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promoting rigor in blockchain energy and environmental footprint research:A systematic literature review

Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第1期5卷 133-151页

作者： Ashish rajendra Sai Harald Vranken Department of Computer Science Open UniversiteitHeerlen6419 ATthe Netherlands Department of Advanced Computing Sciences Maastricht UniversityMaastricht6211 LKthe Netherlands Institute for Computing&Information Sciences Radboud UniversityNijmegen6525 XZthe Netherlands

There is a growing interest in understanding the energy and environmental footprint of digital currencies,specifically in cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and *** cryptocurrencies are operated by a geographically distributed network of computing nodes,making it hard to estimate their energy consumption *** studies,both in academia and industry,attempt to model cryptocurrency energy consumption often based on a number of assumptions,for instance,about the hardware in use or the geographic distribution of the computing nodes.A number of these studies have already been widely criticized for their design choices and subsequent over-or under-estimation of energy *** this study,we evaluate the reliability of prior models and estimates by leveraging existing scientific literature from fields cognizant of blockchain,such as social energy sciences and information *** first design a quality assessment framework based on existing research,and we then conduct a systematic literature review examining scientific and non-academic literature demonstrating common issues and potential avenues of addressing these *** goal with this article is to advance the field by promoting scientific rigor in studies focusing on blockchain energy *** that end,we provide a novel set of codes of conduct for the five most widely used research methodologies:Quantitative energy modeling,literature reviews,data analysis and statistics,case studies,and *** envision that this code of conduct would assist in standardizing the design and assessment of studies focusing on blockchain-based systems’energy and environmental footprint.

关键词： Blockchain Energy consumption Environmental footprint Scientific rigor Reliability

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Foeniculum vulgare *** lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation and ameliorates neuroinflammation-mediated behavioral deficits in mice

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第1期14卷 28-39页

作者： Sushruta Koppula Ramesh Alluri Spandana rajendra Kopalli College of Biomedical and Health Sciences Konkuk UniversityChungju-SiChungcheongbuk Do27478Republic of Korea Cognitive Science Research Initiative Lab Department of PharmacologyVishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchNarsapurTelangana502313India Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Sejong UniversityGwangjin-guSeoul 05006Republic of Korea

Objective:To investigate the effect of Foeniculum vulgare extract against lipopolysaccharide(LpS)-induced microglial activation in vitro as well as cognitive behavioral deficits in ***:LpS-activated BV-2 cell viability was measured using MTT assay and reactive oxygen species(ROS)was studied using DCF-DA *** antioxidative enzymes and pro-inflammatory mediators were analyzed using respective ELISA kits and Western *** in vivo testing,LpS(1 mg/kg,i.p.)was given daily for five days in male Swiss albino mice to produce chronic *** and behavioral tests were performed using open-field,passive avoidance,and rotarod experiments in LpS-induced ***:Foeniculum vulgare extract(25,50 and 100μg/mL)significantly attenuated the LpS-activated increase in nitric oxide(NO),ROS,cyclooxygenase-2,inducible NO synthase,IL-6,and TNF-alpha(ppS-induced oxidative stress and reduced antioxidative enzyme levels were significantly improved by Foeniculum vulgare extract(ppK signaling in BV-2 *** an in vivo study,Foeniculum vulgare extract(50,100,and 200 mg/kg)markedly mitigated the LpS-induced cognitive and locomotor impairments in *** fingerprinting analysis showed distinctive peaks with rutin,kaempferol-3-O-glucoside,and anethole as identifiable ***:Foeniculum vulgare extract can ameliorate LpS-stimulated neuroinflammatory responses in BV-2 microglial cells and improve cognitive and locomotor performance in LpS-administered mice.

