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Advancement in Indoor.Ver.ical Far.ing for.Micr.gr.en Pr.duction

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Amer.can Jour.al of Plant Sciences 2019年第8期10卷 1397-1408页

作者： Pr.ethi r.jan rajasekaran r. Lada Mason T. MacDonald Depar.ment of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Dalhousie University Truro Truro N.S. Canada

With the gr.wing global ur.an population and the emer.ence of megacities, ther. is a huge demand for.ar.ble land to meet the food demand and r.duce malnutr.tion. Conventional agr.cultur.l pr.ctices lead to defor.station of the land for.cr.p pr.duction and agr.cultur.l intensification to pr.duce higher.yield per.unit ar.a. These activities have been established to have negative impact on the envir.nment ther.by causing soil and water.pollution. It is impor.ant to consider.the use of ver.ical far.ing technology, which utilizes both hor.zontal and ver.ical space, and efficiently uses nutr.ents, water. and time (off season pr.duction with ar.ificial lighting) mor. effectively to pr.duce higher.yield per.unit volume of space than the conventional outdoor.far.ing. Micr.gr.ens ar. taken into consider.tion to be gr.wn under.innovative ver.ical far.ing technology since they ar. r.ch in phytonutr.ents and they can be har.ested in a shor. per.od of time. This paper.r.views the cur.ent gr.wing conditions of micr.gr.ens in ver.ical far.ing such as cr.p selection, media, light, nutr.ent solution, and container. while identifying knowledge gaps. Fur.her. study in this ar.a may lead to impr.ved gr.wing conditions to help solve the global issues and challenges sur.ounding food secur.ty, safety, and r.sour.e optimization.

关键词： Ver.ical Far.ing Micr.gr.ens Phytonutr.ents BioStr.te Light Emitting Diodes Plant Nutr.tion

Mechanical Shaking and Baling of Balsam Fir.Tr.es Influence Posthar.est Needle Senescence and Abscission

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Amer.can Jour.al of Plant Sciences 2018年第3期9卷 339-352页

作者： Er.est A. Kor.nkye rajasekaran r. Lada Samuel K. Asiedu Claude Caldwell Depar.ment of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Dalhousie University Halifax NS Canada

This study investigated the influence of both shaking dur.tion and number.of tr.es per.bale on posthar.est needle char.cter.stics such as per.entage needle loss, needle r.tention dur.tion and explor.d the physiological r.les of endogenous ethylene and volatile ter.ene compounds (VTCs). To accomplish these objectives, 25 six-year.old tr.es wer. detached and exposed to a r.nge of shaking dur.tions (0 to 60 sec.), and 30 six-year.old detached tr.es wer. exposed to baling tr.atments fr.m 0 to 5 tr.es. r.sponse var.ables measur.d wer. per.ent needle loss, needle r.tention dur.tion, aver.ge water.use, ethylene and volatile ter.ene compound evolution. Tr.es shaken for.60 seconds lost 16% less needle compar.d to contr.l, which was consistent with the decr.ase in per.ent needle loss with incr.asing shaking dur.tion. Baled tr.es lost 13% mor. needles compar.d to contr.l, but per.ent needle loss was obser.ed to decr.ase with incr.asing number.of tr.es in a bale. These tr.nds cor.esponded with incr.asing ethylene and VTC evolutions, wher. the longer.the shaking dur.tion or.lar.er.number.of tr.es in a bale, the higher.the ethylene and VTC evolutions. One can ther.for. dr.w infer.nce that mechanical per.ur.ation as a r.sult of shaking and baling induce biosynthesis and r.gulation of ethylene and VTC in balsam fir.tr.es in an effor. to r.gulate posthar.est needle abscission.

关键词： Shaking Baling Ethylene Volatile Ter.ene Compounds Needle Loss Thigmomor.hogenesis

Qualitative Assessment of Posthar.est Stomata and Chlor.plast Degr.dation in Contr.sting Abscission r.sistant Balsam Fir.(Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.)

