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A mutation in the promoter of the yellow stripe-like transporter gene in cucumber results in a yellow cotyledon phenotype

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 849-862页

作者： Jiawei Pan Jia Song rahat Sharif Xuewen Xu Shutong Li Xuehao Chen School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Institute of Vegetables Tianjin Academy of Agricultural SciencesTianjin 300384China

Leaf color mutants in higher plants are considered to be ideal materials for studying the chlorophyll biosynthesis,photosynthesis mechanism and chloroplast ***,we identified a spontaneous mutant,yc412,in cultivated cucumber that exhibited yellow *** yellow-lethal mutant was diagnosed with an abnormal chloroplast ultrastructure,and reduced photosynthetic capacity and pigment *** bulked segregant analysis-based whole-genome sequencing and fine genetic mapping,we narrowed the yellow cotyledons (yc) locus to a 96.8 kb interval on chromosome *** resequencing and molecular cloning,we showed that Csyc is a potential candidate gene,which encodes a yellow stripe-like (YSL) *** T to C mutation in the promoter region of Csyc caused the yellow cotyledon phenotype in *** to YZU027A (WT),the expression of Csyc was significantly downregulated in the cotyledons of *** of Csyc in cucumber via virus-induced gene silencing resulted in chlorotic leaves,mainly by suppressing the chlorophyll ***,a comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that chloroplast-related genes and chlorophyll biosynthesis genes were significantly downregulated in yc412 *** results provide new insights into the molecular function of the YSL transporter in plant chloroplast development and chlorophyll synthesis.

关键词： cucumber yellow-lethal cotyledons chloroplast development yellow stripe-like transporter

巴基斯坦与土耳其战略关系重组——9/11事件对两国战略共识的影响

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巴基斯坦与土耳其战略关系重组——9/11事件对两国战略共识的影响

作者： rahat shah 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

本论文意在探讨9/11恐怖袭击后巴基斯坦和土耳其关系的演变。在随后的10多年间,作为伊斯兰世界中为数不多的最大军事强国,巴基斯坦和土耳其迅速在军事和安全领域建立了密切关系。为了探究这一问题,本文从两国的安全和战略因素入手。为此... 详细信息

