the *** results revealed that the charging cycle time which denotes the time required attaining the junction temperature,increased 1.3 times for the sample being abrasive-blasted at 0.5 MPa pressure and graphene-coated for 0.5 mm when the maximum heat input of 45 W is *** low heat input of 15 W is evaluated,the results revealed that there is no significant difference in charging cycle when compared to the untreated heat *** charging cycle time increased 2 times for the sample which is heat-treated at 450℃and graphene-coated for 0.5 mm at heat input of 15 *** finding unequivocally underscores the heightened capacity of the heat treated and graphene coated PFHS made of AlSi10Mg to withstand elevated junction temperatures.

关键词： PFHS abrasive blasting heat treatment graphene

An Assisted Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease Incorporating Attention Mechanisms Med-3D Transfer Modeling

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 713-733页

作者： Yanmei Li Jinghong Tang Weiwu Ding Jian Luo Naveed Ahmad rajesh kumar School of Artificial Intelligence Chongqing University of TechnologyChongqing400054China Computer School China West Normal UniversityNanchong637009China Department of Computer Science Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou313001China

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a complex,progressive neurodegenerative *** subtle and insidious onset of its pathogenesis makes early detection of a formidable challenge in both contemporary neuroscience and clinical *** this study,we introduce an advanced diagnostic methodology rooted in theMed-3D transfermodel and enhanced with an attention *** aim to improve the precision of AD diagnosis and facilitate its early ***,we employ a spatial normalization technique to address challenges like clarity degradation and unsaturation,which are commonly observed in imaging ***,an attention mechanism is incorporated to selectively focus on the salient features within the imaging *** upon this foundation,we present the novelMed-3D transfermodel,designed to further elucidate and amplify the intricate features associated *** proposedmodel has demonstrated promising results,achieving a classification accuracy of 92%.To emphasize the robustness and practicality of our approach,we introduce an adaptive‘hot-updating’auxiliary diagnostic *** system not only enables continuous model training and optimization but also provides a dynamic platform to meet the real-time diagnostic and therapeutic demands of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease channel attention Med-3D hot update

Refining aquifer heterogeneity and understanding groundwater recharge sources in an intensively exploited agrarian dominated region of the Ganga Plain

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 134-147页

作者： Abhinav Patel Shive Prakash Rai Nijesh Puthiyottil Abhinesh kumar Singh Jacob Noble rajesh Singh Dharmappa Hagare U.D.Saravana kumar Nachiketa Rai Kossitse Venyo Akpataku Department of Geology Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar Pradesh 221005India Isotope and Radiation Application Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai 400085India Environmental Hydrology Division National Institute of HydrologyRoorkeeUttarakhand 247667India School of Engineering Design and Built EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityAustralia Isotope Hydrology Section Division of Physical and Chemical SciencesInternational Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)ViennaAustria Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkeeUttarakhand 247667India Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Environmental Science Department of ChemistryUniversity of KaraPO Box 404KaraTogo

Densely populated region of Ganga Plain is facing aquifer vulnerability through waterborne pollutants and groundwater stress due to indiscriminate abstraction,causing environmental and socio-economic *** address long-term groundwater resilience,it is crucial to understand aquifer heterogeneity and connectivity,groundwater recharge sources,effects of groundwater abstraction *** this con-text,present study aims to understand factors responsible for vertical and spatial variability of groundwater chemistry and to identify groundwater recharge sources in an intensively exploited agrarian region of the Ganga *** of chemometric,statistical,and isotopic analysis categorises the alluvial aquifer into zone 1(G1;ground surface to 100 m)and zone 2(G2;>100 m-210 m).The group G1 samples are characterized by a wide variation in hydrochemical species,noted with pockets of F-and NO3-rich groundwater,and fresh to more evolved water types,while group G2 groundwater is characterized by a sharp increase in freshwater types and limited variation in their isotopic and hydrochemical *** G1 groundwater chemistry is governed by soil mineralogy,local anthropogenic inputs(SO42-,Cl-,and NO3-),and manifested by multiple recharge sources(local precipitation,river,canal water,pond).The G2 group is dominated by geogenic processes and mainly recharged by the local *** signatures confirm more evolved water type for group G1 in northwestern region,while fresh-water type covers the rest of the study *** rich groundwater is attributed to sodic water under alkaline conditions and enrichedδ18O values emphasizing role of evaporation in F-mobilization from micas and amphiboles abundant in the *** findings provide insight into potential groundwater vulnerability towards inorganic contaminants,and ground water recharge *** outcome of this study will help to develop aquifer resilience towards indiscriminate groundwater extrac