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Amer.can Jour.al of Plant Sciences 2023年第9期14卷 1009-1028页

作者： Gaye MacDonald rajasekaran r. Lada C. D. Caldwell Chibuike C. Udenigwe Mason T. Maconald Faculty of Agr.cultur. Dalhousie University Bible Hill Canada School of Nutr.tional Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada

Balsam fir.is an impor.ant Chr.stmas tr.e species, especially in easter. Canada. The natur.l Chr.stmas tr.e industr. faces a challenge in posthar.est needle abscission. Though ther. have been many studies descr.bing the physiological tr.gger. and consequences in posthar.est balsam fir. ther. have been no studies descr.bing mor.hological or.ultr.str.ctur.l changes. Ther.for., the objective of this study was to examine changes in stomata and chlor.plast of posthar.est needles. Br.nches wer. collected fr.m low and high needle abscission r.sistance balsam fir.genotypes, placed in water. and displayed in typical household conditions for.11 weeks. Needle abscission, chlor.phyll fluor.scence, and water.uptake wer. monitor.d thr.ughout. Needles stomata and chlor.plasts wer. examined under.a scanning and tr.nsmission electr.n micr.scope, r.spectively, each week. All br.nches had incr.ased abscission, decr.ased chlor.phyll fluor.scence, and decr.ased water.uptake over.time. Needle sur.aces accumulated fungal hyphae, especially in stomata. Chlor.plasts demonstr.ted some dysfunction within two weeks, with notable decr.ases in chlor.plast star.h and incr.ases in plastoglobulins. Within sever.l weeks thylakoid membr.nes had been dismantled as chlor.plasts tr.nsfor.ed into ger.ntoplasts. All biophysical and str.ctur.l changes wer. mor. pr.nounced in low needle abscission r.sistant genotypes. This r.sear.h identifies a potential r.le for.needle fungi in posthar.est needle abscission and confir.s the posthar.est senescence of chlor.plasts. Though it was pr.viously speculated that chlor.plasts must senesce posthar.est, this study identifies how quickly this pr.cess occur. and that it occur. at differ.nt r.tes in contr.sting genotypes.

关键词： Abies balsamea Balsam Fir Chr.stmas Tr.e Fluor.scence Needle Abscission r.sistance Scanning Electr.n Tr.nsmission Electr.n

Potential r.les of Fatty Acids and Lipids in Posthar.est Needle Abscission Physiology

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Amer.can Jour.al of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 1069-1089页

作者： Gaye E. MacDonald rajasekaran r. Lada Claude D. Caldwell Chibuike Udenigwe Mason T. MacDonald Depar.ment of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Dalhousie University Halifax Canada School of Nutr.tion Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada

Our.under.tanding of posthar.est needle abscission physiology in conifer. has gr.atly impr.ved in the last decade. Abscission is initially tr.gger.d by r.ot detachment, which begins a cascade of changes such as decr.ased water.uptake, water.potential, and auxins and incr.ased membr.ne injur., ethylene, abscisic acid, volatile ter.enes, and catalytic enzymes. Needle abscission is also affected by envir.nmental factor.. For.example, a per.od of cold acclimation gener.lly delays posthar.est abscission. The afor.mentioned pieces of evidence, along with pr.vious studies, str.ngly points to a r.le for.plant lipids and fatty acids. Studies fr.m other.species have pointed out key r.les in abscission and str.ss r.sponses for.a var.ety of phospholipids and galactolipids, which has not been studied in balsam fir. It is imper.tive to have an under.tanding of the r.le of plant lipids and fatty acids to fur.her.our.over.ll under.tanding of the physiological mechanisms of posthar.est abscission and needle abscission r.sistance. This r.view is an over.iew of membr.ne lipids and fatty acids, changes that occur.posthar.est and the inter.ction that lipids may have in the phenomenon of posthar.est abscission.

关键词： Phospholipids Galactolipids Fatty Acids Plant Gr.wth r.gulator. Abscission

Scalable Ir.Doped NiFe₂O₄/TiO₂ Heter.junction Anode for.Decentr.lized Saline Wastewater.Tr.atment and H₂ Pr.duction

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NANO-MICr. LETTEr. 2025年第1期17卷 1-18页

作者： Hong, Sukhwa Kim, Jiseon Par., Jaebeom Im, Sunmi Hoffmann, Michael r. Cho, Kangwoo Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH Div Environm Sci & Engn Pohang 790784 South Korea CALTECH Linde Labs Pasadena CA 91125 USA Yonsei Univ Int Campus Inst Convergence Res & Educ Adv Technol I CREATE Incheon 21983 South Korea