本论文意在探讨9/11恐怖袭击后巴基斯坦和土耳其关系的演变。在随后的10多年间,作为伊斯兰世界中为数不多的最大军事强国,巴基斯坦和土耳其迅速在军事和安全领域建立了密切关系。为了探究这一问题,本文从两国的安全和战略因素入手。为此,该论文强调并指出国际恐怖主义的袭击不仅惊动了世界,而且让世界各国不得不考虑安全到底是什么。巴基斯坦和土耳其也不例外。历史上,巴基斯坦与土耳其关系一直友好。甚至在巴基斯坦独立建国之前,仍在英国统治下的印度包含众多的穆斯林。他们深受自治运动的影响,开始期待在奥斯曼帝国的领导下,完成伊斯兰的统一并且成为一个伟大宗教源泉。为此,印巴境内的穆斯林在道义和政治上支持奥斯曼帝国,并且在一战期间集资和物质援助奥斯曼民众。后来的巴基斯坦政治独立领导人真纳警告英国当局不要入侵奥斯曼帝国解体后的土耳其共和国。1924年,印度境内的穆斯林人们公开支持土耳其政府。鉴于此,当1947年巴基斯坦获得独立后,土耳其率先承认了它并且很快任命了资深政治家亚西亚﹒凯麦尔为土耳其驻伊斯兰堡首任大使。这表明土耳其政府从一开始就十分重视发展与巴基斯坦的双边关系。巴基斯坦建国之父——真纳由衷感谢土耳其政府并期待两国关系顺利发展。建国初期,巴基斯坦得到了土耳其的有效帮助,包括印制巴基斯坦货币等,甚至在1954年签署了友好条约关系。这一关系进一步发展成为中央条约组织成员,以及后来1964年的地区合作组织关系。总之,整个冷战期间,巴基斯坦和土耳其两国在克什米尔和塞浦路斯问题上相互予以道义和政治上的支持。冷战结束后,巴土两国继续保持密切关系并且成为经济合作与发展中八国组织的主要成员国。然而,9/11事件是巴基斯坦和土耳其两国关系的重大转折点,这里指两国对安全战略的共识发生转变。两国出于对安全战略的考虑,巴基斯坦开始寻求与土耳其在安全战略方面的合作事宜。首先,巴基斯坦与阿富汗在历史上遗留的边界纷争让它急于和土耳其加强合作关系。这就是巴阿两国互不相让的“杜兰德线”遗留问题。除了这些双边领土争议外,巴基斯坦一直要求在阿富汗占有一定的战略纵深,以便防止印度通过阿富汗包围它。这一问题在9/11恐怖袭击后变得更加敏感和棘手,因为印度军队以反恐的名义进入了阿富汗。此前,巴基斯坦一直与阿富汗的塔列班政权有着战略合作关系。但是当塔列班政府被美国推翻后,比集团随即失去了对阿富汗的影响。相反,印度占了上风。不仅如此,鉴于美国政府宣布,各国政府只有两种选择,于是纷纷表态反对国际恐怖组织活动以保护自身的安全和利益。从此,巴基斯坦需要像土耳其这样的国家能够与美国进行沟通。同样,土耳其政府乐于推动包括巴阿土三国的峰会来讨论和解决这些问题。对于土耳其而言,由于它随同北约出兵阿富汗推翻了塔列班政府,“基地组织”开始对土耳其构成安全威胁,因此此时的外交政策急需调整。2003年,土耳其开始追查基地组织对它进行的恐怖攻击。这次恐布袭击的目标是伊斯坦布尔的犹太教堂、英国领事馆和汇丰银行,并且造成62人死亡和650人负伤。为了避免下次攻击,土耳其需要与伊斯兰堡合作共享情报。显然,没有任何国家的情报组织和资源足以击败恐怖活动。为此,土耳其和巴基斯坦两国于2004年签署了“共同打击国际恐怖主义和罪行条约”。巴基斯坦对土耳其的重要性表现在三方面:第一,地理上,巴基斯坦与阿富汗接壤,正式塔列班政府支持着基地组织。第二,政治上,巴基斯坦情报组织自1996年至2001年与阿富汗塔列班政权有合作关系。第三,语言和文化上,巴基斯坦与塔列班属于同族。当然,国家安全考虑是土耳其和巴基斯坦相互转变战略共识的共同基础,因为每个国家都为其权力和安全而奋斗。巴基斯坦渴望从土耳其那里得到更多的先进武器和装备。同样土耳其也需要从巴基斯坦那里得到外交和必要的军事合作。无论是从近期合作还是长期伙伴关系而言,土耳其与巴基斯坦是能够相互支持的两大伊斯兰国家。正是在这种相互安全需要的情景下,土巴两国于2016年正式签署了“战略伙伴合作关系”。如今,巴基斯坦成为土耳其第二大武器出口市场。为了稳定这一战略关系,土耳其不断升级出口巴基斯坦的不同舰船以及新型的本国武器装备,其中包括潜水艇和战斗机。坦克已经是第三代的改进型主战坦克,以及新型主战武装直升机。总之,土耳其需要巴基斯坦这个军火出口地,而巴基斯坦也渴望获得更多渠道的先进武器。本论文在结构上分为四章和结语部分。第一章综述了本文的主题、理论框架、数据来源和本文的特点。第二章对邻国关系进行了历史回顾。自1947年独立以来,巴基斯坦与土耳其保持着密切关系。显然,两国都曾深受美国的影响。但是,土巴两国的地区问题也是他们的安全考虑。其中克什米尔与塞浦路斯就是两国相互支持的标志性事件。第三章分析了9/11后两国及时进行战略调整,很快结成战略伙伴关系。对此,本文运用结盟战略理论进行了分析。第四章分析了土巴两

关键词：巴土关系共享情报战略伙伴安全合作克-塞问题三方峰会

High-security multi-constellation shaping modulation with asymmetric encryption

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第4期22卷 14-19页

作者：姜蕾刘博任建新吴翔宇 rahat Ullah 毛雅亚陈帅东马一澜赵立龙田凤 Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876China Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology Nanjing 210044China

This Letter proposes a high-security modulation scheme for optical transmission *** using multi-constellation shaping and asymmetric encryption,the information security can be enhanced and quantum computer cracking can be effectively ***-dimensional(3D)carrier-less amplitude phase modulation is utilized to superposition and transmit 3D *** verification is conducted using a seven-core weakly coupled fiber *** results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can effectively protect the system from any illegal attacker.

