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Targeting of Vacuolar Membrane Localized Members of the TPk Channel Family

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Molecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 938-949页

作者： Marcel Dunkel Andreas Latz karin Schumacher Thomas Muller Dirk Becker rainer Hedrich Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics Julius-von-Sachs-lnstitute University of W0rzburg Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2 97082 Worzburg Germany Heidelberger Institut fur Pflanzenwissenschaften (HIP) University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 230 69120 Heidelberg Germany (K.S.) Present address: Physiological Ecology of Plants University ot T(3bingen Aut der Morgenstelle 1 72016 Tubingen Germany

Four members of the tandem-pore potassium channel family of Arabidopsis thaliana （TPk1, 2, 3, and 5） reside in the vacuolar membrane, whereas TPk4 is a plasma membrane k^＋-channel. By constructing chimeras between TPk1 and TPk4, we attempted to identify channel domains involved in the trafficking process and found that the TPk1 cytoplasmic C-terminal domain （CT） is critical for the ERas well as Golgi-sorting steps. Following site-directed mutagenesis, we identified a diacidic motif （DLE） required for ER-export of TPk1. However, this diacidic motif in the C-terminus is not conserved among other members of the TPk family, and TPk3 sorting is independent of its CT. Moreover, the 14-3-3 binding site of TPk1, essential for channel activation, is not involved in channel sorting.

关键词：蛋白酪氨酸激酶类基因家庭钾钾通道受体雌激素体层摄影术 X线计算机胰岛素

Marc Chagall, 1887-1985

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Marc Chagall, 1887-1985

Special issue dedicated to Alain Bensoussan on the occasion of his 80th birthday:Preface

作者： Ingo F. Walther rainer Metzger English translation: Michael Hulse.

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2022年第3期7卷 I0003-I0004页

作者： Buckdahn rainer Juan Li Shige Peng 不详

We are delighted to present this special issue of PUQR in honor of Professor Alain Bensoussan on the occasion of his 80th *** this birthday provides a good opportunity to celebrate the life and the successes of an outstanding researcher,the COVID-19 epidemic has made it hard for a normal *** hope that this special issue of collected papers will nevertheless provide a lasting mark for his birthday and express the appreciation and best wishes to Alain Bensoussan,from his colleagues and former students,from his co-authors and co-co-authors around the world,for a long life in good health and creative power.

关键词： birthday occasion Ala

Cytosolic Ca^2＋ Signals Enhance the Vacuolar Ion Conductivity of Bulging Arabidopsis Root Hair Cells

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Molecular Plant 2015年第11期8卷 1665-1674页

作者： Yi Wang Julian Dindas Florian Rienmuller Melanie krebs rainer Waadt karin Schumacher Wei-Hua Wu rainer Hedrichl M. Rob G. Roelfsema Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences Biocenter Werzburg University Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2 97082Wurzburg Germany State key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SkLPPB) College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Centre for Organismal Studies Developmental Biology of Plants University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 230 69120 Heidelberg Germany College of Science King Saud University (KSU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Plant cell expansion depends on the uptake of solutes across the plasma membrane and their storage within the vacuole. In contrast to the well-studied plasma membrane, little is known about the regulation of ion transport at the vacuolar membrane. We therefore established an experimental approach to study vacuolar ion transport in intact Arabidopsis root cells, with multi-barreled microelectrodes. The subcellular position of electrodes was detected by imaging current-injected fluorescent dyes. Comparison of measurements with electrodes in the cytosol and vacuole revealed an average vacuolar membrane potential of -31 inV. Voltage clamp recordings of single vacuoles resolved the activity of voltage-independent and slowly deactivating channels. In bulging root hairs that express the Ca2＋ sensor R-GECO1, rapid elevation of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ concentration was observed, after impalement with microelectrodes, or injection of the Ca^2＋ chelator BAPTA. Elevation of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ level stimulated the activity of voltage- independent channels in the vacuolar membrane. Likewise, the vacuolar ion conductance was enhanced during a sudden increase of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ level in cells injected with fluorescent Ca^2＋ indicator FURA-2. These data thus show that cytosolic Ca^2＋ signals can rapidly activate vacuolar ion channels, which may prevent rupture of the vacuolar membrane, when facing mechanical forces.

