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Traffic Engineering and Quality of Service in Hybrid Software Defined Networks

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China Communications 2024年第2期21卷 96-121页

作者： Samiullah Mehraban rajesh Kumar Yadav IOT Lab Department of Computer Science&EngineeringDelhi Technological UniversityDelhi 110042India

For Future networks, many research projects have proposed different architectures around the globe;Software Defined Network(SDN) architectures, through separating Data and Control Layers, offer a crucial structure for it. With a worldwide view and centralized Control, the SDN network provides flexible and reliable network management that improves network throughput and increases link utilization. In addition, it supports an innovative flow scheduling system to help advance Traffic Engineering(TE). For Medium and large-scale networks migrating directly from a legacy network to an SDN Network seems more complicated & even impossible, as there are High potential challenges, including technical, financial, security, shortage of standards, and quality of service degradation challenges. These challenges cause the birth and pave the ground for Hybrid SDN networks, where SDN devices coexist with traditional network devices. This study explores a Hybrid SDN network’s Traffic Engineering and Quality of Services Issues. Quality of service is described by network characteristics such as latency, jitter, loss, bandwidth,and network link utilization, using industry standards and mechanisms in a Hybrid SDN Network. We have organized the related studies in a way that the Quality of Service may gain the most benefit from the concept of Hybrid SDN networks using different algorithms and mechanisms: Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL), Heuristic algorithm, K path partition algorithm, Genetic algorithm, SOTE algorithm, ROAR method, and Routing Optimization with different optimization mechanisms that help to ensure high-quality performance in a Hybrid SDN Network.

关键词： DRL hSDN QoE QoS SDN TE

Performance of Bacillus tropicus on Mechanical,Durable and Crack Remediation Properties in Sustainable Vermiculite Concrete

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1987-1999页

作者： Anbazhagan rajesh Venkatesh Sri Hariny Arunachalam Sumathi School of Civil Engineering SASTRA Deemed to be UniversityThirumalaisamudramThanjavurTamilnadu613401India

Sustainable cement-based concrete materials are primarily used for construction,among which vermiculite as lightweight fine aggregate gains more future development ***,a bacterial solution was sprayed over vermiculite and wrapped using calcium sulphoaluminate(CSA)cement to replace with fine aggregate in ***,based on a preliminary test on compressive strength results,10%of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag(GGBS)and a healing solution proportion of 9:1 was selected for preparing self-healing *** fine aggregate was replaced in concrete using vermiculite in 0%,5%,10%and 15%and the findings suggest that bacterial vermiculite replacement should be at most 5%to achieve better results in strength and durable *** strength enhancement observed for compressive strength,strength regain,split tensile strength,flexural strength,and ultrasonic pulse velocity were 29.22%,45.5%,34.02%,28.03%and 41.4%*** crack healing at 7,14 and 28 days of BIVC was 38.23%,58.82%and 79.41%,which is 3–4%lower than internal crack *** analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),X-Ray Diffractometer(XRD),and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(EDS)reveals the existence of calcite,and it was formed due to the bio-mineral action of bacteria with available nutrients in sustainable concrete.

关键词： Bacillus tropicus Vermiculite Ground granulated blast furnace slag Mechanical properties Durable properties Crack healing Microstructural characterization

Dual PPAR delta/gamma agonist offer therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1175-1176页

作者： Ian Steinke Meenakshi Singh rajesh amin Department of Drug Discovery and Development Auburn UniversityAuburn AlabamaALUSA

The increasing incidence of Alzheimer's disease(AD)in the aging population,indicates the critical need for the development of novel targeted molecular therapies for ameliorating AD ***,clinical and preclinical evidence demonstrates that peroxisomal proliferator activating receptors(PPAR)agonists regulate energy and lipid homeostasis in models of diabetes,as well as improve spatial memory in animal models of AD(Khan et al.,2019).

关键词： Alzheimer clinical homeostasis

Effective data transmission through energy-efficient clustering and Fuzzy-Based IDS routing approach in WSNs

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第1期6卷 1-16页

作者： Saziya TABBASSUM rajesh Kumar PATHAK Research Scholar Department of Computer ScienceOPJS University ChuruSadulpurRajasthan 331303India Vice Chancellor OPJS University ChuruSadulpurRajasthan 331303India

Wireless sensor networks(WSN)gather information and sense information samples in a certain region and communicate these readings to a base station(BS).Energy efficiency is considered a major design issue in the WSNs,and can be addressed using clustering and routing *** is sent from the source to the BS via routing ***,these routing protocols must ensure that packets are delivered securely,guaranteeing that neither adversaries nor unauthentic individuals have access to the sent *** data transfer is intended to protect the data from illegal access,damage,or ***,in the proposed model,secure data transmission is developed in an energy-effective manner.A low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy(LEACH)is developed to efficiently transfer the *** the intrusion detection systems(IDS),Fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks(ANNs)are ***,the nodes were randomly placed in the network and initialized to gather *** ensure fair energy dissipation between the nodes,LEACH randomly chooses cluster heads(CHs)and allocates this role to the various nodes based on a round-robin management *** intrusion-detection procedure was then utilized to determine whether intruders were present in the *** the WSN,a Fuzzy interference rule was utilized to distinguish the malicious nodes from legal ***,an ANN was employed to distinguish the harmful nodes from suspicious *** effectiveness of the proposed approach was validated using metrics that attained 97%accuracy,97%specificity,and 97%sensitivity of 95%.Thus,it was proved that the LEACH and Fuzzy-based IDS approaches are the best choices for securing data transmission in an energy-efficient manner.