关键词： Stable isotopes Hydrogeochemical attributes Groundwater recharge sources Ganga Plain

Improved neurological diagnoses and treatment strategies via automated human brain tissue segmentation from clinical magnetic resonance imaging

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 161-169页

作者： Puranam Revanth kumar rajesh kumar Jha P Akhendra kumar B Deevena Raju Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyICFAI Foundation for Higher EducationHyderabadIndia Department of Data Science&AI Faculty of Science and TechnologyICFAI Foundation for Higher EducationHyderabadIndia

Objective Segmentation of medical images is a crucial process in various image analysis *** segmentation methods excel in accuracy when compared to manual segmentation in the context of medical image *** of the essential phases in the quantitative analysis of the brain is automated brain tissue segmentation using clinically obtained magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)*** allows for precise quantitative examination of the brain,which aids in diagnosis,identification,and classification of ***,the efficacy of the segmentation approach is crucial to disease diagnosis and treatment *** This study presented a hybrid optimization method for segmenting brain tissue in clinical MRI scans us-ing a fractional Henry horse herd gas optimization-based Shepard convolutional neural network(FrHHGO-based ShCNN).To segment the clinical brain MRI images into white matter(WM),grey matter(GM),and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)tissues,the proposed framework was evaluated on the Lifespan Human Connectome Projects(HCP)*** hybrid optimization algorithm,FrHHGO,integrates the fractional Henry gas optimization(FHGO)and horse herd optimization(HHO)*** required 30 min,whereas testing and segmentation of brain tissues from an unseen image required an average of 12 *** Compared to the results obtained with no refinements,the Skull stripping refinement showed significant *** the method included a preprocessing stage,it was flexible enough to enhance image quality,allowing for better results even with low-resolution *** precision of 93.2%,recall of 91.5%,Dice score of 91.1%,and F1-score of 90.5% were achieved using the proposed FrHHGO-based ShCNN,which was superior to all other approaches.

关键词： Brain tissue segmentation Deep learning Magnetic resonance imaging Optimization technique Shepard convolutional neural network

Emerging Novel Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2024年第3期13卷 65-94页

作者： Amit Panwar Mohd. Imran Khan rajesh kumar Rakesh kumar Santosh kumar Rai Anil kumar New Drug Discovery Research Mankind Research Centre Mankind Pharma Limited Gurugram India

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is caused by synaptic failure and the excessive accumulation of misfolded proteins especially Aβ and tau, and associated with memory loss and cognitive impairment. Treatment of AD mainly consists of symptomatic therapy and disease-modifying therapy (DMT). Several monotherapies including small molecules or antibodies have been evaluated through multiple clinical trials, but a very few have been approved by the USFDA to intervene the disease’s pathogenesis. Past research has shown multifactorial nature of AD, therefore, multi-target drugs were proposed to target different pathways at the same time, however, currently no rationally designed multi-target directed ligand (MTDL) has been clinically approved. Different combinations and bispecific antibodies are also under development. Novel approaches like stem cell-based therapies, microRNAs, peptides, ADCs and vaccines cast a new hope for AD treatment, however, a number of questions remained to be answered prior to their safe and effective clinical translation. This review explores the small molecules, MTDL, and antibodies (monospecific and bispecific) for the treatment of AD. Finally, future perspectives (stem cell therapy, PROTAC approaches, microRNAs, ADC, peptides and vaccines) are also discussed with regard to their clinical applications and feasibility.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Disease-Modifying Therapy (DMT) MicroRNAs PROTAC

