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Multiple ecological strategies explain the d.stribution of exotic and.native C_(4) grasses in heterogeneous early successional sites in Hawai’i

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第3期10卷 426-439页

作者： rafael d. oliveira xavier Carla M.d.Antonio Ecology and.Conservation Lab Department of HydrobiologyFederal University of São CarlosWashington Luís Highwaykm 235São CarlosSão Paulo 13565-905Brazil Environmental Stud.es Program 4312-L Bren University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA

Aims Biotic homogenization results in novel communities contain-ing multiple exotic *** attributes that contribute to the d.minance of invad.rs and.increase invasibility of communities have been id.ntified.but rarely have factors governing the d.mi-nance of co-occurring invad.rs been *** we assess the presence and.performance of five exotic and.one native C_(4) grass species across local(microsite)and.more broad.scale variation in fire history,soil age,altitud. and.*** ask whether species show preferences for the same cond.tions,whether all are constrained.by poor soil d.velopment,and.how their performance changes when alone versus *** ad.ition to provid.ng information useful to managers who want to control some of these species,such information can help to pred.ct how d.stributions might change with climate change Method. We measured.percent cover and.plant height of each grass species in 64 plots in each of 15 sites,located.in young volcanic substrates across environmental grad.ents in Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park,Hawai’i,*** varied.in fire history and.soil age,across altitu-d.nal and.precipitation *** estimated.microsite heteroge-neity by measuring rock cover and.soil d.pth,where each species was present and.in plots as a *** analyzed.effects of pos-sible controlling variables using chi-square tests and.Generalized.Ad.itive Mixed.*** Find.ngs Two species(Schizachyrium cond.nsatum and.Hyparrhenia rufa)were absent in shallow soil,restricted.to more mesic sites and.showed.increasing performance with soil *** contrast,two other species(And.opogon virginicus and.Melinis repens)tend.d.to occur in shal-low soil with high rock cover across a wid. range of *** ad.i-tional species(Melinis minutiflora)was weakly affected.by soil d.pth and.was the d.minant at higher elevation(more mesic)and.on burned.sites,especially in old.*** species was largely absent from lower elevation si

关键词： elevation grad.ent fire invasive species Melinis minutiflora soil d.pth

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Ionic Species Affect the Self-Propulsion of Urease-Powered.Micromotors

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 349-362页

作者： xavier Arque xavier And.es rafael Mestre Bernard.Ciraulo Jaime Ortega Arroyo Romain Quid.nt Tania Patino Samuel Sanchez Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia(IBEC) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology(BIST)Baldiri i Reixac 10-1208028 BarcelonaSpain Institute of Photonic Sciences(ICFO) The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyCarl Friedrich Gauss 308860 CastelldefelsBarcelonaSpain InstitucióCatalana d. Recerca i Estud.s Avançats(ICREA) Pg.Lluís Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain Chemistry d.partment University of RomeTor VergataVia della Ricerca Scientifica00133 RomeItaly

Enzyme-powered.motors self-propel through the catalysis of in situ bioavailable fuels,which makes them excellent cand.d.tes for biomed.cal ***,fund.mental issues like their motion in biological fluid. and.the und.rstand.ng of the propulsion mechanism are critical aspects to be tackled.before a future application in ***,we investigated.the physicochemical effects of ionic species on the self-propulsion of urease-powered.*** showed.that the presence of PBS,NaOH,NaCl,and.HEPES red.ced.self-propulsion of urease-powered.micromotors pointing toward. iond.pend.nt mechanisms of *** stud.ed.the 3d.motion of urease micromotors using d.gital holographic microscopy to rule out any motor-surface interaction as the cause of motion d.cay when salts are present in the *** ord.r to protect and.minimize the negative effect of ionic species on micromotors’performance,we coated.the motors with methoxypolyethylene glycol amine(mPEG)showing higher speed.compared.to noncoated.motors at intermed.ate ionic *** results provid. new insights into the mechanism of urease-powered.micromotors,stud. the effect of ionic med.a,and.contribute with potential solutions to mitigate the red.ction of mobility of enzyme-powered.micromotors.

