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Schoolchildren from disadvantaged backgrounds present a loss of lean tissue mass and significant increase of body fat mass during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany:results from the MEDdirect study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第5期18卷 363-367页

作者： David Muhmann Marvin Droste Jorn Schulz Frederike Linge Lea Ladewig Ursula Eisenberg Susanne Roder rainer Buscher University Hospital Essen PediatricsⅡHufelandstr.5545147 EssenGermany Be Strong for Kids E.V Sundernholz 10845134 EssenGermany Schule Am Steeler Tor Engelbertstr.445127 EssenGermany

Children from socio-economically disadvantaged backgrounds receive unequal opportunities to succeed in school,which will lead to a decreased health literacy as adults[U].This is not only directly associated with an impaired eco-nomic and mental health and wellbeing of young people,but above all with an in creased adult mortality[1-4].While this problem is well known and described,only few and even fewer pediatric studies suggest how to interrupt this downward spiral consistently[5,6].

关键词： disadvantage adult impaired

COmbination of Targeted temperature management and Thrombectomy after acute Ischemic Stroke(COTTIS):a pilot study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第3期9卷 258-267页

作者： Jürgen Bardutzky rainer Kollmar Forat Al-Rawi Johann Lambeck Mohammad Fazel Christian Taschner Wolf-Dirk Niesen Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology Medical Center-University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Neurology and Neurointensive Care Darmstadt HospitalDarmstadtGermany BrainCool AB LundSweden Department of Neuroradiology Medical Center-University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

Background To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a fast initiation of cooling to a target temperature of 35℃by means of transnasal cooling in patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion(LVO)undergoing endovascular thrombectomy(EVT).Methods Patients with an LVO onset of<24hour who had an indication for EVT were included in the *** cooling(RhinoChill)was initiated immediately after the patient was intubated for EVT and continued until an oesophageal target temperature of 35℃was *** was maintained with surface cooling for 6-hour postrecanalisation,followed by active rewarming(+0.2℃/hour).The primary outcome was defined as the time required to reach 35℃,while secondary outcomes comprised clinical,radiological and safety *** Twenty-two patients(median age,77 years)were included in the study(14 received additional thrombolysis,4 additional stenting of the proximal internal carotid artery).The median time intervals were 309min for last-seen-normal-to-groin,58min for door-to-cooling-initiation,65min for door-to-groin and 123min for *** target temperature of 35℃was reached within 30min(range 13–78min),corresponding to a cooling rate of 2.6℃/*** recanalisation,86%of the patients had a body temperature of≤35℃.The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at admission was 15 and improved to 2 by day 7,and 68%of patients had a good outcome(modified Rankin Scale 0–2)at 3 *** complications included asymptomatic bradycardia(32%),pneumonia(18%)and asymptomatic haemorrhagic transformation(18%).Conclusion The combined application of hypothermia and thrombectomy was found to be feasible in sedated and ventilated *** events were comparable to those previously described for EVT in the absence of *** effect of this procedure will next be evaluated in the randomised COmbination of Targeted temperature management and Thrombectomy after acute Ischemic Stro

关键词： maintained continued initiated

Small mammal community composition impacts bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) population dynamics and associated seroprevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 52-65页

作者： Felicitas Maria BUJNOCH Daniela REIL Stephan DREWES Ulrike MROSENFELD rainer G.ULRICH Jens JACOB Christian IMHOLT Julius Kühn-Institute Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Epidemiology and Pathogen DiagnosticsRodent ResearchMünsterGermany University of Münster Institute for Evolution and BiodiversityMünsterGermany Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Federal Research Institute for Animal HealthInstitute of Novel and Emerging Infectious DiseasesGreifswald-Insel RiemsGermany

Rodents are important reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens that cause diseases in *** is hypoth-esized to be closely related to pathogen prevalence through multiple direct and indirect *** example,the presence of non-host species can reduce contact rates of the main reservoir host and thus reduce the risk of transmission(“dilution effect”).In addition,an overlap in ecological niches between two species could lead to increased interspecific competition,potentially limiting host densities and reducing density-dependent pathogen transmission *** this study,we investigated the relative impact of population-level regulation of direct and indirect drivers of the prevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus(PUUV)in bank voles(Clethrionomys glareolus)during years with high *** compiled data on small mammal community composition from four regions in Germany between 2010 and *** equation modeling revealed a strong seasonality in PUUV control mechanisms in bank *** abundance of shrews tended to have a negative relationship with host abundance,and host abundance positively influenced PUUV seroprevalence,while at the same time increasing the abundance of competing non-hosts like the wood mouse(Apodemus sylvaticus)and the yellow-neckedfield mouse(Apodemusflavicollis)were associated with reduced PUUV seroprevalence in the *** results indicate that for PUUV in bank voles,dilution is associated with increased interspecific *** pressures leading to the decline of Apodemus *** a specific habitat could lead to the amplification of mechanisms promoting PUUV transmission within the host populations.