关键词： Foeniculum vulgare Microglia Lipopolysaccharide Antioxidant Neuroinflammation MApK signaling Cognition

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Emergence of carbonaceous material for hydrogen storage:an overview

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Clean Energy 2024年第4期8卷 147-168页

作者： Khemlata Soni Narayan Lal panwar pranay rajendra Lanjekar Department of Renewable Energy Engineering Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and TechnologyUdaipurRajasthan313001India

Hydrogen has gained enormous relevance due to its lower carbon footprint and its potential role in balancing energy supply and de*** is being considered as a sustainable substitute for conventional *** generation of hydrogen using renewable energy sources is still in development,with a significant challenge lying in the efficient and safe storage of hydrogen due to its low energy *** challenge hinders the widespread adoption of *** and liquefaction methods of storage face issues of losses that reduce their *** technology for hydrogen storage has advanced significantly in the past few years,driven by recent enhancements in synthesizing carbonaceous materials with hydrogen storage *** article critically reviews novel carbonaceous materials for hydrogen storage,including biochar,activated carbon,carbon nanotubes,carbon nanocomposites,carbon aerogel,fullerenes,MXenes,graphite,graphene and its *** hydrogen adsorption using microporous materials,such as activated carbons,is crucial,sparking interest in economically viable options for hydrogen *** this,a significant amount of work still needs to be accomplished before the potential and advantages of the hydrogen economy can be fully realized and utilized by manufacturers and academics.

关键词： hydrogen clean energy hydrogen storage adsorption-desorption phenomenon carbonaceous materials

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Nanozyme‑Engineered Hydrogels for Anti‑Inflammation and Skin Regeneration

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 127-179页

作者： Amal George Kurian rajendra K.Singh Varsha Sagar Jung‑Hwan Lee Hae‑Won Kim Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science&BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science School of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea UCL Eastman‑Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Cell and Matter Institute Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea

Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare *** therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse ***,nanozyme(NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these ***-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of *** multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and *** review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels(NZ@hydrogels)for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration *** also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their ***,the challenges and future directions in this ground,particularly their clinical translation,are *** insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels,offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.

关键词： Nanozymes Hydrogels ROS scavenging Anti-inflammation Skin regeneration

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Direct-Seeded Rice: Genetic Improvement of Game-Changing Traits for Better Adaption

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 417-433页

作者： priyanka NEGI Jagadish RANE rajendra Sadashiv WAGH Tukaram Jayaram BHOR Dipti Digambar GODSE priyanka JADHAV C.ANILKUMAR Dasari SREEKANTH K.SAMMI REDDY Sharad Ramrao GADAKH K.M.BORAIH C.B.HARISHA p.S.BASAVARAJ Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management Baramati 413115India Mahatma phule Krishi Vidyapeeth Rahuri 413722India ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture Bikaner 334006India ICAR-National Rice Research Institute Cuttack 753006India ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research Jabalpur 482004India Dr.panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola 444104India

The sustainability of rice production continues to be a subject of uncertainty and inquiry attributed to shifts in climatic conditions. In light of the impending climate change crisis and the high labor and water costs accompanying it, direct-seeded rice(DSR) is unquestionably one of the most practical solutions. Despite its resource and climate-friendly advantages, early maturing rice faces weed competitiveness and seedling establishment challenges. Resolving these issues is crucial for promoting its wider adoption among farmers, presenting it as a more effective sustainable rice cultivation method globally. Diverse traditional and contemporary breeding methods are employed to mitigate the limitations of the DSR approach, leveraging advanced techniques such as speed breeding and genome editing. Focusing on key traits like mesocotyl length elongation, early seedling vigor, root system architecture, and weed competitiveness holds promise for transformative improvements in DSR adaptation at a broader scale within farming communities. This review aims to summarize how these features contribute to increased crop production in DSR conditions and explore the research efforts focusing on enhancing DSR adaptation through these traits. Emphasizing the pivotal role of these game-changing traits in DSR adaptation, our analysis sheds light on their potential transformative impact and offers valuable insights for advancing DSR practices.

关键词： climate change direct-seeded rice aerobic rice early vigor trait

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Impact factors and pathways of halonitromethanes formation from aspartic acid during LED-UV_(265)/chlorine disinfection

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 129-144页

作者： Liangwen Zhu Tao Wang Qian Tang Qing Wang Lin Deng Jun Hu Chaoqun Tan rajendra prasad Singh Key Laboratory of Concrete and prestressed Concrete Structures of Ministry of Education School of Civil EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189China College of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