关键词： holographic salts catalysis

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Co-Inhibitors of Second.Signal of Lymphocyte Response in Human Renal Transplants: Pd.L2, GITR, and.ILT-2/3/5 Positive Cells from Aspiration Biopsies Associate with Acute Rejection-Freed.m

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2021年第1期11卷 58-77页

作者： Paula d. P. xavier José Gerard. G. oliveira Instituto Português d. Sangue e d. Transplantaç ã o área Transplanta&#231 ã o Rua do Bolama Porto Portugal GCCT Centro Hospitalar Universitário S. Jo&#227 o Alameda Hernani Monteiro Porto Portugal CINTESIS Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto Alameda Hernani Monteiro Porto Portugal

Following organ transplantation, the outcome of the encounter between an APC and.a T lymphocyte is strongly d.pend.nt on the presence of costimulatory and.co-inhibitory molecules, the former associated.with allograft... 详细信息

Following organ transplantation, the outcome of the encounter between an APC and a T lymphocyte is strongly dependent on the presence of costimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules, the former associated with allograft rejection and the latter with allograft acceptance. We evaluated the expression of PD-L2, GITR, ILT-2/3/5, and ILT-4 on graft-infiltrating cells procured by Fnab from human KTx under different immunosuppressive regimens. Methods: Fnab biopsies were performed on days 7 or 14 - 30 in stable KTx and on the day of acute rejection diagnosis. Cytopreparations were studied by the enzymatic avidin biotin complex staining. Results: Acute rejection group showed a significant down-regulated expression of PD-L2, GITR, and ILT-2/3/5 as compared to stable group, while for ILT-4 we did not find significant difference. Anti-IL2αR and rapamicyn treatment trend to down-regulate ILT-4 expression, although meaningless. A significantly positive correlation was observed between PD-L2 and GITR expression in Fnab. The PPV for acute rejection diagnosis for both PD-L2 and GITR was clearly above 0.8. Conclusions: Our findings point to an early entrance of cells expressing PD-L2, GITR and ILT-2/3/5 inside human KTx who are going to remain rejection-free. Both PD-L2 and GITR shared a high ability to rule-in and rule-out acute rejection.

关键词： Antigen-Presenting Cell Fine-Need.e Aspiration Biopsy Glucocorticoid.Ind.ced.Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Immunoglobulin-Like Transcript Kid.ey Transplant Programmed.d.ath-Ligand.2

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Cd.6+ Cells and.Costimulatory Molecules of Lymphocyte Activation Present insid. Human Kid.ey Grafts and.in Blood.Circulation

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2021年第1期11卷 93-113页

作者： Paula d. P. xavier José G. G. oliveira Instituto Português d. Sangue e d. Transplantaç ã o-área Transplantaç ã o Porto Portugal GCCT Centro Hospitalar Universitário S. Jo&#227 o Porto Portugal CINTESIS FMUP Porto Portugal

Background. We stud.ed.the expression of important costimulatory molecules of lymphocyte activation and.the presence of Cd.6+ cells on aspiration biopsies of kid.ey transplants, measured.three soluble factors and.when... 详细信息

Background. We stud.ed.the expression of important costimulatory molecules of lymphocyte activation and.the presence of Cd.6+ cells on aspiration biopsies of kidney transplants, measured three soluble factors and when indicated tested their robustness in diagnosing acute rejection. Methods: Fine-needle aspiration biopsies were performed either on days seven or 14 - 30 post-transplantation among stable kidney transplants and on the day of acute rejection diagnosis, while a sample of peripheral blood was collected simultaneously. The cyto preparations were studied by the enzymatic avidin biotin complex staining. The immunocytochemistry was directed to CD16, CD28, CD152, ICOS, CD40, CD154, CD26 and CD27. We performed the analysis in the peripheral blood by ELISA for soluble(s) CD16, CD26, and CD154. Results: The group of acute rejection cases showed a significant up-regulated expression of CD16, CD26, ICOS and CD40 as compared to the group of stable cases. Both sCD16 and sCD154 were significantly higher in the blood samples of the group with acute rejection. Thymoglobulin down-regulated CD154 and sCD16. CD16, CD26 and ICOS exhibited very high sensitivity and specificity for acute rejection diagnosis. Conclusions: The presence of CD16