关键词： Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy(LEACH) Intrusion detection system(IDS) Wireless sensor network(WSN) Fuzzy logic and artificial neural network(ANN)

Effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose and xylotriose on plasma immunoglobulin, cecal metabolites production, microbial ecology, and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1578-1589页

作者： Razib Das Pravin Mishra Birendra Mishra rajesh Jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background Dietary supplementation of xylooligosac charides(XOS) has been found to influence gut health by manipulating cecal microbiota and producing microbe-origin *** no study investigated and compared the effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose(XOS2) and xy lotriose(XOS3) in *** study investigated the effect of in ovo feeding of these XOS compounds on post-hatch gut health parameters in chickens.A total of 144 fertilized chicken eggs were divided into three groups:a) non-injected control(CON),b) XOS2,and c) *** the 17^(th) embryonic day,the eggs of the XOS2 and XOS3 groups were injected with 3 mg of XOS2 and XOS3 diluted in 0.5 mL of 0.85% normal saline through the amniotic *** hatching,the chicks were raised for 21 *** was collected on d 14 to measure plasma *** digests were collected for measuring short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) on d 14 and 21,and for microbial ecology and microbial metabolic pathway analyses on d 7 and *** The results were considered significantly different at P<*** quantified plasma IgA and IgG on d 14chickens,revealing no differences among the *** chromatography results showed no significant differences in the concentrations of cecal SCFAs on d 14 but significant differences on d ***;the SCFA concentrations were lower in the XOS3 than in the CON group on d *** cecal metagenomics data showed that the abundance of the family Clostridiaceae significantly decreased on d 7,and the abundance of the family Oscillospiraceae increased on d 21 in the XOS2 compared to the *** was a reduction in the relative abundance of genus Clostridium sense stricto 1 in the XOS2 compared to the CON on d 7 and the genus Ruminococcus,torques in both XOS2 and XOS3 groups compared to the CON on d *** XOS2 and XOS3 groups reduced the genes for chondroitin sulfate degradation Ⅰ and L-histidine degradation Ⅰpathways,which contribute to improved gut health,respectivelyc in the micr

关键词： Broiler In ovo Metagenomics Prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis associated with scrub typhus:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第8期17卷 375-378页

作者： Amit Kumar rajesh Chetiwal Shweta Tanwar Department of Medicine ESIC Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchBasaidarapurNew DelhiIndia Indian Council of Medical Research New DelhiIndia

Rationale:Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis(LETM)is a rare inflammatory demyelinating disease predominantly associated with autoimmune and inflammatory *** typhus can cause a variety of neurological complications,which may result in poor recovery and long-term *** report reveals a rare linkage between LETM and scrub *** concerns:A 24-year-old female presented with a history of fever for 10 days associated with progressive *** examination revealed bilateral lower limb weakness(grade 0/5)and bilateral upper limb weakness(grade 2/5)with reduced sensation below the T3 ***:Scrub typhus presenting with longitudinally extensive transverse ***:Steroid pulse therapy with antibiotics supported by early intensive ***:Complete recovery was ***:This case report highlights the importance of considering scrub typhus as a potential cause of LETM in endemic regions,particularly in patients presenting with febrile illness and neurological symptoms.

关键词： Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis Scrub typhus Orientia tsutsugamushi Case report

The Impact of Heat Treatment and Surface Treatment on Thermal Conductivity of Heat Sinks Made of Aluminium Die Casting Alloys

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第4期31卷 34-41页

作者： rajesh Kumar Manickam Dilip Raja Narayana Department of Mechanical Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai 600001Tamil NaduIndia

This research contributes to understand the thermal management capabilities of Plate Fin Heat Sinks(PFHS)fabricated from *** uniqueness in this study is that the heat sinks were exposed to abrasive blasting,heat treatment,and graphene coating,and a full evaluation of the influence of the aforementioned treatments on the thermal management capacities of PFHS was *** PFHS is compared with 1)abrasive blasted and graphene coated heat sink,and 2)heat treated and graphene coated heat *** assess the thermal efficiency of the PFHS variants,a dedicated experimental set up was meticulously *** is noteworthy that a junction temperature of 60℃was assumed as the reference point for the *** results revealed that the charging cycle time which denotes the time required attaining the junction temperature,increased 1.3 times for the sample being abrasive-blasted at 0.5 MPa pressure and graphene-coated for 0.5 mm when the maximum heat input of 45 W is *** low heat input of 15 W is evaluated,the results revealed that there is no significant difference in charging cycle when compared to the untreated heat *** charging cycle time increased 2 times for the sample which is heat-treated at 450℃and graphene-coated for 0.5 mm at heat input of 15 *** finding unequivocally underscores the heightened capacity of the heat treated and graphene coated PFHS made of AlSi10Mg to withstand elevated junction temperatures.

