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Analysis of synchronization in a supermarket refrigeration system

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Control Theory and Technology 2014年第2期12卷 154-162页

作者： rafael WISNIEWSKI John LETH Jakob G. RASMUSSEN Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg University Eredrik Bajers Vej 7C 9220 Aalborg Denmark Department of Mathematical Sciences Aalborg University Fredrik Bajers Vej 7G 9220 Aalborg Denmark

In a supermarket refrigeration, the temperature in a display cases. This leads to a synchronous operation of all display cases, case, surprisingly, influences the temperature in other display in which the expansion valves in the display cases turn on and off at exactly the same time. This behavior increases both the energy consumption and the wear of components. Besides this practical importance, from the theoretical point of view, synchronization, likewise stability, Zeno phenomenon, and chaos, is an interesting dynamical phenomenon. The study of synchronization in the supermarket refrigeration systems is the subject matter of this work. For this purpose, we model it as a hybrid system, for which synchronization corresponds to a periodic trajectory. To examine whether it is stable, we transform the hybrid system to a single dynamical system defined on a torus. Consequently, we apply a Poincare map to determine whether this periodic trajectory is asymptotically stable. To illustrate, this procedure is applied for a refrigeration system with two display-cases.

关键词： Synchronization Hybrid systems Stability Limit cycles Stochastic approximation

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体育图形设计和品牌塑造的卓越之作(上)

艺术与设计 2024年第7期 66-99页

作者：拉斐尔·埃斯克冀靖轩无不详三度

蒙古国西南部的巴彦洪戈尔省,几乎是能想象到的最偏远之地。然而,就在这样一片仿佛被时间遗忘的角落的洞穴墙壁上,镌刻着一幅新石器时代的壁画,描绘了人类最原始的活动之一——体育竞技。画面上,两名摔手紧紧相拥,为围观的观众献上表演... 详细信息

蒙古国西南部的巴彦洪戈尔省,几乎是能想象到的最偏远之地。然而,就在这样一片仿佛被时间遗忘的角落的洞穴墙壁上,镌刻着一幅新石器时代的壁画,描绘了人类最原始的活动之一——体育竞技。画面上,两名摔手紧紧相拥,为围观的观众献上表演。它吸引人的地方在于,这也许是我们所知中,涉及观众参与体育赛事的“平面设计”领域里最为古老的例证。

关键词：观众参与平面设计图形设计体育竞技体育赛事品牌塑造蒙古国新石器时代

Optomechanical control of stacking patterns of h-BN bilayer

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Nano Research 2019年第10期12卷 2634-2639页

作者： Haowei Xu Jian Zhou Yifei Li rafael Jaramillo Ju Li Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

Few-layer two-dime nsion al(2D)materials usually have differe nt(meta)-stable stacking patterns,which have distinet electronic and optical *** spired by optical tweezers,we show that a laser with selected freque ncy can modify the gen eralized stacking-fault en ergy Iandscape of bilayer hexagonal boron nitride(BBN),by coupling to the slip-dependent dielectric ***,BBN can be reversibly and barrier-freely switched betwee n its stacking patter ns in a controllable *** simulate the dyn amics of the stacki ng transition with a simplified equati on of motion and dem on strate that it happe ns at picosec ond *** one layer of BBN has a nearly-free surface boundary condition,BBN can be locked in its metastable stacking modes for a long *** a fast,reversible and non-volatile transition makes BBN a potential media for data storage and optical phase mask.

关键词： phase change materials two-dimensional materials opto-mechanics density functional theory

Device performance and light characteristics stability of quantum-dot-based white-light-emitting diodes

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Nano Research 2018年第3期11卷 1575-1588页

作者： Bruno Clasen Hames Ivan Mora-Sero rafael S. Sanchez Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM) Universitat Jaume 1 12071 Castello Spain

Advances in image quality in recent decades have made it necessary to develop new technologies for producing displays to meet remarkably stricter standards. The display market is governed mainly by liquid crystal display and light-emitting diode （LED） technology; however, it suffers from limitations that can be overcome by developing the next generation of electroluminescent displays. The introduction of colloidal quantum dots （QDs） as down-converters has enabled the production of displays with extremely high color purity and gamut. Therefore, colloidal nanocrystals are excellent candidates for the preparation of electroluminescent devices, which represent a straightforward approach to the development of unprecedented high-quality displays. We synthesized light-emitting QDs covering the entire visible spectrum with high fluorescence quantum yields and color purity, and produced high-brightness single-color LEDs with external quantum efficiencies of 0.39%, 1.04%, 2.10%, and 1.30% for red-, orange-, green-, and blue-emitting dots, respectively. Additional136 white LEDs were prepared by mixing QDs; they showed color temperatures of 5,300 K and color rendering indices exceeding 80%. Very importantly, we exhaustively characterized the LED performance, including the response time, stability, and evolution of the light characteristics, thus providing crucial information toward the development of high-quality electroluminescent displays.