关键词： bank vole biodiversity Puumala orthohantavirus small mammals

Improved degradation of azo dyes by lignin peroxidase following mutagenesis at two sites near the catalytic pocket and the application of peroxidase-coated yeast cell walls

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第2期15卷 33-42页

作者： Karla IlićĐurđić Raluca Ostafe Olivera Prodanović AleksandraĐurđevićĐelmaš Nikolina Popović rainer Fischer Stefan Schillberg Radivoje Prodanović University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry Studentski trg 12-1611000 BelgradeSerbia Molecular Evolution Protein Engineering and Production facility(MEPEP) Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Institute of Molecular Biotechnology RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany Institute for Multidisciplinary Research Kneza Višeslava 111030 BelgradeSerbia Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME 52074 AachenGermany

The enzymatic degradation of azo dyes is a promising alternative to ineffective chemical and physical remediation *** peroxidase(LiP)from Phanerochaete chrysosporium is a hemecontaining lignin-degrading oxidoreductase that catalyzes the peroxide-dependent oxidation of diverse molecules,including industrial *** enzyme is therefore ideal as a starting point for protein ***,we subjected two positions(165 and 264)in the environment of the catalytic Trp171 residue to saturation mutagenesis,and the resulting library of 104 independent clones was expressed on the surface of yeast *** yeast display library was used for the selection of variants with the ability to break down structurally-distinct azo dyes more *** identified mutants with up to 10-fold greater affinity than wild-type LiP for three diverse azo dyes(Evans blue,amido black 10B and Guinea green)and up to 13-fold higher catalytic ***,cell wall fragments displaying mutant LiP enzymes were prepared by toluene-induced cell lysis,achieving significant increases in both enzyme activity and stability compared to a whole-cell *** cell wall fragments retained their initial dye degradation activity after 10 reaction cycles each lasting 8 *** best-performing mutants removed up to 2.5-fold more of each dye than the wild-type LiP in multiple reaction cycles.

关键词： Bioremediation Enzyme immobilization Protein engineering Yeast surface display

Biochar surface functional groups as affected by biomass feedstock, biochar composition and pyrolysis temperature

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2021年第1期4卷 36-46页

作者： rainer Janu Verena Mrlik Doris Ribitsch Jakub Hofman Petr Sedlácek Lucie Bielsk Gerhard Soja AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Konrad Lorenz-Str.243430 TullnAustria University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Institute of Environmental BiotechnologyKonrad Lorenz-Str.203430 TullnAustria Masaryk University Faculty of ScienceRECETOXKamenice 753/562500 BrnoCzech Republic Brno University of Technology Materials Research CentrePurkyňova 464/11861200 BrnoCzech Republic University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Institute for Chemical and Energy EngineeringMuthgasse 1071190 WienAustria

By testing 92 different biochars,this study had the objective to determine the relations between simple physico-chemical characteristics of biochar(elemental composition,ash fraction,specific surface area,process parameters)and infrared sorption characteristics revealing the presence of specific functional *** results of Diffusive Reflection Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy were statistically analyzed with multiple linear regression techniques and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)with the biochar characterization parameters as model *** dominant parameters affecting the functional group signals were the pyrolysis temperature,the H/C-ratio and specific surface area of the biochar and the ash *** models were able to explain 60-90%of data variance for specific peaks in the *** application of PCA could further reduce the input parameters to three main factors explaining 70.8%of total data *** of the first two main factors showed the similarity of infrared spectra of biochars produced at 300 and 450℃,whereas a pyrolysis temperature of 600℃ lead to a partial and a 750℃ to a nearly complete loss of biochar surface functional groups.

关键词： FTIR DRIFTS Spectroscopy Characterization Carbonization

Coronatine-lnsensitive 1 （COI1） Mediates Transcriptional Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to External Potassium Supply

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Molecular Plant 2010年第2期3卷 390-405页

作者： Patrick Armengaud rainer Breitling Anna Amtmann Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK Present address: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Unite de nutrition azotee des plantes RD10 78026 Versailles Cedex France Groningen Bioinformatics Centre University of Groningen Kerklaan 30 9751 NN Haren The Netherlands

The ability to adjust growth and development to the availability of mineral nutrients in the soil is an essential life skill of plants but the underlying signaling pathways are poorly understood. In Arab/dops/s thal/ana, shortage of po- tassium （K） induces a number of genes related to the phytohormone jasmonic acid （JA）. Using comparative microarray analysis of wild-type and coi1-16 mutant plants, we classified transcriptional responses to K with respect to their depen- dence on COI1, a central component of oxylipin signaling. Expression profiles obtained in a short-term experiment clearly distinguished between COil-dependent and COil-independent K-responsive genes, and identified both known and novel targets of JA-COIl-signaling. During long-term K-deficiency, coi-16 mutants displayed de novo responses covering similar functions as COil-targets except for defense. A putative role of JA for enhancing the defense potential of K-deficient plants was further supported by the observation that plants grown on low K were less damaged by thrips than plants grown with sufficient K.

关键词： Hormonal regulation nutrition secondary metabolism/natural products transcriptome analysis plantinsect interactions Arabidopsis.