Light emitting diode (LED-UV)/chlorine disinfection can replace UV/chlorine disinfection in wastewater treatment plants and water supply plants. Halonitromethanes (HNMs) are a class of novel nitrogenous disinfection by-products, which are characterized by higher cytotoxicity and genotoxicity than regulated disinfection by-products. Herein, the impact factors and pathways of HNMs formation from aspartic acid (ASp) were investigated during LED-UV_(265)/chlorine disinfection. The results showed that three types of chlorinated-HNMs (Cl-HNMs) were found during LED-UV265/chlorine disinfection, and their concentrations increased first and then declined as the reaction progressed. Cl-HNMs yields increased with increasing LED-UV_(265) intensity, free chlorine dosage, and ASp concentration, which declined with increasing pH (6.0–8.0). Meantime, the important impact of the coexisting ions contained in water matrices on HNMs formation from ASp was observed during LED-UV_(265)/chlorine disinfection. It was found that copper ions (Cu^(2+)) promoted Cl-HNMs formation. Furthermore, when bromide (Br–) appeared during LED-UV265/chlorine disinfection, nine types of HNMs were detected simultaneously. Moreover, Br– not only converted Cl-HNMs toward brominated (chlorinated)-HNMs and brominated-HNMs but also showed a marked effect on HNMs concentrations and species. Subsequently, the possible pathways of HNMs formation from ASp were proposed during LED-UV_(265)/chlorine disinfection. At last, it was proved that the formation trends of HNMs obtained in the real waters were similar to those in simulated waters. This work elaborated on the influence factors and pathways of HNMs formation, which is conducive to controlling the HNMs produced during LED-UV_(265)/chlorine disinfection.

关键词： LED-UV265 chlorine HNMs Aspartic acid Bromide Copper ions

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Advanced Computing for Cardiovascular Disease prediction

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Open Journal of Statistics 2024年第3期14卷 228-242页

作者： Santosh Gaire poshan Belbase Amrit Kafle rajendra Bhandari Vitreous State Laboratory The Catholic University of America Washington DC USA Department of physics The Catholic University of America Washington DC USA

Developing a predictive model for detecting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is crucial due to its high global fatality rate. With the advancements in artificial intelligence, the availability of large-scale data, and increased access to computational capability, it is feasible to create robust models that can detect CVDs with high precision. This study aims to provide a promising method for early diagnosis by employing various machine learning and deep learning techniques, including logistic regression, decision trees, random forest classifier, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and a sequential model from Keras. Our evaluation identifies the random forest classifier as the most effective model, achieving an accuracy of 0.91, surpassing other machine learning and deep learning approaches. Close behind are XGBoost (accuracy: 0.90), decision tree (accuracy: 0.86), and logistic regression (accuracy: 0.70). Additionally, our deep learning sequential model demonstrates promising classification performance, with an accuracy of 0.80 and a loss of 0.425 on the validation set. These findings underscore the potential of machine learning and deep learning methodologies in advancing cardiovascular disease prediction and management strategies.

关键词： Machine Learning Deep Learning Classification performance Matrix Accuracy

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Surface-functionalized hole-selective monolayer for high efficiency single-junction wide-bandgap and monolithic tandem perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 317-326,I0008页

作者： Devthade Vidyasagar Yeonghun Yun Jae Yu Cho Hyemin Lee Kyung Won Kim Yong Tae Kim Sung Woong Yang Jina Jung Won Chang Choi Seonu Kim rajendra Kumar Gunasekaran Seok Beom Kang Kwang Heo Dong Hoe Kim Jaeyeong Heo Sangwook Lee School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Optoelectronics Convergence Research CenterChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea

Carbazole moiety-based 2pACz([2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid)self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)are excellent hole-selective contact(HSC)materials with abilities to excel the charge-transferdynamics of perovskite solar cells(pSCs).Herein,we report a facile but powerful method to functionalize the surface of 2pACz-SAM,by which reproducible,highly stable,high-efficiency wide-bandgap pSCs can be *** 2pACz surface treatment with various donor number solvents improves assembly of 2pACz-SAM and leave residual surface-bound solvent molecules on 2pACz-SAM,which increases perovskite grain size,retards halide segregation,and accelerates hole *** surface functionalization achieves a high power conversion efficiency(pCE)of 17.62%for a single-junction wide-bandgap(~1.77 e V)*** also demonstrate a monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cell using surfaceengineered HSC,showing high pCE of 24.66%with large open-circuit voltage of 2.008 V and high fillfactor of 81.45%.Our results suggest this simple approach can further improve the tandem device,when coupled with a high-performance narrow-bandgap sub-cell.

