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Ménage-à-trois of bariatric surgery,bile acids and the gut microbiome

World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第3期6卷 367-370页

作者： rajendra Raghow Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of pharmacology University of Tennessee Health Science Center

Bariatric surgeries have emerged as highly effective treatments for obesity associated type-2 diabetes ***,the desired therapeutic endpoints such as rates of weight loss,lower levels of glycated hemoglobin and remission of diabetes are achieved more rapidly and last longer following bariatric surgery,as opposed to drug therapies *** light of these findings,it has been suspected that in addition to causing weight loss dependent glucose intolerance,bariatric surgery induces other physiological changes that contribute to the alleviation of ***,the putative post-surgical neuro-hormonal pathways that underpin the therapeutic benefits of bariatric surgery remain *** a recent report,Ryan and colleagues shed new light on the potential mechanisms that determine the salutary effects of bariatric surgery in *** authors demonstrated that the improved glucose tolerance and weight loss in mice after vertical sleeve gastrectomy(VSG) surgery were likely to be caused by post-surgical changes in circulating bile acids and farnesoid-X receptor(FXR) signaling,both of which were also mechanistically linked to changes in the microbial ecology of the *** authors arrived at this conclusion from a comparison of genome-wide,metabolic consequences of VSG surgery in obese wild type(WT) and FXR knockout *** expression in the distal small intestines of WT and FXR knockout mice revealed that the pathways regulating bile acid composition,nutrient metabolism and anti-oxidant defense were differentially altered by VSG surgery in WT and FXR-/-*** on these data Ryan et al,hypothesized that bile acid homeostasis and FXR signaling were mechanistically linked to the gut microbiota that played a role in modulating post-surgical changes in total body mass and glucose *** authors' data provide a plausible explanation for putative weight loss-independent benefits of bariatric surgery and its relationship with metabolism of bile acids.

关键词： Vertical sleeve gastrectomy Bile acids Farnesoid-X-receptor Type-2 diabetes mellitus Gutmicrobiome Bariatric surgery

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Metabolic balancing acts of vitamin A in type-2 diabetes and obesity

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World Journal of Diabetes 2012年第10期3卷 174-177页

作者： rajendra Raghow Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center MemphisTN 38104United States Department of pharmacology University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTN 38163United States

Using mice that lack retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 gene(Raldh1-/-mice),Kierfer et al demonstrated that retinoids(metabolites of Vitamin A) play an important role in the regulation of cellular metabolisms and *** Aldh1a1-/-mice were leaner and less prone to accumulate subcutaneous and visceral fat,and to acquire insulin resistance on high fat *** lower fasting glucose levels concomitant with reduced hepatic expression of glucose 6-phosphatase and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase genes indicated that Aldh1a1-/-mice were defective in *** mice also had lower plasma levels of triglycerides,very low-density lipoprotein and lowdensity lipoprotein-triacylglycerol,while their skeletal muscles elicited higher expression of carnitine palmatoyl transferase,medium chain acyl-A dehydrogenase,peroxisome proliferation activated receptor(ppARα and ppARδ.Thus,the improved lipid and lipoprotein profiles of Raldh1a1-/-mice resulted from a combination of reduced lipogenesis and enhanced fatty acid oxidation by *** mechanistic details of how retinoids integrate fasting glucose,hepatic gluconeogenesis and adaptive thermogenesis independent of body mass deserve further study.

关键词： Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 Vitamin A Retinoids Gluconeogenesis type 2 diabetes

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Understanding that Addiction Is a Brain Disorder Offers Help and Hope

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Health 2022年第6期14卷 684-695页

作者： Kenneth Blum Abdalla Bowirrat David Baron rajendra D. Badgaiyan panayotis K. Thanos Igor Elman Eric R. Braverman Mark S. Gold Division of Addiction Research & Education Center for Psychiatry Medicine & Primary Care (Office of the Provost) Western University Health Sciences Pomona USA Department of Molecular Biology and Adelson School of Medicine Ariel University Ariel Israel Department of psychiatry South Texas Veteran Health Care System Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital and Long School of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio USA Department of psychiatry MT. Sinai School of Medicine New York USA Department of psychology & Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA) Research Institute on Addictions University at Buffalo Buffalo USA Department of psychiatry Harvard School of Medicine Cambridge USA Division of personalized Medicine The Kenneth Blum Behavioral & Neurogenetic Institute (Division of iVitalize Inc.) Austin USA Department of psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis USA

We refute the controversial statement that addiction is not a brain disorder. Extensive peer-reviewed studies support the underlying neurobiological and neurogenetic basis of addiction’s “disease model”. In the 70s and 80s, a few clinical scientists suggested that it is possible to use behavioral training to teach controlled drinking. However, this controversial model failed drastically and increased labeling and stigmatization. Additionally, it was unhelpful in the search for treatment. Instead, we assert that addiction is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by a recurring desire to continue taking substances despite harmful physical and mental consequences. Work from our laboratory in 1995 supported the Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) concept based on a common neurogenetic mechanism (hypodopaminergia) that underlies all substance and non-substance addictions. Non-substance addictions include behaviors like pathological gambling, internet addiction, and mobile phone addiction. Certain impulsive and compulsive behaviors or the acute intake of psychoactive substances result in heightened dopaminergic activity, while the opposite, hypodopaminergia, occurs following chronic abuse. patients with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) can have a genetic predisposition compounded by stress or other epigenetic insults that can impact recovery. Relapse will occur post-short-term recovery if dopaminergic dysfunction remains untreated. Addiction, a brain disorder, requires treatment with DNA-directed pro-dopamine regulation and rehabilitation.