DNA Damage-Induced Transcription of Transposable Elements and Long Non-coding RNAs in Arabidopsis Is Rare and ATM-Dependent

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Molecular Plant 2016年第8期9卷 1142-1155页

作者： Zhenxing Wang rainer Schwacke Reinhard Kunze institute of Biology - Applied Genetics Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences - DCPS Freie Universit~t Berlin Albrecht-Thaler-Weg 6 14195 Berlin Germany Forschungszentrum JQlich GmbH Institute of Bio- and Geosciences Plant Sciences (IBG-2) 52425 JQlich Germany

Induction and mobilization of transposable elements （TEs） following DNA damage or other stresses has been reported in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Recently it was discovered that eukaryotic TEs are frequently associated with long non-coding RNAs （IncRNAs）, many of which are also upregulated by stress. Yet, it is unknown whether DNA damage-induced transcriptional activation of TEs and IncRNAs occurs sporadically or is a synchronized, genome-wide response. Here we investigated the transcriptome of Arabidopsis wild- type （WT） and ataxia telangiectasia mutated （atm） mutant plants 3 h after induction of DNA damage. In WT, expression of 5.2% of the protein-coding genes is 〉 2-fold changed, whereas in atm plants, only 2.6% of these genes are regulated, and the response of genes associated with DNA repair, replication, and cell cy- cle is largely lost. In contrast, only less than 0.6% of TEs and IncRNAs respond to DNA damage in WT plants, and the regulation of 〉95% of them is ATM-dependent. The ATM-downstream factors BRCA1, DRM1, JMJ30, AGO2, and the ATM-independent AGO4 participate in the regulation of individual TEs and IncRNAs. Remarkably, protein-coding genes located adjacent to DNA damage-responsive TEs and IncRNAs are frequently coexpressed, which is consistent with the hypothesis that TEs and IncRNAs located close to genes commonly function as controlling elements.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana ataxia telangiectasia mutated DNA damage response transposable element,long non-coding RNA

Poplar Extrafloral Nectar Is Protected against Plant and Human Pathogenic Fungus

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Molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 1157-1159页

作者： María Escalante-Pérez Mario Jaborsky Jorg Reinders Oliver Kurzai rainer Hedrich Peter Ache University Würzburg BiozentrumJulius-von-Sachs-Institut für BiowissenschaftenJulius-von-Sachs-Platz 2D-97082 WürzburgGermany University Regensburg Institute of Functional GenomicsJosef-Engert-Strasse 9D-93053 RegensburgGermany Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena Septomics Research CentreBeutenbergstr.11aD-07745 JenaGermany

Dear Editor, Plants secrete nectar to attract mutualistic animals, which predominantly function as pollinators, as in the case of flo- ral nectar, or defenders against herbivores, as in the case of extrafloral nectar （Nicolson et al., 2007）. Because nectars usu- ally represent aqueous solutions containing sugars and other nutrient metabolites （Baker and Baker, 1983）, they are sus- ceptible to infestation by microbial organisms, which can use the nectar-secreting tissues as entry sites to infect the plant. Nectar-secreting tissues thus require an efficient shield against pathogen infections. To date, our knowledge about the way that plants protect their nectar from microorganisms is rather limited. Several reports have focused on ＇defensive chemicals＇,

关键词： LETTERS to the editor NECTAR MYCOSES

Molecular Mechanism of Electroacupuncture Regulating Cerebral Arterial Contractile Protein in Rats with Cerebral Infarction Based on MLCK Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第1期29卷 61-68页

作者： LI Jing ZHANG Min HE Ying DU Yuan-hao ZHANG Xue-zhu rainer Georgi Bernhard Kolberg Xu Yan-long Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjin300193China Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Heidelberg69120Germany Uniklinik Mannheim Mannheim68167Germany Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhou730050China

Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)intervention on the vasoconstriction of cerebral artery smooth muscle cells after cerebral *** Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups by a random number table:the model group(n=24),the EA group(n=24),and the normal group(n=6).The model and the EA groups were divided into different time subgroups at 0.5,1,3,and 6 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO),with 6 rats in each *** model was established using intraluminal suture occlusion *** EA group was given EA treatment at acupoint Shuigou(GV 26)instantly after MCAO for 20 *** contents of cerebrovascular smooth muscle MLCK,the 3 subunits of myosin light chain phosphatase(MLCP)MYPT1,PP1c-δand M20,as well as myosin-ATPase activity were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western *** The overall expression level of the MYPT1 and PP1c-δin the model group was significantly higher(P0.05),and the other subgroups were still significantly higher than the normal group(P<0.01).After EA intervention,the expression level of each subgroup was significantly lower than the corresponding model *** was a significant difference between the 0.5 and 1 h subgroups(P<0.01),while a difference was also observed between the 3 and 6 h subgroups(P<0.05).The dynamic change rule gradually increased with the prolongation of infarction time within 6 h after *** EA intervention can inhibit contraction of cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells and regulate smooth muscle relaxation by regulating MLCK pathway.

关键词： infarction vasomotor MLCK pathway Shuigou(GV 26) electroacupuncture