关键词： colloidal quantum dots quantum dotlight-emitting diodes white light-emitting diode(LED) displays electroluminescence LED stability

Buses retrofitting with diesel particle filters: Real-world fuel economy and roadworthiness test considerations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 273-286页

作者： rafael Fleischman Ran Amiel Jan Czerwinski ANDreas Mayer Leonid Tartakovsky Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of Technology Labs for IC-Engines & Exhaust Emission Control(AFHB) Berne University of Applied Sciences VERT Association TTM

Retrofitting older vehicles with diesel particulate filter（DPF） is a cost-effective measure to quickly and efficiently reduce particulate matter emissions. This study experimentally analyzes real-world performance of buses retrofitted with CRT DPFs. 18 in-use Euro III technology urban and intercity buses were investigated for a period of 12 months. The influence of the DPF and of the vehicle natural aging on buses fuel economy are analyzed and discussed. While the effect of natural deterioration is about 1.2%–1.3%, DPF contribution to fuel economy penalty is found to be 0.6% to 1.8%, depending on the bus type. DPF filtration efficiency is analyzed throughout the study and found to be in average 96% in the size range of 23–560 nm. Four different load and non-load engine operating modes are investigated on their appropriateness for roadworthiness tests. High idle is found to be the most suitable regime for PN diagnostics considering particle number filtration efficiency.

关键词： Diesel particle filter Ultrafine particles Diesel bus Fuel economy Vehicle natural aging Roadworthiness tests

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三轴试验中砂土刚度的统计和回归分析及应用

岩土力学 2022年第10期43卷 2873-2886页

作者： SHARAFUTDINOV rafael 施工研究中心Gersevanov地基与地下结构研究院(NIIOSP) 莫斯科俄罗斯

砂土的密度和应力状态对其刚度有很大的影响。计算岩土工程中许多硬化土体模型都是基于邓肯-张模型得出的,没有考虑到密度对砂土刚度的影响。而在极致密或松散的砂土的三轴压缩过程中,剪切应变的上升会引起密度的显著变化。为了评估粒... 详细信息

砂土的密度和应力状态对其刚度有很大的影响。计算岩土工程中许多硬化土体模型都是基于邓肯-张模型得出的,没有考虑到密度对砂土刚度的影响。而在极致密或松散的砂土的三轴压缩过程中,剪切应变的上升会引起密度的显著变化。为了评估粒径分布、密度及应力状态对砂土刚度的影响,使用统计和回归方法对来自莫斯科和明斯克的15个建筑工地的962个土壤样本的各向同性三轴试验数据进行分析。基于密度和应力状态参数的影响,提出了评估不同粒径砂土刚度的经验方程。对来自欧洲、印度和美国的冲积土和陆地土试验的比较分析表明,其砂土的刚度与莫斯科和明斯克的砂土在同一范围。所提出的方程可用于初步估计有限元法计算里的刚度参数,也可应用于岩土工程模型(允许考虑刚度的变化、水平和垂直分布)。此外,还提出了基于邓肯-张模型的半经验关系。当密度的变化影响土的刚度时,该半经验关系可为受到大变形和(或)复杂加载路径影响的松散和非常致密的砂土提供更为真实的结果。一般来说,岩土工程师可将获得的结果应用于更为复杂的土体模型设计中。

关键词：实验室测试变形有限元建模数值建模统计分析刚度应变

DNA-guided hepatitis B treatment,viral load is essential,but not sufficient

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第4期15卷 423-430页

作者： rafael Bárcena Marugán Silvia García Garzón Services of Liver-Gastroenterology Hospital Ramón y CajalUniversity of Alcalá Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario de GuadalajaraUniversity of Alcalá

Hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection is a global public health problem that concerns 350 million people worldwide. Individuals with chronic hepatitis B （CriB） are at increased risk of developing liver cirrhosis, hepatic de-compensation and hepatocellular carcinoma. To maintain undetectable viral load reduces chronic infection complications. There is no treatment that eradicates HBV infection. Current drugs are expensive, are associated with adverse events, and are of limited efficacy. Current guidelines try to standardize the clinical practice. Nevertheless, controversy remains about management of asymptomatic patients with CriB who are hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg）-positive with normal alanine aminotransferase, and what is the cut-off value of viral load to distinguish HBeAg- negative CriB patients and inactive carriers. We discuss in detail why DNA level alone is not sufficient to begin treatment of CriB.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Viral DNA Alaninetransaminase Antiviral drug Hepatitis B e antigen Antiviral drug resistance

Effects of Yerba Mate Consumption (Ilex paraguariensis) on Cardiac Remodeling in Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 827-845页

作者： Carlos Eduardo Brochini de Paiva Thaíssa Baptista Brochini de Paiva Isabelle Tiburcio Pecin Ferreira Sandra Cristina Genaro Danilo Silva Martins Santos Thaoan Bruno Mariano Robson Chacon Castoldi rafael Stuani Floriano Julia Amanda Rodrigues Fracasso Lucas Pires Guarnier Marina Politi Okoshi Francis Lopes Pacagnelli Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences Unoeste Presidente Prudente Brazil Faculty of Medicine Unoeste Presidente Prudente Brazil Department of Physiotherapy Unoeste Presidente Prudente Brazil Department of Nutrition Unoeste Presidente Prudente Brazil Postgraduate Program in Science and Movement Unesp Rio Claro Brazil Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion University of Northern Paran (UNOPAR) Londrina Brazil School of Dentistry So Paulo State University (UNESP) Araatuba Brazil Department of Genetics Ribeiro Preto Medical School University of So Paulo USP Ribeiro Preto Brazil Internal Medicine Department Botucatu Medical School So Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Brazil

This study investigated the effects of yerba mate consumption, a South American beverage, on cardiac remodeling in rats. For this purpose, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into Control Group (CG) which received filtered water and a standard diet, and Yerba Mate Group (YM), 6 g of Ilex paraguariensis in 100 ml water and the same diet, for 30 days. The YM group showed a reduction in final body weight and food consumption without altering weight gain. Regarding cardiac remodeling, the YM group exhibited a decrease in the right ventricle weight/final body weight ratio, suggesting cardiac atrophy, without affecting the atria and left ventricle. There was no change in cardiomyocyte area or nuclear fractal dimension in both groups. However, animals that consumed yerba mate showed increased collagen deposition and a smaller fractal dimension in the left ventricle. The consumption of yerba mate at room temperature for 30 days induced changes in cardiac remodeling, as evidenced by increased collagen deposition and alterations in fractal dimension in the left ventricle.

关键词： Tereré Ilex paraguariensis Yerba Mate Cardiac Remodeling Fractal Dimension Hypertrophy

Novel human immunomodulatory T cell receptors and their double-edged potential in autoimmunity,cardiovascular disease and cancer

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 919-935页

作者： Pilar Martin rafael Blanco-Dom fnguez Raquel Sanchez-Diaz Vascular Pathophysiology Area Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares(CNIC)MadridSpain CIBERCV MadridSpain

In the last decade,approaches based on T cells and their immunomodulatory receptors have emerged as a solid improvement in treatments for various types of ***,the roles of these molecules in the therapeutic context of autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases are still relatively ***,we review the best known and most com m only used immunomodulatory T cell receptors in clinical practice(PD-1 and CTLA-4),along with the rest of the receptors with known functions in animal models,which have great potential as modulators in human pathologies in the medium *** ong these other receptors is the receptor CD69,which has recently been described to be expressed in mouse and human T cells in autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases and ***,inhibition of these receptors individually or in combination by drugs or monoclonal antibodies generates a loss of immunological tolerance and can trigger multiple autoimmune disorders in different organs and immune-related adverse *** the coming decades,knowledge on the functions of different immunomodulatory receptors will be pivotal for the development of new and better therapies with less harmful side *** this review,we discuss the roles of these receptors in the control of immunity from a perspective focused on therapeutic potential in not only cancer but also autoimmune diseases,such as systemic lupus erythematosus,autoimmune diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis,and cardiovascular diseases,such as atherosclerosis,acute myocardial infarction,and myocarditis.

关键词： Immunomodulatory receptors Autoimmune diseases T cells Immunotherapy