关键词： Reward Deficiency Syndrome Abstinence Controlled Drinking Neurogenetic Brain Disorder

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企业司库操作实务

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作者： (印)拉吉夫·拉金德拉(Rajiv rajendra)

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hTERT,CEA及CMV启动子在人结肠癌细胞株中的转录活性比较

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中国普通外科杂志 2014年第1期23卷 74-80页

作者：贺赛孙学军郑见宝陈南征任燕飞 rajendra Gurung 魏光兵张立姚建峰尉春艳西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院普通外科陕西西安710061

目的:比较人端粒酶催化亚单位(hTERT),癌胚抗原(CEA)及巨细胞病毒(CMV)启动子在人结肠癌细胞株LoVo和SW480中的转录活性。方法:设计引物应用pCR法从人结肠癌基因组中克隆hTERT和CEA启动子;用双酶切和pCR法切除原始载体pLVX-EGFp-3FLAG中... 详细信息

目的:比较人端粒酶催化亚单位(hTERT),癌胚抗原(CEA)及巨细胞病毒(CMV)启动子在人结肠癌细胞株LoVo和SW480中的转录活性。方法:设计引物应用pCR法从人结肠癌基因组中克隆hTERT和CEA启动子;用双酶切和pCR法切除原始载体pLVX-EGFp-3FLAG中的CMV启动子后,将hTERT,CEA启动子与该载体重组,构建出重组质粒pLVX-hTERTp-EGFp-3FLAG和pLVX-CEAp-EGFp-3FLAG;将上述两种质粒及原始载体(含CMV启动子)分别瞬时转染人结肠癌细胞株LoVo和SW480后,检测两种细胞株绿色荧光蛋白表达。结果:经pCR,酶切及测序鉴定,克隆及载体构建完全正确。CMV,hTERT及CEA启动子的转录活性(绿色荧光细胞数/总细胞数)在LoVo细胞中依次为54.7%,33.0%,9.5%;在SW480中依次为16.5%,10.1%,8.5%,差异均有统计学意义(均p<0.05)。结论:在人结肠癌细胞株中,转录活性以CMV启动子最高,hTERT启动子次之,CEA启动子最低。该结果可为结肠癌的靶向性基因治疗研究提供参考。

关键词：结肠肿瘤转录启动子转染

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High absorption large-mode area step-index fiber for tandem-pumped high-brightnes shigh-power lasers

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photonics Research 2020年第10期8卷 1599-1604页

作者： KANG-JIE LIM SAMUEL KA-WEN SEAH JOASH YONG'EN YE WENDY WEIYING LIM CHU-pERNG SEAH YUNN-BOON TAN SUTING TAN HUITING LIM RAGHURAMAN SIDHARTHAN ARUMUGAM rajendra pRASADH CHEN-JIAN CHAN SEONGWOO YOO SONG-LIANG CHUA DSO National Laboratories 118225 SingsporeSingapore School of Electrical and Eiectrornic Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore

A short absorption length ytterbium(Yb)-doped large-mode area(LMA)fiber is presented as a step forward to mitigate the stern problem of nonlinear scatterings in a tandem pumping scheme adopted for high-power fiber *** short absorption length was realized by incorporating high Yb concentration in the fiber ***,by replacing the inherent silica cladding with a Ge-doped cladding,we were able to obtain low core numerical aperture(NA)and negate the detrimental effect of index-raising by high Yb *** overcomes the long-standing limitation in step-index Yb-doped fibers(YDFs)where high cladding absorption inevitably results in high NA,thus hampering single-mode *** report an LMA(~575μm^2)YDF with NA of 0.04 and absorption of 27 dB/m at 976 nm both traits promote power scaling of single-mode tandem pumped fiber *** our knowledge,this is the highest cladding absorption attained in a low-NA step-index fiber to *** all-fiber tandem-pumped amplifier was built using only^14 m of the *** amplifier delivered a near-Gaussian beam(M^i.27)at 836 W output power(pump power limited)with a high slope efficiency of^83%.Thanks to the short length and the tandem pumping,no indication of limiting factors such as stimulated Raman scattering,photodarkening,and transverse mode instability was observed.