关键词： multi-core transmission asymmetric encryption multi-constellation shaping

Renewable Energy: Prospects and Challenges in Bangladesh

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Energy and Power Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 43-78页

作者： Abul Fattah Mohammad Masum Rabbani Md. Masudur Rahman rahat Ahsan Habib Md. Nazrul Islam Bangladesh Police Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Chemistry University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

Among expert scientists and politicians, there is increasing agreement that it is absolutely necessary to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas (GHG) to lessen the severity of climate change. Although little, renewable energy sources currently reduce GHG that are being emitted from the energy industries. According to the majority of long-term energy estimates, renewable energy will be a substantial addition to the supply of energy worldwide by the end of this century, as capacity of renewable energy is gradually increasing in the early decades. However, developing nations like Bangladesh are largely reliant on pricey imported energy supplies (coal, gas, and oil) that lay a heavy weight on the country’s economy. Also, air pollution growing in importance as a national and international environmental issue. Regarding the development of clean and sustainable energy, renewable energy sources seem to be among the most practical and efficient alternatives, in both Bangladesh and globally. The geographic advantages of Bangladesh allow for widespread usage of the majority of such renewable energy sources. The comparative potential and use of fossil fuels against renewable energy sources globally and in Bangladesh is explored in this review.

关键词： Renewable Energy Solar and Photovoltaics Hydropower Wind Energy Geothermal

Global geoepidemiology of gastrointestinal surgery rates in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1835-1844页

作者： Simcha Weissman Muhammad Aziz Ayrton Bangolo Vignesh K Nagesh Htat Aung Midhun Mathew Lino Garcia Shiva A Chandar Praveena Karamthoti Harinder Bawa Aseel Alshimari Yabets Kejela Nazish Mehdi Chrishanti A Joseph Athri Kodali Rohan Kumar Priya Goyal Sanya Satheesha Fnu Nivedita Nicole Tesoro Tanni Sethi Gurpreet Singh Areej Belal Alina Intisar Hirra Khalid Samuel Cornwell Suchith B Suresh Kareem Ahmed Karabo K Marole Om P Anand rahat B Reshi Tej I Mehta Sameh Elias Joseph D Feuerstein Department of Medicine Hackensack Meridian Health Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Toledo Medical CenterToledoOH 43614United States Department of Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins University HospitalBaltimoreMD 21218United States Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States

BACKGROUND Data regarding the worldwide gastrointestinal surgery rates in patients with Crohn’s disease(CD)remains *** To systematically review the global variation in the rates of surgery in *** A comprehensive search analysis was performed using multiple electronic databases from inception through July 1,2020,to identify all full text,randomized controlled trials and cohort studies pertaining to gastrointestinal surgery rates in adult patients with *** included continent based demographic data,CD surgery rates over time,as well as the geoepidemiologic variation in CD surgery *** analyses were conducted using *** Twenty-three studies spanning four continents were *** median proportion of persons with CD who underwent gastrointestinal surgery in studies from North America,Europe,Asia,and Oceania were 30%(range:1.7%-62.0%),40%(range:0.6%-74.0%),17%(range:16.0%-43.0%),and 38%*** clear association was found regarding the proportion of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery over time in North America(R^(2)=0.035)and Europe(R^(2)=0.100).A moderate,negative association was seen regarding the proportion of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery over time(R^(2)=0.520)in *** There appears to be significant inter-continental variation regarding surgery rates in *** evidencebased guidelines accounting for the geographic differences in managing patients with CD is ***,as a paucity of data on surgery rates in CD exists outside the North American and European continents,future studies,particularly in less studied locales,are warranted.

关键词： Gastrointestinal surgery Crohn’s disease Geoepidemiology Inflammatory bowel disease Prevalence

Pharmacotherapeutics and molecular docking studies of alphasynuclein modulators as promising therapeutics for Parkinson’s disease

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BIOCELL 2022年第12期46卷 2681-2694页

作者： rahat ALI AFTAB ALAM SATYENDRA K.RAJPUT RAZI AHMAD Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology Jamia HamdardNew Delhi110062India Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi110025India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Gurukul Kangri UniversityUttarakhand249404India Department of Pharmacology HIMSR Jamia HamdardNew Delhi110062India

