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Surface defects incorporated diamond machining of silicon

International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2020年第4期2卷 57-73页

作者： Neha Khatri Borad M Barkachary B Muneeswaran rajab al-sayegh Xichun Luo Saurav Goel Optical Devices&System Division CSIR-CSIOSector 30Chandigarh160030India Department of Mechanical Engineering Jorhat Institute of Science&TechnologyJorhat Assam 785010India Fenner Conveyor Belting Pvt.Ltd. Dindigul Road NagriMaduraiVadipatti Taluk 625221India College of Engineering Northern Border UniversityArar 91431Saudi Arabia Centre for Precision Manufacturing DMEMUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G11XQUnited Kingdom School of Engineering London South Bank University103 Borough RoadLondon SE10AAUnited Kingdom EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Ultra-Precision Engineering University of Cambridge and Cranfield UniversityCranfieldUnited Kingdom School of Aerospace Transport and ManufacturingCranfield UniversityBedfordshire MK430ALUnited Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering Shiv Nadar UniversityGautam Budh Nagar 201314India

This paper reports the performance enhancement benefits in diamond turning of the silicon wafer by incorporation of the surface defect machining(SDM)*** hybrid micromachining methods usually require additional hardware to leverage the added advantage of hybrid technologies such as laser heating,cryogenic cooling,electric pulse or ultrasonic elliptical *** SDM method tested in this paper does not require any such additional baggage and is easy to implement in a sequential micro-machining *** paper made use of Raman spectroscopy data,average surface roughness data and imaging data of the cutting chips of silicon for drawing a comparison between conventional single-point diamond turning(SPDT)and SDM while incorporating surface defects in the(i)circumferential and(ii)radial *** 3D finite element analysis(FEA)was performed to analyse the cutting forces and the evolution of residual stress on the machined *** was found that the surface defects generated in the circumferential direction with an interspacing of 1 mm revealed the lowest average surface roughness(Ra)of 3.2 nm as opposed to 8 nm Ra obtained through conventional SPDT using the same cutting *** observation of the Raman spectroscopy performed on the cutting chips showed remnants of phase transformation during the micromachining process in all *** was used to extract quantifiable information about the residual stress as well as the sub-surface integrity and it was discovered that the grooves made in the circumferential direction gave the best machining *** information being reported here is expected to provide an avalanche of opportunities in the SPDT area for low-cost machining solution for a range of other nominal hard,brittle materials such as SiC,ZnSe and GaAs as well as hard steels.

关键词： surface defect machining silicon finite element analysis surface roughness

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Degradation of ^(14)C-glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in three agricultural soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第9期22卷 1374-1380页

作者： Abdul Jabbar al-rajab Michel Schiavon Laboratory of Soil and Environmental Sciences 54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex France Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada London Ontario N5V 4T3 Canada

Glyphosate （N-phosphonomethyl glycine） is the most used herbicide worldwide. The degradation of ^14C-labeled glyphosate was studied under controlled laboratory conditions in three different agricultural soils： a silt clay loam, a clay loam and a sandy loam soil. The kinetic and intensity of glyphosate degradation varied considerably over time within the same soil and among different types of soil. Our results demonstrated that the mineralization rate of glyphosate was high at the beginning of incubation and then decreased with time until the end of the experiment. The same kinetic was observed for the water extractable residues. The degradation of glyphosate was rapid in the soil with low adsorption capacity （clay loam soil） with a short half-life of 4 days. However, the persistence of glyphosate in high adsorption capacity soils increased, with half-live of 19 days for silt clay loam soil and 14.5 days for sandy loam soil. HPLC analyses showed that the main metabolite of glyphosate, arninomethylphosphonic acid （AMPA） was detected after three days of incubation in the extracts of all three soils. Our results suggested that the possibility of contamination of groundwater by glyphosate was high on a long-term period in soils with high adsorption capacity and low degrading activities and/or acid similar to sandy loam soil. This risk might be faster but less sustainable in soil with low adsorption capacity and high degrading activity like the clay loam soil. However, the release of non-extractable residues may increase the risk of contamination of groundwater regardless of the type of soil.