关键词： PFHS abrasive blasting heat treatment graphene

Pre‑hatch thermal manipulation of embryos and post‑hatch baicalein supplementation mitigated heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1071-1085页

作者： Sadid Al Amaz Ajay Chaudhary Prem Lal Mahato rajesh Jha Birendra Mishra Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawai’i at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background High environmental temperatures induce heat stress in broiler chickens,affecting their health and pro-duction *** dietary,managerial,and genetics strategies have been tested with some success in mitigating heat stress(HS)in *** novel HS mitigation strategies for sustaining broiler production is critically *** study investigated the effects of pre-hatch thermal manipulation(TM)and post-hatch baica-lein supplementation on growth performance and health parameters in heat-stressed *** Six hundred fertile Cobb 500 eggs were incubated for 21 *** candling on embryonic day(ED)10,238 eggs were thermally manipulated at 38.5℃ with 55%relative humidity(RH)from ED 12 to 18,then transferred to the hatcher(ED 19 to 21,standard temperature)and 236 eggs were incubated at a controlled temperature(37.5℃)till *** hatch,180-day-old chicks from both groups were raised in 36 pens(n=10 birds/pen,6 replicates per treatment).The treatments were:1)Control,2)TM,3)control heat stress(CHS),4)thermal manipulation heat stress(TMHS),5)control heat stress supplement(CHSS),and 6)thermal manipulation heat stress supplement(TMHSS).All birds were raised under the standard environment for 21 d,followed by chronic heat stress from d 22 to 35(32–33℃ for 8 h)in the CHS,TMHS,CHSS,and TMHSS groups.A thermoneutral(22–24℃)environment was maintained in the Control and TM *** was constant(50%±5%)throughout the *** the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in R and GraphPad software at P<0.05 and are presented as mean±*** stress significantly decreased(P<0.05)the final body weight and ADG in CHS and TMHS groups compared to the other *** TM significantly increased(P<0.05)the expression of heat shock protein-related genes(HSP70,HSP90,and HSPH1)and antioxidant-related genes(GPX1 and TXN).TMHS birds showed a significant increment(P<0.05)in total cecal volatile fatty acid(VFA)concentration compared to the CHS bird

关键词： Baicalein Growth performance Gut microbiota Heat stress Thermal manipulation

Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on growth performance,intestinal barrier function and cecal microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers under heat stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 344-361页

作者： Wenchao Liu Huimei Liu Yaoyao Wang Zhongxiang Zhao Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian rajesh Jha Department of Animal Science College of Coastal Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong 524088People’s Republic of China Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Life ScienceSejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background Global warming leading to heat stress(HS)is becoming a major challenge for broiler *** study aimed to explore the protective effects of seaweed(Enteromorpha prolifera)polysaccharides(EPS)on the intestinal barrier function,microbial ecology,and performance of broilers under HS.A total of 144 yellow-feathered broilers(male,56 days old)with 682.59±7.38 g were randomly assigned to 3 groups:1)TN(thermal neutral zone,23.6±1.8℃),2)HS(heat stress,33.2±1.5℃ for 10 h/d),and 3)HSE(HS+0.1%EPS).Each group contained 6 replicates with 8 broilers per *** study was conducted for 4 weeks;feed intake and body weights were measured at the end of weeks 2 and *** the end of the feeding trial,small intestine samples were collected for histomorphology,antioxidant,secretory immunoglobulin A(s Ig A)content,apoptosis,gene and protein expression analysis;cecal contents were also collected for microbiota analysis based on 16S r DNA *** Dietary EPS promoted the average daily gain(ADG)of broilers during 3–4 weeks of HS(P<0.05).At the end of HS on broilers,the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione S-transferase(GST),and the content of s Ig A in jejunum were improved by EPS supplementation(P<0.05).Besides,dietary EPS reduced the epithelial cell apoptosis of jejunum and ileum in heat-stressed broilers(P<0.05).Addition of EPS in HS group broilers'diet upregulated the relative m RNA expression of Occludin,ZO-1,γ-GCLc and IL-10 of the jejunum(P<0.05),whereas downregulated the relative m RNA expression of NF-κB p65,TNF-αand IL-1βof the jejunum(P<0.05).Dietary EPS increased the protein expression of Occludin and ZO-1,whereas it reduced the protein expression of NF-κB p65 and MLCK(P<0.01)and tended to decrease the protein expression of TNF-α(P=0.094)in heat-stressed ***,the proportions of Bacteroides and Oscillospira among the three groups were positively associated with jejunal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine ex

关键词： Broilers Cecal microbiota Heat stress Intestinal barrier function Seaweed polysaccharides