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is an age-related neurodegenerative ailment that affects dopamine-producing neurons in a specific area of the brain called the substantia nigra of the ventral *** is clinically characterized by movement disorder and marked with unusual synaptic protein alpha-synuclein accumulation in the *** date,only a few Food and Drug Administration(FDA)approved drugs are available on the market for the treatment of ***,these drugs show parasympathomimetic related adverse events and remarkably higher toxicity;hence,it is important to find more efficacious molecules to treat *** our study,We chosen 22 natural compounds as inhibitors that potentially block the alpha-synuclein clump-the pathological hallmark of PD-and provide new avenues for its *** of these molecules exhibited good pharmacokinetic behaviors,making them decisively favorable drug candidates to cure *** docking studies were performed to investigate the binding interactions between natural compounds and alpha-synuclein as anti-Parkinson drug *** the examined compounds,curcumin and piperine emerged as promising phytochemicals with the highest binding affinity,key residual stable bindings and showed a good inhibitory ***,the present study indicates that curcumin and piperine hold the potential to be developed as treatment options against *** validations are needed for insights into their mechanism of action and potential clinical application.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease(PD) Alpha-synuclein Molecular docking and dynamics Anti-Parkinson drug Curcumin Piperine

Modernity in tradition： Reflections on building design and technology in the Asian vernacular

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2015年第1期4卷 46-55页

作者： Mamun Rashid Dilshad rahat Ara Department of Architectural Engineering (AE) University of Shauah PO BOX 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Architectural Engineering (AE) United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) PO BOX 15551 AlAin United Arab Emirates

Vernacular buildings across the globe provide instructive examples of sustainable solutions to building problems. Yet, these solutions are assumed to be inapplicable to modern buildings. Despite some views to the contrary, there continues to be a tendency to consider innovative building technology as the hallmark of modern architecture because tradition is commonly viewed as the antonym of modernity. The problem is addressed by practical exercises and fieldwork studies in the application of vernacular traditions to current problems. This study investigates some aspects of mainstream modernist design solutions and concepts inherent in the vernacular of Asia, particularly that of the Chittagong Hill Tracts （CHT）. This work hinges on such ideas and practices as ecological design, modular and incremental design, standardization, and flexible and temporal concepts in the design of spaces. The blurred edges between the traditional and modern technical aspects of building design, as addressed by both vernacular builders and modern architects, are explored.

关键词： Building technotogy Tradition-modernity Innovation Vernaculararchitecture

Cloud authorization： exploring techniques and approach towards effective access control framework

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2015年第2期9卷 297-321页

作者： rahat MASOOD Muhammad Awais SHIBLI Yumna GHAZI Ayesha KANWAL Arshad ALI School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad - 44000 Pakistan

Despite the various attractive features that Cloud has to offer, the rate of Cloud migration is rather slow, pri- marily due to the serious security and privacy issues that exist in the paradigm. One of the main problems in this regard is that of authorization in the Cloud environment, which is the focus of our research. In this paper, we present a systematic analysis of the existing authorization solutions in Cloud and evaluate their effectiveness against well-established industrial standards that conform to the unique access control require- ments in the domain. Our analysis can benefit organizations by helping them decide the best authorization technique for deployment in Cloud; a case study along with simulation re- sults is also presented to illustrate the procedure of using our qualitative analysis for the selection of an appropriate tech- nique, as per Cloud consumer requirements. From the results of this evaluation, we derive the general shortcomings of the extant access control techniques that are keeping them from providing successful authorization and, therefore, widely adopted by the Cloud community. To that end, we enumer- ate the features an ideal access control mechanisms for the Cloud should have, and combine them to suggest the ultimate solution to this major security challenge - access control as a service （ACaaS） for the software as a service （SaaS） layer. We conclude that a meticulous research is needed to incorpo- rate the identified authorization features into a generic ACaaS framework that should be adequate for providing high level of extensibility and security by integrating multiple accesscontrol models.

关键词： authorization access control software as a ser-vice extensible access control markup language identity &access management cloud security

Multi-Channel NRZ/RZ-DPSK to CSRZ-DPSK Format Conversion Based on Nonlinear Polarization Rotation of SOA

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Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第10期34卷 34-38页

作者：毛雅亚吴重庆盛新志刘博 rahat Ullah 田凤 Institute of Optoelectronics Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology Key Lab of Luminescence and Optical Information Technology(Ministry of Education) School of Science Beijing Jiaotong University

We present an all-optical nonreturn-to-zero/return-to-zero （NRZ/RZ） to carrier-suppressed return-to-zero （CSRZ） format conversion scheme for differential phase-shift keying （DPSK） signals. The conversion is based on nonlinear polarization rotation of a semiconductor optical amplifier （SOA）. The 4-channel NRZ-DPSK or RZ-DPSK signals at 10 Gb/s are simultaneously converted to the corresponding CSRZ-DPSK signals, with -0.8 and 1.4 dB average power penalties, respectively. Additionally, high quality format conversion performances are shown with the optical spectra and eye diagrams.

关键词： Semiconductor optical amplifiers