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Heterogeneous catalysis under flow for the 21st century fine chemical industry

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Green energy & environment 2021年第2期6卷 161-166页

作者： Rosaria Ciriminna Mario Pagliaro rafael Luque Istituto per Io Studio dei Mate riali Nanostnuturati CNRwia U.La Malfa 15390146PulemoItaly Deparamento de Quimica Orginica Univeridad de CordobaCampus de RabonalesEdificio Marie Curie(C-3)Cra Nnal IV-Akm 396Cordoba14014Spain Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN Universiy) 6 Miklukho Maklaya St117198MoscowRussia

Due to metal leaching and poor catalyst stability, the chemical industry's fine chemical and pharmaceutical sectors have been historically reluctant to use supported transition metal catalysts to manufacture fine chemicals and active pharmaceutical ingredients. With the advent of new generation supported metal catalysts and flow chemistry, we argue in this study, this situation is poised to quickly change. Alongside heterogenized metal nanoparticles, both single-site molecular and single-atom catalyst will become ubiquitous. This study offers a critical outlook taking into account both technical and economic aspects.

关键词： Fine chemical Heterogeneous catalysis Single atom catalysis Green chemistry Chemical industry

PD-L1 expression associated with better response to eGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors

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cancer Biology & medicine 2015年第2期12卷 71-73页

作者： rafael Rosell Ramón Palmero Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation catalan Institute of Oncology Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital Campus Can Ruti Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell Quiron Dexeus University Hospital Pangaea Biotech Thoracic Oncology Unit Department of Medical Oncology Catalan Institute of Oncology L'Hospitalet

cancer evades host immune surveillance by using immune checkpoints,w hich are inhibitor y pathways cr ucial for maintaining *** cells express multiple inhibitory ligands,and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TIL)express ... 详细信息

关键词：酪氨酸激酶抑制剂 eGFR 细胞毒性T淋巴细胞宿主免疫肿瘤浸润 CTLA-4 程序性死亡抑制途径

On formalism and stability of switched systems

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Control Theory and Technology 2012年第2期10卷 176-183页

作者： John LeTH rafael WISNIeWSKI Department of electronic Systems Automation and ControlAalborg UniversityFredrik Bajers Vej 7 C9220 Aalborg EastDenmark

In this paper, we formulate a uniform mathematical framework for studying switched systems with piecewise linear partitioned state space and state dependent switching. Based on known results from the theory of differential inclusions, we devise a Lyapunov stability theorem suitable for this class of switched systems. With this, we prove a Lyapunov stability theorem for piecewise linear switched systems by means of a concrete class of Lyapunov functions. Contrary to existing results on the subject, the stability theorems in this paper include Filippov (or relaxed) solutions and allow infinite switching in finite time. Finally, we show that for a class of piecewise linear switched systems, the inertia of the system is not sufficient to determine its stability. A number of examples are provided to illustrate the concepts discussed in this paper.

关键词： Switched systems Differential inclusions Stability Inertia Quadratic forms

Altered histone retention and epigenetic modifications in the sperm of infertile men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 239-240页

作者： rafael Oliva Josep Luis Ballesca Genetics Unit Department of Physiological Sciences I University of Barcelona Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service and Andrology Unit Hospital Clinic 08036 Barcelona Spain

It is well know that the nuclei of spermatogenic cells experience one of the most extremely marked chromatin changes known in cells. At the end of spermatogenesis, the histones are removed in many species and the DNA ... 详细信息

关键词： sperm Genetics Altered histone

Timing of surgery in Crohn’s disease: A key issue in the management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第36期14卷 5532-5539页

作者： rafael Alós Joaquín Hinojosa Servicio de Cirugía General Unidad de Coloproctología Hospital de Sagunto Valencia Spain Unidad de Digestivo Servicio de Medicina Interna Hospital de Sagunto Valencia Spain

The timing of the decision for operation in Crohn’s disease is based on an evaluation of the several factors such as the failure of medical treatment, complications due to the Crohn’s disease or to the farmacological therapy, development of dysplasia or cancer and growth retardation. A complete evaluation of these factors should result in operation timed to the patient’s best advantage, achieving maximal relief of symptoms with improvement of quality of life. Given the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease and the different options for treatment, is difficult to systematize when the optimal moment for the surgery is arrived. A very important factor in the management of Crohn’s disease is the multidisciplinary approach and the patient preference should be a significant factor in determining the choice of therapy. The surgery should be considered such another option in the sequential treatment of Crohn’s disease. We have analyzed the factors that are involved in the decision taking of the surgical treatment regarding to the experience and the published literature. When did the medical therapy fail? when is the appropriate moment to operate on the patient? Or which complications of Crohn’s disease need a surgery? These are some of the questions we will try to answer.

关键词： Crohn's disease Surgical treatment medical therapy

Glycoprotein biomarkers for the detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第24期24卷 2537-2554页

作者： esther Llop Pedro e Guerrero AdriàDuran Sílvia Barrabés Anna Massaguer María JoséFerri Maite Albiol-Quer rafael de Llorens Rosa Peracaula Department of Biology Biochemistry and Molecular Biology UnitUniversity of GironaGirona 17003Spain Biomedical Research Institute of Girona(IdIBGi).Parc Hospitalari Martíi Julià-edifici M2 Salt 17190Spain Clinic Laboratory University Hospital Dr Josep TruetaGirona 17007Spain Department of Surgery Hepato-biliary and Pancreatic Surgery UnitUniversity Hospital Dr Josep TruetaGirona 17007Spain