关键词： electrophysiology ion channels calcium signaling/transport fluorescence imaging Arabidopsis,vacuolar membrane

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ZTA复合材料的热等静压研究

航空学报 1992年第10期13卷 B564-B566页

作者：唐国宏 Telle rainer 北京航空航天大学101教研室北京100083 德国马普金属所

研究了热等静压对Al_2O_3-ZrO_2复合材料机械性能的影响以及热等静压烧结过程中ZTA的致密化规律。经实验热等静压烧结的ZTA材料与相应的热压试样相比,其强度和韧性提高近一倍(σ_b=950MPa、k_(IC)=9.5MPa m^(1/2));在不同的烧结温度下,... 详细信息

研究了热等静压对Al_2O_3-ZrO_2复合材料机械性能的影响以及热等静压烧结过程中ZTA的致密化规律。经实验热等静压烧结的ZTA材料与相应的热压试样相比,其强度和韧性提高近一倍(σ_b=950MPa、k_(IC)=9.5MPa m^(1/2));在不同的烧结温度下,显示了不同的致密化规律,其致密人速率分别由晶粒滑动和点阵扩散机制控制。

关键词：热等静压制缺陷尺寸陶瓷

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血管紧张素转换酶基因插入缺失多态性与心肺功能适应性的研究

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中华老年医学杂志 2005年第10期24卷 725-728页

作者：李刚 Raimo kuhanen rainer Rauramaa 重庆医科大学附属第一医院老年病科 400016 芬兰kUOPIO大学医院

目的探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)插入/缺失(I/D)型等位基因与心肺功能适应性的关系。方法收集126名男性健康志愿者,分为体育锻炼组(锻炼组)65名,对照组61名,进行为期5年的前瞻性试验。锻炼组进行低中强度规律的体育锻炼,对照组不强求进... 详细信息

目的探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)插入/缺失(I/D)型等位基因与心肺功能适应性的关系。方法收集126名男性健康志愿者,分为体育锻炼组(锻炼组)65名,对照组61名,进行为期5年的前瞻性试验。锻炼组进行低中强度规律的体育锻炼,对照组不强求进行体育锻炼。试验时及以后每年进行踏车运动试验,测定有氧阈值等心肺功能适应性指标;用多聚酶链反应法分析ACE基因第16内含子I/D多态性。结果锻炼组有氧阈值试验前后分别为(14.4±3.9)ml·min-1·kg-1和(16.4±4.1)ml·min-1·kg-1,对照组分别为(14.2±3.6)ml·min-1·kg-1和(13.8±3.3)ml·min-1·kg-1,锻炼组试验前与试验后及对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(均为Pkg-1、(14.8±3.7)ml·min-1·kg-1和(14.7±3.8)ml·min-1·kg-1,试验后分别为(15.8±3.6)ml·min-1·kg-1、(17.2±4.6)ml·min-1·kg-1和(15.2±3.5)ml·min-1·kg-1,对照组分别为(13.8±2.9)ml·min-1·kg-1、(14.4±3.9)ml·min-1·kg-1和(13.9±4.1)ml·min-1·kg-1,试验后分别为(13.3±3.5)ml·min-1·kg-1、(14.4±3.3)ml·min-1·kg-1和(13.1±2.6)ml·min-1·kg-1,锻炼组II、ID基因型者试验前与试验后及对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(均为P0.05)。结论低中强度规律的体育锻炼能显著提高心肺功能;ACEII、ID基因型者较DD基因型者的心肺功能易通过体育锻炼而提高。

关键词：血管紧张索类多态性限制性片断长度循环和呼吸生理学身体锻炼

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Epichloë − a lifeline for temperate grasses under combined drought and insect pressure

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Grass Research 2021年第1期1卷 50-61页

作者： katrin G.Hewitt Alison J.Popay rainer W.Hofmann John R.Caradus AgResearch Ltd. Plant Invertebrate InteractionsRuakura Research CentrePrivate Bag 3123Hamilton 3240New Zealand Lincoln University Faculty of Agriculture and Life ScienceLincoln 7647New Zealand Grasslanz Technology Ltd. Private Bag 11008Palmerston North 4442New Zealand