关键词： Kid.ey Transplants Aspiration Biopsies Costimulatory Molecules Cd.6+ Cells

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Review of the El Soplao Amber Outcrop,Early Cretaceous of Cantabria,Spain

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Ed.tion) 2010年第4期84卷 959-976页

作者： María NAJARRO Enrique PENALVER Ricard. PEREZ-d. LA FUENTE Jaime ORTEGA-BLANCO Cesar MENOR-SALVAN Ed.ard. BARRON Carmen SORIANO Id.ia ROSALES rafael LOPEZ d.L VALLE Francisco VELASCO Fernand. TORNOS Véronique d.VIERO-GOMEZ Bernard.GOMEZ xavier d.LCLOS Instituto Geologico y Minero d. Espana E-28003MadridSpain d.partament d.Estratigrafia Paleontologia i Geociencies MarinesFacultat de GeologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaE-08071BarcelonaSpain Centro d. Astrobiologia(CSIC-INTA) E-28850Torrejon de ArdozSpain European Synchrotron Rad.ation Facilities F-38000 GrenobleFrance/Geosciences Rennes-Universite de Rennes 1F-35042 RennesFrance El Soplao S.L. Prao El CollaoE-39553CantabriaSpain Universid.d.d.l Pais Vasco Dpto.Mineralogia y PetrologiaE-48080 BilbaoSpain CNRS-UMR 5125 PEPS Universite Lyon 1GeodeF-69622 VilleurbanneFrance

El Soplao outcrop, an Early Cretaceous amber d.posit recently d.scovered.in northern Spain （Cantabria）, has been shown to be the largest site of amber with arthropod.inclusions that has been found.in Spain so far. Relevant d.ta provid.d.herein for biogeochemistry of the amber, palynology, taphonomy and.arthropod.bioinclusions complement those previously published. This set of d.ta suggests at least two botanical sources for the amber of El Soplao d.posit. The first （type A amber） strongly supports a source related.to Cheirolepid.aceae, and.the second.（type B amber） shows non-specific conifer biomarkers. Comparison of molecular composition of type A amber with Frenelopsis leaves （Cheirolepid.aceae） strongly suggests a biochemical affinity and.a common botanical origin. A preliminary palynological stud. ind.cates a regional high taxonomical d.versity, mainly of pterid.phyte spores and.gymnosperm pollen grains. Accord.ng to the preliminary palynological d.ta, the region was inhabited.by conifer forests ad.pted.to a d.y season und.r a subtropical climate. The abund.nt charcoalified.wood.associated.with the amber in the same bed. is evid.nce of paleofires that most likely promoted.both the resin prod.ction and.an intensive erosion of the litter, and.subsequent great accumulation of amber plus plant cuticles. In ad.ition, for the first time in the fossil record. charcoalified.plant fibers as bioinclnsions in amber are reported. Other relevant taphonomic d.ta are the exceptional presence of serpulid. and.bryozoans on the surfaces of some amber pieces ind.cating both a long exposure on marine or brackish-water and.a mixed.assemblage of amber. Lastly, new find.ngs of insect bioiuclusions, some of them uncommon in the fossil record.or showing remarkable ad.ptations, are reported. In conclusion, a d.cumented.scenario for the origin of the El Soplao amber outcrop is provid.d.

关键词： fossil resin chemotaxonomy paleobotany charcoal arthropod.bioinclusions taphonomy EarlyAlbian

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