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Incidents with Dioxins and PCBs in Food and Feed-Investigative work, Risk Management and Economic Consequences

Journal of Environmental Protection 2017年第6期8卷 744-785页

作者： rainer Malisch European Union Reference Laboratory (EU-RL) for Dioxins and PCBs in Feed and Food Chemisches und Veterin&auml runtersuchungsamt Freiburg (CVUA State Institute for Chemical and Veterinary Analysis of Food) Freiburg Germany

The identification of contamination sources within the food chain with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDFs), (“dioxins”), and PCBs is difficult and complex. PCDD/PCDF can be formed as unintentional compounds in a number of chemical processes as well as in almost every combustion process. PCBs were intentionally produced chemicals that were manufactured for decades before the ban in marketing and use in many countries around 1985. The pattern of occurrence can change from the original source in particular via feedingstuffs to food of animal origin as result of bioaccumulation. A number of examples illustrate the challenging detective work and key scientific aspects for identification of the sources, for support of the risk management and for performance of monitoring programs. The contamination of milk and milk products in European countries with dioxins was caused by compound feeds containing citrus pulp pellets from Brazil which had high dioxin levels as a result of the use of heavily contaminated lime used for neutralization. The Belgian dioxin crisis was caused by a feed additive heavily contaminated with PCBs which were discharged into a recycled fat used in the production of animal feed. Guar gum from India was contaminated with sodium pentachlorophenate and dioxins. Clay was found to be possibly highly contaminated with dioxins possibly formed by geothermal processes over time;use of such clay as feed additive or for human intake led to elevated dioxin levels in food and humans. Bioanalytical screening in combination with comprehensive physicochemical investigations led to the detection of brominated flame retardants and brominated dioxins in a feed additive. Buffalo milk was contaminated in Italy presumably caused by illegal deposition of waste. High PCB levels in fuel oil for drying of breadcrumb used as a feed ingredient caused a major dioxin crisis with pork meat in Ireland. Fatty acids for technical purposes

关键词： PCDDs PCDFs PCBs Feed Food Detective work Congener Patterns Contamination Incidents Clay Geophagy Biomonitoring Bromodioxins EU Legislation Maximum Levels Action Levels

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Generalization of the de Sitter Cosmos

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Journal of Modern Physics 2018年第4期9卷 685-700页

作者： rainer Burghardt Independent Researcher Obritz Austria

First of all, we investigate whether the transformation of Lemaître inevitably leads from the static de Sitter cosmos to an expanding cosmos. A Lorentz transformation which can be assigned to the Lemaître transformation results in a frame of reference that moves relatively to the static dS system. Because of the homogeneity of space, this applies to every point in the space which does not itself undergo any change. we interpret the “expansion” of the cosmos Milne-like. It is not the space that expands, but the mesh of the Lemaître coordinate system. The velocity parameter of the associated Lorentz transformation is geometrically based and shows that the joined observer systems are moving in free fall. we also discuss the question of whether the speed of light for free-falling observers in the universe can be reached or can be exceeded, respectively. we raise the question of whether the model can be extended in such a way that the motions take place with a velocity that is lower than the one of the free fall. we believe that the method we have derived can be generalized to models with genuine expansion.

关键词： De Sitter Cosmos Accelerated Expansion Coordinate Transformations Reference-System Transformations

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Linking Conditions for Models with Geometrical Basis

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Journal of Modern Physics 2020年第3期11卷 355-364页

作者： rainer Burghardt A-2061 Obritz 246 Obritz Austria

Usually it is demanded that the metric and its 1st derivatives have to match at the boundary of two adjacent regions which are solutions to Einstein’s field equation. we propose a new linking condition concerning gravitational models based on surfaces which could be embedded into a higher dimensional flat space. we probe this condition for the Schwarzschild interior and exterior solution.

关键词： Linking Conditions Short Discussions of Previous Papers Schwarzschild Models Flamm’ Paraboloid

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Dark Matter without Matter

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Journal of Modern Physics 2018年第13期9卷 2320-2341页

作者： rainer Burghardt A-2061 Obritz 246 Obritz Austria

we design a cosmological model that expands at a speed less than that of free fall and which allows accelerations of the recession velocity. In addition, the underlying geometry of the model can be adjusted in such a way that attractive forces arise in the cosmos, forces whose sources are not matter. This could explain dark matter as a property of space and one could also address the question of why galactic systems are not subject to expansion.

关键词： Dark Matter Cosmology Accelerated Expansion Recession Velocity Less Than with Free Falling Expansion

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Power,the Body and Reflexivity:Hans-Herbert K?gler's Hermeneutics in the Context of Critical Sociology

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中外文化与文论 2022年第3期52卷 21-41页

作者： rainer winter Institute for Media and Communications Alpen-Adria-Universitat in Klagenfurt on Lake Woerther (Austria)

In his contribution,rainer winter shows how Critical Hermeneutics,as developed by Hans-Herbert Kogler,has deepened our understanding of how agents are anchored in social processes and of their capacity to critically reflect upon these ***,he succeeded in broadening the field of critical theory by combining the anti-positivistic procedure that is hermeneutics with a critical examination of the relations of power and *** doing so,he also refined our understanding of agency and posited "self-empowerment" as an important aspiration.