关键词： fiber pumped power

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Development of Fast Dissolving Tablets Containing Fexofenadine Hydrochloride prepared by Lyophilization Technique

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Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 2019年第10期7卷 527-540页

作者： rajendra Kotadiya Bhavin Bhalani Ramanbhai patel College of pharmacy Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT) Changa Gujarat 388421 India Indukaka Ipcowala College of pharmacy New V V Nagar Anand Gujarat 388121 India

Objectives: To improve the aqueous solubility and dissolution of fexofenadine HCl, an attempt was made to prepare its fast dissolving tablets by lyophilization technique. Methods: For the preparation of lyophilized tablets (F1-F32), the drug was dispersed in a hydrated solution of water-soluble polymers (gelatin/maltodextrin/acacia) containing glycine and mannitol. The blend was pelted down into the patches of a blister pack, frozen down and then lyophilized. Different characterization parameters viz. differential scanning calorimetry, hardness, weight variation, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mercury porosimetry, solubility, wetting time and water absorption ratio, lyophilization tablet index, drug content, in vitro dissolution and stability were evaluated. Key findings: Tablets (F32) containing acacia were found to have fast disintegration and relatively higher mechanical strength with improved drug solubility. X-ray diffractogram and scanning electron micrograph indicated decrease in crystallinity of drug and a good porous structure property for prepared tablet, respectively. Dissolution study showed complete drug released within 5 min. Moreover, tablets (F32) were found to be stable for one month at 25 ± 2 °C/60 ± 5% relative humidity.

关键词： Lyophilization fexofenadine HCl SEM XRD lyophilized tablet index (LTI) mercury porosimetry wetting time

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*** immunity,aging and angiogenesis

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期 407-407页

作者： rajendra S.Apte Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Developmental Biology and MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMOUSA

Disorders of lipid metabolism and macrophage function have been implicated in tissue aging and in diseases such as age-related macular degeneration(AMD).Genetic studies and expression profiling have identified widespread abnormalities in cholesterol metabolism in the aging *** addition,the molecular pathways that regulate the transition from aging to disease have not been *** current status regarding the mechanisms that regulate macrophage aging and the molecular mechanisms of transition to disease in the context of AMD will be presented with a special focus on factors that influence pathologic angiogenesis and neurodegeneration.

关键词： Age-related macular degeneration(AMD) macrophage aging angiogenesis

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Magnetic Nano Cobalt Ferrite Catalyzed Synthesis of 4H-pyrano[3,2-h]quinoline Derivatives under Microwave Irradiation

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2016年第2期6卷 101-109页

作者： Swathi Bandaru Ravi K. Majji Satyanarayana Bassa pandu N. Chilla Ramesh Yellapragada Sruthi Vasamsetty rajendra K. Jeldi Raghu B. Korupolu paul D. Sanasi Department of Engineering Chemistry A. U. College of Engineering (A) Andhra University Visakhapatnam India

A microwave irradiated magnetically separable nano cobalt ferrite catalyzed green method for the synthesis of 4-phenyl-4H-pyrano[3,2-h]quinolin-2-amine and 2-amino-4-phenyl-4H-pyrano[3,2-h] quinoline-3-carbonitrile derivatives through cyclization of aromatic aldehyde, acetonitrile/malononitrile and 8-hydoxyquinoline is developed and presented in this paper. The cubic magnetic cobalt ferrite nano particles were synthesized by sol-gel citrate precursor method and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TEM techniques and the structures of the synthesized pyranoquinoline derivatives were assigned by IR, MASS and 1p>H NMR techniques. The reaction is carried out in a domestic microwave oven with a heat-resistant microwave safe glass container with a lid.

关键词： Synthesis of 4H-pyrano[3 2-h]quinoline Derivatives Microwave Irradiation Nano Cobalt Ferrite Catalyst

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psychological Health of Wives’of patients with Chronic Illnesses

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Journal of psychological Research 2022年第1期4卷 1-7页

作者： Daanesh Marazban Umrigar rajendra Mhaske Department of psychology Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityIndia

Objectives:Chronic illnesses are more prevalent in *** expectations of caregiving,thus falls on the *** expectations from women,increases stress,strain and the possibility of psychological health *** this paper,we explore the psychological health,as well as the levels of marital and sexual satisfaction of women ***:The sample consisted of 35 women,whose husbands were diagnosed with,and undergoing treatment for a chronic illness(Coronary Heart Disease(CHD);Diabetes;or Cancer).Three standardized questionnaires,the Index of Marital Satisfaction(IMS),Index of Sexual Satisfaction(ISS)and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21(DASS 21)were ***:Correlational and predictive analysis were conducted on the *** significant marital and sexual dissatisfaction were ***’also reported moderate levels of depression and anxiety,but severe levels of *** and Sexual satisfaction were found to be significant predictors of marital ***:Women caregiver are impacted by the illness status of their *** additional stress of caregiving,along with societally ascribed roles and responsibilities on women creates a more difficult,stressful environment,which affects psychological health and well-being.

关键词： Depression Anxiety Stress Wives’ Caregivers Chronic illness

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