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Cartilage Wear in Healthy and Osteoarthritis Joints

Open Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第2期13卷 55-61页

作者： Zenon Pawlak raghuvir pai Tribochemistry Consulting Salt Lake City USA Biotribology Laboratory University of Economy Bydgoszcz Poland Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India

This study is designed to determine whether the outermost layer of articular cartilage is deficient in Osteoarthritis (OA). Phospholipids present in healthy and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial fluid show significant differences in their concentration. While examining the surface properties of OA joints, we found that OA PLs molecules cannot support lubrication, and increased friction was observed. Our lubrication mechanism was based on a surface active phospholipids (SAPL) multibilayer which in OA condition was deactivated and removed from the cartilage surface under OA conditions. Cartilage wettability study clearly demonstrated a significant decrease in hydrophobicity, the contact angle, θ (theta), dropping from 103° from bovine healthy cartilage to 65° in surface partially depleted and 35.1° for completely depleted surface. These results are discussed in the context that surface active phospholipid (SAPL) and lubricin, each has specific roles in a lamellar-repulsive lubrication system. However, deactivated phospholipid molecules are major indicator of cartilage wear (model) introduced in this study.

关键词： Cartilage Surface Friction (Cartilage/Cartilage) Osteoarthritis (OA) Surface Active Phospholipids (SAPL)/or Surface Amorphous Layer (SAL) Deactivated Phospholipids Wear

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Steam as coolant and lubricant in turning of metal matrix composites

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2008年第9期9卷 1245-1250页

作者： Raviraj SHETTY raghuvir pai Vasanth KAMATH Shrikanth S.RAO Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyKarnatakaIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyKarnatakaIndia

Green cutting has become focus of attention in ecological and environmental protection. Steam is cheap, pollu-tion-free and eco-friendly, and then is a good and economical coolant and lubricant. Steam generator and steam feeding system were developed to generate and feed steam. Comparative experiments were carried out in cutting AA6061-15 vol.% SiC (25 μm particle size), with cubic boron nitride (CBN) insert KB-90 grade under the conditions of compressed air, oil water emulsion, steam as coolant and lubricant, and dry cutting, respectively. The experimental results show that, with steam as coolant and lu-bricant, gradual reduction in the cutting force, friction coefficient, surface roughness and cutting temperature values were observed. Further, there was reduction in built up edge formation. It is proved that use of water steam as coolant and lubricant is environ-mentally friendly.

关键词：机械制造建筑材料旋转角度推力摩擦技术

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Influence of postural changes on haemodynamics in internal carotid artery bifurcation aneurysm using numerical methods

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2022年第1期5卷 128-143页

作者： raghuvir pai Ballambat Mohammad Zuber Shah Mohammed Abdul Khader Anurag Ayachit Kamarul Arifin bin Ahmad Rajanikanth ao Vedula Sevagur Ganesh Kamath Ibrahim Lutfi Shuaib Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India Department of Radiology and Imaging Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitist Putra Malaysia43499 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Cardio-Vascular and Thoracic Surgery Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India Advanced Medical and Dental Institute Universiti Sains Malaysia13200 George TownMalaysia

Cerebral intracranial aneurysms are serious problems that can lead to stroke,coma,and even *** effect of blood flow on cerebral aneurysms and their relationship with rupture are *** addition,postural changes and their relevance to haemodynamics of blood flow are difficult to measure in vivo using clinical imaging *** simulations investigating the detailed haemodynamics in cerebral aneurysms have been developed in recent times not only to understand the progression and rupture but also for clinical evaluation and *** the present study,the haemodynamics of a patient-specific case of a large aneurysm on the left side internal carotid bifurcation(LICA)and no aneurysm on the right side internal carotid bifurcation(RICA)was *** simulation of these patient-specific models using fluid–structure interaction provides a valuable comparison of flow behavior between normal and aneurysm *** influences of postural changes were investigated during standing,sleeping,and head-down(HD)*** changes in flow were observed during the HD position and quit high arterial blood pressure in the internal carotid artery(ICA)aneurysm model was established when compared to the normal ICA *** velocity increased abruptly during the HD position by more than four times(LICA and RICA)and wall shear stress by four times(LICA)to ten times(RICA).The complex spiral flow and higher pressures prevailing within the dome increase the risk of aneurysm rupture.

关键词： Carotid aneurysm ANSYS fluid-structure interaction Altered gravity Haemodynamics

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