关键词： power subjectivity understanding dialogue habitus body self-will(Eigensinn) self-empowerment

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Supertranslations to All Orders

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Journal of Modern Physics 2010年第1期1卷 59-66页

作者： rainer Dick 不详

we calculate the transformation laws of the general linear superfield and chiral superfields under supertranslations to all orders in the translation parameters . we use the superfield formalism with complete expansions of the component fields in the coordinate shifts . The results show in particular how a general supertranslation transforms each component field of a supermultiplet into a complete superfield. The results also provide complete parametri-zations of orbits of component fields under supertranslations.

关键词： Supersymmetry Supermultiplets Supertranslations

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Descemet-membrane endothelial keratoplasty in patients with retinal comorbidity -a prospective cohort study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第3期9卷 390-394页

作者： Kristina Spaniol Christoph Holtmann Jan-Hendrik Schwinde Sophia Deffaa rainer Guthoff Gerd Geerling University Eye Hospital Dusseldorf Moorenstraβe 5Dusseldorf 40225 Germany

AIM： To investigate indications, surgical challenges, and outcome of Descemet -membrane endothelial keratoplasty （DMEK） in patients with retinal comorbidities （RC）. METHODS： In a prospective cohort study, 8 eyes of 8 DMEK-patients with known RC were compared to 38 eyes of 38 DMEK-patients without RC. The duration of surgery, the degree of difficulty graded by the surgeon, and the complications through DMEK-surgery were analyzed for each patient. The best-corrected visual acuity （BCVA）, the endothelial cell count, the intraocular pressure, and the subjective satisfaction was evaluated after a 6-month follow-up. Data were compared applying the non-parametric wilcoxon-, Chi-square- and Fisher＇s-exact-test with P≤ 0. 05 as level of significance. RESULTS： RC-patients had dry age-related macular degeneration （n=4） or history of pars-plana vitrectomy （n=4）. The main indication for DMEK was pain due to bullous keratopathy for the RC-patlents （n=7, 88%） and visual impairment due to Fuchs endothelial keratoplasty for the non-RC-patients （n=33, 87% ）. The BCVA increased for both groups （P=0.01, P〈0.001） and all corneas cleared. For the RC-patients, the subjective satisfaction improved significantly （P=0.02）. Oil-filling and missing support of the vitreous body complicated surgery in vitrectomized eyes. CONCLUSION： DMEK is a favorable technique to treat endothelial disorders even if patients suffer from a retinal comorbidity. By enhancing the corneal clarity, it enables retinal examination or intraocular surgery and increases the patients satisfaction. However, in vitrectomized or silicone-oil filled eyes, the duration of surgery and degree of complexity are increased. An experienced surgeon should perform DMEK in these patients. Clinical trial registration number： DRKS00007566.

关键词： Descemet-membrane endothelial keratoplasty age-related macular degeneration pars plana vitrectomy

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Local and Global Flatness in Cosmology

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Journal of Modern Physics 2019年第12期10卷 1439-1453页

作者： rainer Burghardt A-2061 Obritz 246 Obritz Austria

we raise the question of how the curvature parameter k is related to the curvature of the universe. we also show that, for a cosmological model that can be interpreted geometrically as a pseudo-hypersphere with a time-dependent radius, the Einstein field equations are not sufficient to fully describe the model. In addition, the differential equation system of Bianchi identities is required to describe the temporal evolution of the universe. we discuss the facts using the example of the de Sitter universe, the subluminal universe and the Rh=ct model by Melia. In particular, we discuss the formal differences between the two latter models and claim that both models are identical. we also examine the possibility of introducing non-comoving coordinates.

关键词： Curvature Parameter Bianchi Identities de Sitter Cosmos Subluminal Cosmos Rh=ct Cosmos Geometric Horizon

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Optical Switching of a Quantum Cascade Laser in Continuous wave Operation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第1期27卷 268-270页

作者： Gang Chen Seong-wook Park I-Chun A. Chen Clyde G. Bethea rainer Martini Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Stevens Institute of Technology Castle Point on Hudson Hoboken N3 07030 USA College of Optoelectronic Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044

we demonstrate an optical switching in a middle infrared continuous-wave quantum cascade laser operated in single mode by illuminating its front facet with a near infrared laser. A decrease in the laser net gain is observed in the amplified spontaneous emission spectrum. This is attributed to an increase of the carrier concentration caused by the near infrared excitation. The net gain reduction allows the quantum cascade laser to be completely switched off from single mode lasing. This optical switching can be used to convert near infrared signals into middle infrared signals for free space communication.

关键词： Chinese climate network complex systems small world community

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Anorthern animal kingdom

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中国周刊 2005年第1期 16-23页

作者： rainer Thomm

I began photographing wild animals at Baiquan in 2002,what is really propelling me to go back time and time again,though,is the unforgettable experience of tracking down and getting shots of red foxes and shika.

关键词： Anorthern animal kingdom

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