Robust Facial Biometric Authentication System Using Pupillary Light Reflex for Liveness Detection of Facial Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 725-739页

作者： Puja S.Prasad Adepu Sree Lakshmi Sandeep Kautish Simar Preet Singh rajesh kumar Shrivastava Abdulaziz S.Almazyad Hossam M.Zawbaa Ali Wagdy Mohamed CSE Department Geethanjali College of EngineeringHyderabadTelangana501301India Department of Computer Science LBEF CampusKathmandu44600Nepal School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology(SCSET) Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia CeADAR Ireland’s Centre for AI Technological University DublinDublinD07 EWV4Ireland Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan

Pupil dynamics are the important characteristics of face spoofing *** face recognition system is one of the most used biometrics for authenticating individual *** main threats to the facial recognition system are different types of presentation attacks like print attacks,3D mask attacks,replay attacks,*** proposed model uses pupil characteristics for liveness detection during the authentication *** pupillary light reflex is an involuntary reaction controlling the pupil’s diameter at different light *** proposed framework consists of two-phase *** the first phase,the pupil’s diameter is calculated by applying stimulus(light)in one eye of the subject and calculating the constriction of the pupil size on both eyes in different video *** above measurement is converted into feature space using Kohn and Clynes model-defined *** Support Vector Machine is used to classify legitimate subjects when the diameter change is normal(or when the eye is alive)or illegitimate subjects when there is no change or abnormal oscillations of pupil behavior due to the presence of printed photograph,video,or 3D mask of the subject in front of the *** the second phase,we perform the facial recognition ***-invariant feature transform(SIFT)is used to find the features from the facial images,with each feature having a size of a 128-dimensional *** features are scale,rotation,and orientation invariant and are used for recognizing facial *** brute force matching algorithm is used for matching features of two different *** threshold value we considered is 0.08 for good *** analyze the performance of the framework,we tested our model in two Face antispoofing datasets named Replay attack datasets and CASIA-SURF datasets,which were used because they contain the videos of the subjects in each sample having three modalities(RGB,IR,Depth).The CASIA-SURF datasets showed an 89.9%Equal Err

关键词： SIFT pupil CASIA-SURF pupillary light reflex replay attack dataset brute force

Designing of tragacanth gum-poly [2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide and poly(acrylamide) based hydrogels for drug delivery and wound dressing applications

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Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2024年第2期22卷 90-101页

作者： Kavita Devi Ashima Sharma rajesh kumar Baljit Singh Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh UniversityShimla171005India Department of Physiology Indira Gandhi Medical CollegeShimlaIndia

Bioactive tragacanth gum(TG)was functionalized by covalent crosslinking of poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide(PMEDSAH)to design network structure in form of hydrogel wound dressings(HWD).These copolymers were encapsulated with antibiotic drug vancomycin to enhance wound healing potential of the *** copolymers were characterized by SEM,AFM,FTIR,13C NMR,XRD,and TGA-DSC *** demonstrated uneven heterogeneous morphology and AFM revealed rough surface of *** of synthetic component into HD was confirmed by FTIR and 13C *** dressings absorbed 8.491.03 g/g simulated wound fluid and exhibited non-hemolytic(3.70.02%hemolytic potential)and antioxidant(37.421.54%free radical scavenging in DPPH assay)*** required 35.05.0 mN detachment force to get it detach from the mucosal surface during mucoadhesive *** strength was found to be 1.880.13 N/mm2 during mechanical stability *** dressings were permeable to O2/H2O and impermeable to *** of drug vancomycin occurred through non-Fickian diffusion mechanism and release profile was best described by Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic ***,these results revealed that these hydrogels could be explored as materials for hydrogel wound dressings.

关键词： Hydrogel dressings Drug delivery Wound dressings Vancomycin