关键词： perovskite solar cells 2pACz Monolithic tandem solar cells Wide bandgap

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Effect of Gymnema lactiferum tea brew on type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double-blind, randomised active-controlled phase III clinical trial

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Clinical Traditional Medicine and pharmacology 2024年第4期5卷 9-18页

作者： Kulanayagam Karthigesu Sivansuthan Sivapalan Surenthirakumaran rajendra Thiyahiny Sunil Navaratinaraja Vithegi Kesavan Sirimal premakumara Outpatient Department Teaching Hospital JaffnaJaffna40000Sri Lanka Medical Unit Teaching Hospital JaffnaJaffna40000Sri Lanka Department of Community Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of JaffnaJaffna40000Sri Lanka Department of pharmacology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of JaffnaJaffna40000Sri Lanka Department of Chemical pathology Teaching HospitalJaffna40000Srilanka Dept.of Basic Sciences&Social Science Faculty of NursingUniversity of Colombo 00800Sri Lanka

Background:Gymnema lactiferum is an edible leafy vegetable plant in the family of *** has been used to control diabetes in the northern part of Sri Lanka for several decades and used as a leaf vegetable from the ancient ***,this plant was not clinically tested for its claimed antidiabetic ***,this study was conducted in Teaching Hospital Jaffna to establish the efficacy of the ***:The objective of this parallel arm,double-blind randomised controlled phase III trial is to establish the efficacy and safety of Gymnema ***:Eligible type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients at the Diabetic Centre,Teaching Hospital Jaffna,Sri Lanka were randomly allocated to treatment(n=160)and control(n=160)*** treatment arm received a tea brew made of *** dried leaves(1.5 g in 200 mL of hot water)while the control arm received green tea(1.5 g in 200 mL of hot water)daily for 3 *** patients in both arms were reviewed at the baseline and the end of 1st,3rd and 6th months for FpG,HbA1c,blood pressure,body weight and lipid ***:Statistically significant reductions in HbA1c(treatment arm:-0.47%,p=0.0000;control arm-0.26%,p=0.0009)and FpG(the control arm:−0.42 mmol/L,p=0.0388)from the base values were observed at the end of the 3rd *** the subgroup analysis that evaluated the participants with poorly controlled glycemia(HbA1c≥8),which accounted for over 52%of all participants,a clinically significant reduction in HbA1c was observed in the treatment and control arms(-0.90%;p=0.0000 and-0.71%;p=0.0000).post-intervention analysis revealed a long-lasting significant reduction in HbA1c in both ***,significant reductions in blood pressure and lipid profile were also noted at the end of the third month and post-intervention ***:*** tea significantly reduced HbA1c in uncontrolled T2DM patients and the effect observed was superior to green ***-term treatment is need

关键词： Type 2 diabetes(T2DM) Diabetes mellitus Metabolic diseases Dyslipidaemia Gymnema Gymnema lactiferum Complementary medicine

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FDTD technique based crosstalk analysis of bundled SWCNT interconnects

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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第5期36卷 90-98页

作者： Yograj Singh Duksh Brajesh Kumar Kaushik rajendra p.Agarwal Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Shobhit University

The equivalent electrical circuit model of a bundled single-walled carbon nanotube based distributed RLC interconnects is employed for the crosstalk analysis. The accurate time domain analysis and crosstalk effect in the VLSI interconnect has emerged as an essential design criteria. This paper presents a brief description of the numerical method based finite difference time domain （FDTD） technique that is intended for estimation of voltages and currents on coupled transmission lines. For the FDTD implementation, the stability of the proposed model is strictly restricted by the Courant condition. This method is used for the estimation of crosstalk induced propagation delay and peak voltage in lossy RLC interconnects. Both functional and dynamic crosstalk effects are analyzed in the coupled transmission line. The effect of line resistance on crosstalk induced delay, and peak voltage under dynamic and functional crosstalk is also evaluated. The FDTD analysis and the SpICE simulations are carried out at 32 nm technology node for the global interconnects. It is observed that the analytical results obtained using the FDTD technique are in good agreement with the SpICE simulation results. The crosstalk induced delay, propagation delay, and peak voltage obtained using the FDTD technique shows average errors of 4.9%, 3.4% and 0.46%, respectively, in comparison to SpICE.

关键词： FDTD SWCNT bundle interconnects crosstalk delay peak voltage coupled transmission lines

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