关键词： glyphosate aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) mineralization degradation soil

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Optimizing Steering Angle Predictive Convolutional Neural Network for Autonomous Car

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2285-2302页

作者： Hajira Saleem Faisal Riaz Asadullah Shaikh Khairan rajab Adel rajab Muhammad Akram Mana Saleh al Reshan Control Automotive and Robotics Lab Affiliated lab of National Center of Robotics and Automation(NCRA HEC Pakistan)and with the Department of Computer Science and Information TechnologyMirpur University of Science and Technology(MUST)Mirpur Azad Kashmir10250Pakistan College of Computer Science and Information System Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Engineering University of South FloridaTampa33620United States

Deep learning techniques,particularly convolutional neural networks(CNNs),have exhibited remarkable performance in solving visionrelated problems,especially in unpredictable,dynamic,and challenging *** autonomous vehicles,imitation-learning-based steering angle prediction is viable due to the visual imagery comprehension of *** this regard,globally,researchers are currently focusing on the architectural design and optimization of the hyperparameters of CNNs to achieve the best *** has proven the superiority of metaheuristic algorithms over the manual-tuning of ***,to the best of our knowledge,these techniques are yet to be applied to address the problem of imitationlearning-based steering angle ***,in this study,we examine the application of the bat algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm for the optimization of the CNN model and its hyperparameters,which are employed to solve the steering angle prediction *** validate the performance of each hyperparameters’set and architectural parameters’set,we utilized the Udacity steering angle dataset and obtained the best results at the following hyperparameter set:optimizer,Adagrad;learning rate,0.0052;and nonlinear activation function,exponential linear *** per our findings,we determined that the deep learning models show better results but require more training epochs and time as compared to shallower *** show the superiority of our approach in optimizing CNNs through metaheuristic algorithms as compared with the manual-tuning *** testing was also performed using the model trained with the optimal architecture,which we developed using our approach.

关键词： Bat algorithm convolutional neural network hyperparameters metaheuristic optimization algorithm steering angle prediction

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Energy-Efficient Static Data Collector-based Scheme in Smart Cities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 2077-2092页

作者： Adel D.rajab College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia

In the Internet of Things(IoT)-based smart city applications,employing the Data Collectors(DC)as the data brokers between the nodes and Base Station(BS)can be a promising solution to enhance the energy efficiency of energy-constrained IoT sensor *** are several schemes that utilize mobile DCs to collect the data packets from sensor ***,moving DCs along the hundreds of thousands of sensors sparsely distributed across a smart city is considered a design challenge in such *** concern lies in how these mobile DCs are being ***,to overcome these limitations,we exploit multiple energy-limited Static Data Collectors(SDC)which are deployed at the locations optimized so that the energy consumption of both nodes and SDCs is ***,anUnmannedAerial Vehicle(UAV)-enabled wireless power transfer is considered for sustaining the SDCs to avoid their energy depletion and data packet *** sustainable charging process operates periodically in each cycle so that the UAV flies from a charging station and after recharging the SDCs,it comes back to the station to be *** this study,we formulate a problem to optimize the movement trajectory and charging time of UAV so that sustainable operation of SDCs during a cycle can be *** the prior studies,our proposed scheme determines the optimal trajectory and charging time at the beginning of each cycle which leads to increase accuracy in comparison with long-term optimization-based *** outcomes of simulation experiments show that the proposed scheme achieves improved network performance in terms of data delivery ratio(12.5%);system throughput(6.6%);total energy consumption(59.19%);and network lifetime(58%)as compared to previous related works.

关键词： Smart city wireless sensor network power constraint energy efficiency

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An Improved Machine Learning Technique with Effective Heart Disease Prediction System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 4169-4181页

作者： Mohammad Tabrez Quasim Saad alhuwaimel Asadullah Shaikh Yousef Asiri Khairan rajab Rihem Farkh Khaled al Jaloud College of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBisha67714Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology P.O.Box 6086Riyadh11442Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia College of Engineering Muzahimiyah BranchKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Laboratory for AnalysisConception and Control of SystemsLR-11-ES20National Engineering School of TunisTunis El Manar University1002Tunisia

Heart disease is the leading cause of death *** heart disease is challenging because it requires substantial experience and *** research studies have found that the diagnostic accuracy of heart disease is *** coronary heart disorder determines the state that influences the heart valves,causing heart *** indications of coronary heart disorder are strep throat with a red persistent skin rash,and a sore throat covered by tonsils or strep *** work focuses on a hybrid machine learning algorithm that helps predict heart attacks and arterial *** first,we achieved the component perception measured by using a hybrid cuckoo search particle swarm optimization(CSPSO)*** this perception measure,characterization and accuracy were improved,while the execution time of the proposed model was *** CSPSO-deep recurrent neural network algorithm resolved issues that state-of-the-art methods *** proposed method offers an illustrative framework that helps predict heart attacks with high *** proposed technique demonstrates the model accuracy,which reached 0.97 with the applied dataset.