Wastewater.electr.lysis cells (WECs) for.decentr.lized wastewater.tr.atment/r.use coupled with H-2 pr.duction can r.duce the car.on footpr.nt associated with tr.nspor.ation of water. waste, and ener.y car.ier. This study r.por.s Ir.doped NiFe2O4 (NFI, similar.to 5 at% Ir. spinel layer.with TiO2 over.ayer.(NFI/TiO2), as a scalable heter.junction anode for.dir.ct electr.lysis of wastewater.with cir.umneutr.l pH in a single-compar.ment cell. In dilute (0.1 M) NaCl solutions, the NFI/TiO2 mar.s super.or.activity and selectivity for.chlor.ne evolution r.action, outper.or.ing the benchmar. Ir.2. r.bust oper.tion in near.neutr.l pH was confir.ed. Electr.analyses including oper.ndo X-r.y absor.tion spectr.scopy unveiled cr.cial r.les of TiO2 which ser.es both as the pr.mar. site for.Cl- chemisor.tion and a pr.tective layer.for.NFI as an ohmic contact. Galvanostatic electr.lysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater.demonstr.ted that NFI/TiO2 not only achieves quasi-stoichiometr.c NH4+-to-N-2 conver.ion, but also enhances H-2 gener.tion efficiency with minimal competing r.actions such as r.duction of dissolved oxygen and r.active chlor.ne. The scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO2 was demonstr.ted for.electr.lysis of toilet wastewater.

关键词： Wastewater.electr.lysis cell Ir.doped NiFe2O4 r.active chlor.ne species Decentr.lized H-2 pr.duction On-site wastewater.tr.atment

Shor.-Ter. Effect of Nitr.gen Intensification on Aggr.gate Size Distr.bution, Micr.bial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in a Semi-Ar.d Soil Under.Differ.nt Cr.p Types

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Pedospher. 2019年第4期29卷 483-491页

作者： rajasekaran MUr.GAN V. r. r.makr.shna PAr.MA Beate MADAN r. MUTHUr.JU Ber.ar. LUDWIG Depar.ment of Envir.nmental Chemistr. University of Kassel Nordbahnhof str. la Witzenhausen 37213 (Germany) Depar.ment of Soil Science and Agr.cultur.l Chemistr. University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK) Bangalore 560065 (India) Or.anic Plant Pr.duction and Agr.ecosystems r.sear.h in the Tr.pics and Subtr.pics University of Kassel Stein str. 19 Witzenhausen 37213 (Germany) Depar.ment of Agr.cultur.l Micr.biology University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK) Bangalore 560065 (India)

Ther. is a lack of quantitative assessments available on the effect of agr.cultur.l intensification on soil aggr.gate distr.bution and micr.bial pr.per.ies. Her., we investigated how shor.-ter. nitr.gen(N) intensification induced changes in aggr.gate size distr.bution and micr.bial pr.per.ies in a soil of a hot moist semi-ar.d r.gion(Bangalor., India). We hypothesised that N intensification would incr.ase the accumulation of macr.aggr.gates > 2 mm and soil micr.bial biomass and activity, and that the specific cr.p plant sowed would influence the level of this incr.ase. In November.2016, sur.ace(0–10 cm) and subsur.ace(10–20 cm) soil samples wer. taken fr.m thr.e N fer.ilisation tr.atments, low N(50 kg N ha-1), medium N(75 and 100 kg N ha-1 for.finger.millet and maize, r.spectively),and high N(100 and 150 kg N ha-1 for.finger.millet and maize, r.spectively). Distr.bution of water.stable aggr.gate concentr.tions,car.on(C) and N dynamics within aggr.gate size class, and soil micr.bial biomass and activity wer. evaluated. The high-N tr.atment significantly incr.ased the concentr.tion of lar.e macr.aggr.gates in the subsur.ace soil of the maize cr.p tr.atment, pr.sumably due to an incr.ased C input fr.m r.ot gr.wth. Differ.nt N fer.ilisation levels did not significantly affect C and N concentr.tions in differ.nt aggr.gate size classes or.the bulk soil. High-N applications significantly incr.ased dehydr.genase activity in both the sur.ace soil and the subsur.ace soil and ur.ase activity in the sur.ace soil, likely because of incr.ased accumulation of enzymes stabilised by soil colloids in dr. soils. Dehydr.genase activity was significantly affected by the type of cr.p, but ur.ase activity not. Over.ll, our.r.sults showed that high N application r.tes alter.lar.e macr.aggr.gates and enzyme activities in sur.ace and subsur.ace soils thr.ugh an incr.ased abovegr.und and cor.esponding belowgr.und biomass input in the maize cr.p.