Pancreatic cancer(Pa C) shows a clear tendency to increase in the next years and therefore represents an important health and social challenge. Currently, there is an important need to find biomarkers for PaC early detection because the existing ones are not useful for that purpose. Recent studies have indicated that there is a large window of time for PaC early detection, which opens the possibility to find early biomarkers that could greatly improve the dismal prognosis of this tumor. The present manuscript reviews the state of the art of the existing PaC biomarkers. It focuses on the anomalous glycosylation process and its role in PaC. Glycan structures of glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins are modified in tumors and these modifications can be detected in biological fluids of the cancer patients. Several studies have found serum glycoproteins with altered glycan chains in PaC patients, but they have not shown enough specificity for PaC. To find more specific cancer glycoproteins we propose to analyze the glycan moieties of a battery of glycoproteins that have been reported to increase in PaC tissues and that can also be found in serum. The combination of these new candidate glycoproteins with their aberrant glycosylation together with the existing biomarkers could result in a panel, which would expect to give better results as a new tool for early diagnosis of PaC and to monitor the disease.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Aberrant glycosylation Glycoproteins Biomarkers Diagnosis

Appropriate search techniques to estimate Weibull function parameters in a Pinus ***

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第6期32卷 2423-2435页

作者： Lais Almeida Araujo rafael menali Oliveira Mario Dobner Jr carolina Souza Jarochinskie Silva Lucas Rezende Gomide Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasLavrasMinas GeraisBrazil Department of Agriculture Biodiversity and ForestsFederal University of Santa CatarinaCuritibanosSanta CatarinaBrazil

The Weibull function,a continuous probability distribution,is widely used for diameter distribution modelling,in which parameter estimation performance is affected by stand attributes and fitting *** Weibull cumulative distribution function is nonlinear,and classical fitting methods may provide a not optimal *** the use of artificial intelligence by metaheuristics is reasonable for this optimisation ***,aimed and compared(1)the metaheuristics genetic algorithm and simulated annealing performance over the moment and percentile methods;(2)the hybrid strategy merging the metaheuristics tested and the percentile method and,(3)the metaheuristics fitness functions under basal area and density errors.A long-term experiment in a Pinus taeda stand subjected to crown thinning was *** to our findings,all methods have a similar performance,independent of the thinning regimes and *** pattern of the estimated parameters tends to be acceptable,as b increases over time and c increases after ***,our findings suggest that methods based on metaheuristics have a higher precision than classical methods for estimating Weibull *** to the classification test,the methods that involved simulated annealing stood *** hybrid method involving this metaheuristic also stood out,with accurate *** methods showed the poorest performance,and we therefore suggest the use of simulated annealing due to its faster processing time and high-quality solution.

关键词： Forest management Diameters distribution Weibull function Genetic algorithm Simulated annealing

Analysing the quality of Swiss National Forest Inventory measurements of woody species richness

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Forest ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 478-488页

作者： Berthold Traub rafael O.Wüest Scientific Service NFI Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLZürcherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland Spatial evolutionary ecology Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLZürcherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland

Background: Under ongoing climate and land-use change, biodiversity is continuously decreasing and monitoring biodiversity is becoming increasingly important. National Forest Inventory(NFI) programmes provide valuable timeseries data on biodiversity and thus contribute to assessments of the state and trends in biodiversity, as well as ecosystem functioning. Data quality in this context is of paramount relevance, particularly for ensuring a meaningful interpretation of changes. The Swiss NFI revisits about 8%–10% of its sample plots regularly in repeat surveys to supervise the quality of ***: We analysed the relevance of observer bias with equivalence tests, examined data quality objectives defined by the Swiss NFI instructors, and calculated the pseudo-turnover(PT) of species composition, that is, the percentage of species not observed by both teams. Three attributes of woody species richness from the latest Swiss NFI cycles(3 and 4) were analysed: occurrence of small tree and shrub species(1) on the sample plot and(2) at the forest edge, and(3) main shrub and trees species in the upper ***: We found equivalent results between regular and repeat surveys for all attributes. Data quality, however,was significantly below expectations in all cases, that is, as much as 20%–30% below the expected data quality limit of 70%–80%(proportion of observations that should not deviate from a predefined threshold). PT values were about 10%–20%, and the PT of two out of three attributes decreased significantly in NFI4. This type of uncertainty –typically caused by a mixture of overlooking and misidentifying species – should be considered carefully when interpreting change figures on species richness estimates from NFI ***: Our results provide important information on the data quality achieved in Swiss NFIs in terms of the reproducibility of the collected data. The three applied approaches proved to be effective for evaluating the quality of plot

关键词： Biodiversity Data quality equivalence test Forest inventory Monitoring Observer agreement Richness Pseudo-turnover

Immersed Boundary Approach to Biofilm Spread on Surfaces

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第1期31卷 257-292页

作者： Ana carpio rafael Gonzalez-Albaladejo Departamento de Matematica Aplicada Universidad Complutense28040 MadridSpain

We propose a computational model to study the growth and spread of bacterial biofilms on interfaces,as well as the action of antibiotics on *** membranes are represented by boundaries immersed in a fluid matrix and subject to interaction ***,division and death of bacterial cells follow dynamic energy budget rules,in response to variations in environmental concentrations of nutrients,toxicants and substances released by the *** this way,we create,destroy and enlarge boundaries,either spherical or *** forces represent details of the interaction between cells,and the interaction with the *** can investigate geometrical arrangements and the formation of porous *** simulations illustrate the evolution of top views and diametral slices of small biofilm seeds,as well as the action of *** show that cocktails of antibiotics targeting active and dormant cells can entirely eradicate a biofilm.

关键词： Hybrid multiscale models immersed boundary methods dynamic energy budget models bacterial biofilm antibiotic resistance