关键词： Machine learning deep recurrent neural network effective heart disease prediction framework

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Improved-Equalized Cluster Head Election Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第1期44卷 845-858页

作者： Muhammad Shahzeb ali ali alqahtani Ansar Munir Shah Adel rajab Mahmood Ul Hassan Asadullah Shaikh Khairan rajab Basit Shahzad Department of Computer Science Institute of Southern PunjabMultan5932Pakistan College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Skills Deanship of Preparatory YearNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Engineering National University of Modern LanguagesIslamabad44000Pakistan

Throughout the use of the small battery-operated sensor nodes encou-rage us to develop an energy-efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks(WSNs).The development of an energy-efficient routing protocol is a mainly adopted technique to enhance the lifetime of *** routing protocols are available,but the issue is still *** is one of the most important techniques in the existing routing *** the clustering-based model,the important thing is the selection of the cluster *** this paper,we have proposed a scheme that uses the bubble sort algorithm for cluster head selection by considering the remaining energy and the distance of the nodes in each ***,the bubble sort algorithm chose the two nodes with the maximum remaining energy in the cluster and chose a cluster head with a small *** proposed scheme performs hierarchal routing and direct routing with some energy *** simulation will be performed in MATLAB to justify its performance and results and compared with the ECHERP model to justify its ***,the simulations will be performed in two scenarios,gate-way-based and without gateway to achieve more energy-efficient results.

关键词： Bubble sort algorithm gateway energy thresholds wireless sensor networks

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A Blind DWT-SCHUR Based Digital Video Watermarking Technique

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2015年第4期8卷 224-233页

作者： Lama rajab Tahani al-Khatib ali al-Haj Computer Information Systems The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Princess Sumaya University for Technology Amman Jordan

Digital watermarking is one of the most powerful tools used in ownership and copyrights protection in digital media. This paper presents a blind digital video watermarking technique based on a combination scheme between the Discrete Wavelet transform in (DWT) and the real Schur Decomposition. The scheme starts with applying twolevel DWT to the video scene followed by Schur decomposition in which the binary watermark bits are embedded in the resultant block upper triangular matrix. The proposed technique shows high efficiency due to the use of Schur decomposition which requires fewer computations compared to other transforms. The imperceptibility of the scheme is also very high due to the use of DWT transform;therefore, no visual distortion is noticed in the watermarked video after embedding. Furthermore, the technique proves to be robust against set of standard attacks like: Gaussian, salt and pepper and rotation and some video attacks such as: frame dropping, cropping and averaging. Both capacity and blindness features are also considered and achieved in this technique.

关键词： Video Watermarking Schur Decomposition Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT)

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What’s old is new again:Insights into diabetic foot microbiome

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第6期14卷 680-704页

作者： Azza A H rajab Wael A H Hegazy Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of PharmacyZagazig UniversityZagzig 44511Egypt

Diabetes is a chronic disease that is considered one of the most stubborn global health problems that continues to defy the efforts of scientists and *** prevalence of diabetes in the global population continues to grow to alarming levels year after year,causing an increase in the incidence of diabetes complications and health care costs all over the *** major complication of diabetes is the high susceptibility to infections especially in the lower limbs due to the immunocompromised state of diabetic patients,which is considered a definitive factor in all *** foot infections continue to be one of the most common infections in diabetic patients that are associated with a high risk of serious complications such as bone infection,limb amputations,and life-threatening systemic *** this review,we discussed the circumstances associated with the high risk of infection in diabetic patients as well as some of the most commonly isolated pathogens from diabetic foot infections and the related virulence *** addition,we shed light on the different treatment strategies that aim at eradicating the infection.