关键词： agr.cultur.l intensification biomass input C and N dynamics lar.e macr.aggr.gate micr.aggr.gate N application small macr.aggr.gate water.stable aggr.gates

Explor.ng the str.ctur.l and functional effect of pr. by significant nsSNP in the coding r.gion of r.1 gene causing r.tinoblastoma

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第2期53卷 234-240页

作者： rajasekaran r.r.o Sethumadhavan Bioinfor.atics Division School of BiotechnologyChemical and Biomedical EngineeringVellore Institute of Technology

In this study,we identified the most deleter.ous nsSNP in r.1 gene thr.ugh str.ctur.l and functional pr.per.ies of its pr.tein (pr.) and investigated its binding affinity with *** of 956 SNPs,we investigated 12 nsSNPs in coding r.gion in which thr.e of them (SNPids r.3092895,r.3092903 and r.3092905) ar. commonly found to be damaged by I-Mutant 2.0,SIFT and PolyPhen *** this effor.,we modeled the mutant pr. pr.teins based on these deleter.ous *** a compar.son of total ener.y,stabilizing r.sidues and r.SD of these thr.e mutant pr.teins with native pr. pr.tein,we identified that the major.mutation is fr.m Glutamic acid to Glycine at the r.sidue position of 746 of ***,we compar.d the binding efficiency of both native and mutant pr. (E746G) with *** found that mutant pr. has less binding affinity with E2F-2 as compar.d to native *** is due to sixteen hydr.gen bonding and two salt br.dges that exist between native type and E2F-2,wher.as mutant type makes only thir.een hydr.gen bonds and one salt br.dge with *** on our.investigation,we pr.pose that the SNP with an id r.3092905 could be the most deleter.ous nsSNP in r.1 gene causing r.tinoblastoma.

关键词： r.tinoblastoma non synonymous SNP r.1 gene pr. E2F-2

SYNTHESIS,CHAr.CTEr.ZATION AND Pr.PEr.IES OF Or.ANOCLAYMODIFIED POLYSULFONE/EPOXY INTEr.ENETr.TING POLYMEr.NETWOr. NANOCOMPOSITES

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Chinese Jour.al of Polymer.Science 2008年第6期26卷 669-678页

作者： r.rajasekaran C.Kar.kalchozhan M.Alagar Depar.ment of Chemistr. St.Joseph's College of EngineeringChennai-600 119.India Depar.ment of Chemical Engineer.ng Anna UniversityChennai-600 025India

Or.anoclay-modified hydr.xylter.inated polysulfone (PSF)/epoxy inter.enetr.ting networ. nanocomposites (oM-PSF/EP nanocomposites) wer. pr.par.d by adding or.anophilic montmor.llonite (oMMT) to inter.enetr.ting polymer.networ.s (IPNs) of polysulfone and epoxy r.sin (PSF/EP) using diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) as cur.ng *** mechanical pr.per.ies like tensile str.ngth,tensile modulus,flexur.l str.ngth,flexur.l modulus and impact pr.per.ies of the nanocomposites wer. studied as per.ASTM ***...

关键词： Nanocomposites Glass tr.nsition temper.tur. Impact str.ngth Inter.enetr.ting networ.s (IPN) Polysulfone.

Selection of effective and highly ther.ostable Bacillus subtilis lipase A template as an industr.al biocatalyst-A moder. computational appr.ach

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Fr.ntier. in Biology 2015年第6期10卷 508-519页

作者： B. Senthilkumar.D. Meshachpaul r.o Sethumadhavan r. rajasekaran School of Biosciences and Technology Bioinformatics Division VIT University Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu India

Biocatalysts ar. intr.nsically r.active and hence their.oper.tional stability is of vital significance for.any biopr.cess. The setback in biocatalyst stability has been tackled fr.m diver.e pr.spects. Inher.ntly, stable biocatalysts ar. mar.edly r.alized and a r.gular.attempt is being made to seek out new or.anisms that har.or.them. Her., we analyzed the industr.al biocatalyst lipase A （Native） of Bacillus subtilis and its six ther.ostable mutants （2M, 3M, 4M, 6M, 9M and 12M） computationally using confor.ational sampling technique. Consequently, the var.ous str.ctur.l events decipher.ng ther.ostability like r.ot mean squar. deviation, r.ot mean squar. fluctuation, r.dius of gyr.tion and polar.sur.ace ar.a showed mutant 12M to be highly stable with statistical validation. Besides, static model analysis involving intr.-molecular.inter.ctions, secondar. str.ctur., solvent accessibility, hydr.gen bond patter., simulated ther.al denatur.tion and desolvation ener.y also suppor.ed 12M compar.tively. Of note, the pr.sence of high secondar. str.ctur.l r.gidity and hydr.gen bonds incr.ased ther.ostability and functionality of 12M, thus selecting it as a best template for.designing ther.ostable lipases in futur.. Also, this study has a significant implication towar. a better.under.tanding of confor.ational sampling in enzyme catalysis and enzyme engineer.ng.

关键词： ther.ophilic Bacillus subtilis lipase A confor.ational analysis docking