Fungal Epichloëendophytes form symbiotic associations with many temperate grasses,such as Lolium and Festuca,giving their host grasses an ecological *** importance of specific Epichloëendophytes in providing varying levels of protection against invertebrate pests has been well ***,but with fewer studies,the benefits of Epichloëto host grasses in drought events has been ***-infected grasses show an improved persistence against herbivore insect attack as well as resilience under ***,there are relatively few studies that investigate the interaction between drought and insect pressure,and yet it is these combined pressures that can prove detrimental for a ryegrass or fescue *** review examines the current state of knowledge on the effects of Epichloëon the interactions of insects and drought in temperate grasses.

关键词： drought temperate grass

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干旱胁迫下5种三叶草的生理反应(英文)

应用与环境生物学报 2011年第4期17卷 580-584页

作者：蔺万煌 HOFMANN rainer W STILWELL Stephen A 湖南农业大学植物激素与生长发育湖南省重点实验室长沙410128 林肯大学农业与生命科学部

为了解三叶草属抗旱的生理机理，寻找适宜干旱地区种植的三叶草品种，比较了地三叶草（Trifoliumsubterraneum L．）、大花三叶草（rmichelianum Savi）、自：二三叶草（rrepens L．）、高加索三叶草（*** ***．）和草莓三叶草（zfragif... 详细信息

为了解三叶草属抗旱的生理机理，寻找适宜干旱地区种植的三叶草品种，比较了地三叶草（Trifoliumsubterraneum L．）、大花三叶草（rmichelianum Savi）、自：二三叶草（rrepens L．）、高加索三叶草（*** ***．）和草莓三叶草（zfragiferum L．）在人工干旱条件下4wk的生长和生理反应．结果表明，干旱处理下大仡乏叶草、草莓三叶草和白三叶草地上部分干重严重减少，分别降低了70％、66％和64％，而高加索三叶草和地三叶草减少不到50％；高加索三叶草叶片水势降低到-2．0MPa以下，而其他4种三叶草只降低到-1．5MPa左右；高加索三叶草和争莓三叶草叶片光合速率降低25％，而地三叶草、白三叶草和大花三叶草下降35％～63％．此外，干旱条件下，5种供试三叶草叶片中游离脯氨酸含量普遍增加，其中高加索三叶草和白三叶草分别增加到2．5倍和3．1倍．研究显示高加索三叶草在多项重要生长和生理指标中表现出很强的抗旱性，因此认为其可作为干旱地区栽培自叶草的补充或替代种．

关键词：三叶草干旱胁迫游离脯氨酸光合作用水势

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Non-aqueous fractionation revealed changing subcellular metabolite distribution during apple fruit development

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 556-567页

作者： Wasiye F.Beshir Takayuki Tohge Mutsumi Watanabe Maarten L.A.TMHertog rainer Hoefgen Alisdair R.Fernie Bart M.Nicolaï Division of Mechatronics Biostatistics and Sensors(MeBioS)Department of Biosystems(BIOSYST)KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology(MPI-MP) Potsdam-GolmGermany Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology(VCBT) LeuvenBelgium

In developing apple fruit,metabolic compartmentation is poorly understood due to the lack of experimental *** subcellular compartments in fruit using non-aqueous fractionation has been technically difficult due to the excess amount of sugars present in the different subcellular compartments limiting the resolution of the *** work described in this study represents the first attempt to apply non-aqueous fractionation to developing apple fruit,covering the major events occurring during fruit development(cell division,cell expansion,and maturation).Here we describe the non-aqueous fractionation method to study the subcellular compartmentation of metabolites during apple fruit development considering three main cellular compartments(cytosol,plastids,and vacuole).Evidence is presented that most of the sugars and organic acids were predominantly located in the vacuole,whereas some of the amino acids were distributed between the cytosol and the *** results showed a shift in the plastid marker from the lightest fractions in the early growth stage to the dense fractions in the later fruit growth *** implies that the accumulation of starch content with progressing fruit development substantially influenced the distribution of plastidial fragments within the non-aqueous density gradient *** from this study provide substantial baseline information on assessing the subcellular compartmentation of metabolites in apple fruit in general and during fruit growth in particular.

关键词： technique distribution sugar