关键词： Diabetic foot infection Chronic ulcer Bacterial biofilm Multidrug resistance Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus Vancomycin resistance

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Incidence rate of prostate cancer in men treated for erectile dysfunction with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors： retrospective analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 246-248,I0008页

作者： Anthony H Chavez K Scott Coffield M Hasan rajab Chanhee Joe Departments of Urology Scott & White Healthcare Temple Texas 76508 USA Departments of Biostatistics Scott & White Healthcare Temple Texas 76508 USA Deparment of Biostatistics College of Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh 11533 Saudi Arabia

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence rate of prostate cancer among men with erectile dysfunction （ED） treated with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors （PDE-5i） over a 7-year period vs. men with ED of the same age and with similar risk factors who were not treated with PDE-5i. In a retrospective review of electronic medical records and billing databases between the years 2000 and 2006, men with ED between the ages of 50 and 69 years and no history of prostate cancer prior to 2000 were identified. These individuals were divided into two groups： 2362 men who had treatment with PDE-5i, and 2612 men who did not have treatment. Demographic data in each group were compared. During the study period, 97 （4.1%） men with ED treated with PDE-5i were diagnosed with prostate cancer compared with 258 （9.9%） men with ED in the non-treated group （P〈00001）. A higher percentage of African Americans were treated with PDE-5i vs. those who were not （10.5% vs. 7.1%; P〈O.O001）. The PDE-5i group had lower documented diagnosis of elevated prostate-specific antigen （10.0% vs. 13.1%; P=-0.0008） and higher percentage of benign prostatic hyperplasia （38.4% vs. 35.1%; P=0.0149）. Men with ED treated with PDE-5i tended to have less chance （adjusted odds ratio： 0.4; 95% confidence intervals： 0.3-0.5; P〈0.0001） of having prostate cancer. Our data suggest that men with ED treated with PDE-5i tended to have less of a chance of beine diaenosed with orostate cancer. Further research is warranted.

关键词： erectile dysfunction (ED) phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) prostate cancer prostatic neoplasms

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Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Dense Network

Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Dense Network

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作者： Husam Hussien rajab（胡萨姆）北京邮电大学

学位级别：硕士

随着无线通信迅速的发展,系统容量亟待扩升,密集网络的出现对系统容量的扩充起到了至关重要的作用。但密集网络中的复杂干扰问题会导致网络性能的下降。无线通信的爆炸性增长,以及现有的低效的许可频谱的使用,有力地推动了认知无线电网... 详细信息

随着无线通信迅速的发展,系统容量亟待扩升,密集网络的出现对系统容量的扩充起到了至关重要的作用。但密集网络中的复杂干扰问题会导致网络性能的下降。无线通信的爆炸性增长,以及现有的低效的许可频谱的使用,有力地推动了认知无线电网络和通信的发展和标准化。认知网络技术在提高网络性能方面具有巨大的潜力,即使不考虑动态频谱使用。通过在密集网络中采用认知无线电,可有效解决复杂的干扰问题。合作频谱感知是通过减少检测用户的数量提高无线传感器通信的频谱效率的技术。基于此,认知无线电可以被发展为一个有利的技术支持的合作频谱感知,这意味着无线用户提供了增强的能力,用于检测操作的无线环境,并利用从这种传感获得的网络侧信息。合作频谱感知的概念意味着,无线系统的用户被划分成一个多层次的层次结构的主用户和认知无线电能力的次用户。在密集网络中,频谱效率的提高可以通过在应急环境中根据融合规则减少合作用户数来取得。在传统的应急环境中,采用传统的固定功率分配方式会导致低频谱效率这一问题可通过引入认知无线电技术得以解决。为了满足应急环境低延迟的需求,认知无线电的合作频谱感知机制需考虑合作用户和信噪比条件。合作频谱感知,即多个认知用户感知合作进行频谱感知以提高感知性能的技术,可用于应急环境。采用合作频谱感知机制的应急网络被分为不同簇(集群消防战士,警察,救援服务等),形成无线自组织网络。他们分别管理并在特设基础上创建。在操作过程中,每个集群将合作,帮助其他集群,以实现其特定的任务。这样的集群被称为一个事件区域网络,它由两种类型的节点。本文首先调研了密集网络和认知无线电的研究现状,重点总结和比较了密集网络合作频谱感知技术和传统的合作频谱感知技术。然后结合密集网络的特征,利用matlab对合作频谱感知技术进行了仿真分析和比较。最后,为了增强合作频谱感知算法的鲁棒性,我们提出了一个新的基于应急网络的合作频谱感知机制。

关键词： Dense Network Cognitive Radio Cooperative Spectrum Sensing emergency Incident Area Network

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