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Disaster Awareness and Preparedness Among Older Adults in Canada Regarding Floods, Wildfires, and Earthquakes

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 198-212页

作者： Evalyna Bogdan rachel Krueger Julie Wright Kyle Woods Shaieree Cottar School of Administrative Studies Disaster and Emergency Management ProgramYork UniversityTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada Department of Geography and Environmental management University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Partners for Action Faculty of EnvironmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Older adults are significantly impacted by natural hazards and disasters that are exacerbated by climate change. Understanding their awareness and preparedness is essential for enhancing disaster resilience. This study investigated the attitudes, actions, and recommendations of older adults regarding natural hazards that pose risks in their geographic area—specifically floods, wildfires, and/or earthquakes in Canada. methods for this study included survey and focus groups with older adults(n = 161 and n = 10, respectively) and other high-risk groups from across Canada, that are vulnerable to these natural hazards. The main findings from this study are that current awareness and preparedness among older adults is low, though stronger perceptions of risks are associated with risks specific to geographic locations where respondents live. Several barriers, such as hazard vulnerability misperceptions, cost-related reasons, and lack of hazard awareness have resulted in low awareness and preparedness among these populations. The two main recommendations arising from this research are:(1) improve awareness and preparedness with tailor-made emergency preparedness materials for older adults;and(2) adopt community-based approaches to disaster preparedness through existing community groups to strengthen social connections with a focus on locally specific hazards. The findings from this research can be applied to other hazards, including heatwaves and pandemics.

关键词： Canada Community-based disaster risk management Disaster awareness and preparedness Disaster resilience Natural hazards Older adults

Natural killer cells in pancreatic cancer stroma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第24期27卷 3483-3501页

作者： rachel Elizabeth Ann Fincham Francesca Romana Delvecchio michelle R Goulart Joe Poe Sheng Yeong Hemant m Kocher Barts Cancer Institute-CRUK Centre of Excellence Queen Mary University of LondonLondon EC1M 6BQUnited Kingdom Institute of molecular and Cellular Biology Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 138673Singapore Centre for Tumour Biology Barts Cancer Institute-CRUK Centre of ExcellenceQueen Mary University of LondonLondon EC1M 6BQUnited Kingdom

Pancreatic cancer remains one of medicine’s largest areas of unmet *** five-year survival rates of<8%,little improvement has been made in the last 50 *** presenting with advance stage disease,treatment options are **... 详细信息

Pancreatic cancer remains one of medicine’s largest areas of unmet *** five-year survival rates ofmprovement has been made in the last 50 *** presenting with advance stage disease,treatment options are *** date,surgery remains the only potentially curative option,however,with such late disease presentation,the majority of patients are ***,new therapeutic options and a greater understanding of the complex stromal interactions within the tumour microenvironment are sorely needed to revise the dismal outlook for pancreatic cancer *** killer(NK)cells are crucial effector units in cancer *** used as a prognostic biomarker in a range of malignancies,NK cells have received much attention as an attractive target for immunotherapies,both as cell therapy and as a pharmaceutical *** this interest,the role of NK cells in pancreatic cancer remains poorly ***,increasing evidence of the importance of NK cells in this dismal prognosis disease is beginning to come to ***,we review the role of NK cells in pancreatic cancer,examine the complex interactions of these crucial effector units within pancreatic cancer stroma and shed light on the increasingly attractive use of NK cells as therapy.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Natural killer cells Tumour microenvironment Pancreatic cancer stroma Stromal cells

Influence of geography and climate on patterns of cell size and body size in the lizard Anolis carolinensis

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第2期8卷 184-196页

作者： rachel m.GOODmAN Arthur C.ECHTERNACHT Jim C.HALL Lihan D.DENG Jessica N.WELCH Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and molecular Biology University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA

Geographic patterns in body size are often associated with latitude,elevation,or environmental and climatic *** study investigated patterns of body size and cell size of the green anole lizard,Anolis carolinensis,and potential associations with geography or climatic *** were sampled from 19 populations across the native range,and body size,red blood cell size and size and number of muscle cells were *** data from local weather stations and latitude and longitude were entered into model selection with Akaike’s information criterion to explain patterns in cell and body *** variables did not drive any major patterns in cell size or body size;rather,latitude and longitude were the best predictors of cell and body *** general,smaller body and cell sizes in Florida anoles drove geographic patterns in *** size in Florida may be attributable to�q�the�geological history of the peninsular state or�the�unique ecological factors in this area,including a recently introduced *** contrast to previous studies,we found that *** does not follow Bergmann’s rule when the influence of Florida is ***,the opposite pattern of larger lizards in southern populations is evident in the absence of Florida populations,and mirrors the general pattern in *** cell size was negatively related to latitude and red blood cell size showed no latitudinal trend outside of *** patterns in the sizes of the 2 cell types confirm the importance of examining multiple cell types when studying geographic variation in cell size.

关键词： Bergmann’s rule ecogeographic pattern latitude longitude reptile temperature

Analysis of residual crosslinking agent content in UV cross-linked poly(ethylene oxide) hydrogels for dermatological application by gas chromatography

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第5期6卷 307-312页

作者： rachel Shet Hui Wong mark Ashton Kalliopi Dodou Department of Pharmacy Health and Wellbeing Faculty of Applied Sciences University of Sunderland Science Complex

Acrylates have been widely used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical polymers. The quantitation of residual acrylate monomers is vital as they are strong irritants and allergens, but after polymerization, are relatively inert, causing no irritation and allergies. Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) hydrogels were prepared using pentaerythritol tetra-acrylate(PETRA) as UV crosslinking agent. A simple, accurate, and robust quantitation method was developed based on gas chromatographic techniques(GC), which is suitable for routine analysis of residual PETRA monomers in these hydrogels. Unreacted PETRA was initially identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–mS). The quantitation of analyte was performed and validated using gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector(GC–FID). A linear relationship was obtained over the range of 0.0002%–0.0450%(m/m) with a correlation coefficient(r2)greater than 0.99. The recovery( 4 90%), intra-day precision(%RSD o 0.67), inter-day precision(%RSD o2.5%), and robustness(%RSD o1.62%) of the method were within the acceptable values. The limit of detection(LOD) and limit of quantitation(LOQ) were 0.0001%(m/m) and 0.0002%(m/m), *** assay provides a simple and quick way of screening for residual acrylate monomer in hydrogels.

关键词： Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) Residual monomer HydrogelGas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–mS) Gas chromatography–flame ionization detection (GC–FID)

mHC class Ⅰ-independent activation of virtual memory CD8 T cells induced by chemotherapeutic agent-treated cancer cells

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 723-734页

作者： Xiaoguang Wang Brittany C.Waschke rachel A.Woolaver Samantha m.Y.Chen Zhangguo Chen Jing H.Wang Department of Immunology and microbiology University of ColoradoAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA

Cancer cells can evade immune recognition by losing major histocompatibility complex(mHC)class Ⅰ.Hence,mHC class Ⅰ-negative cancers represent the most challenging cancers to *** drugs not only directly kill tumors but also modulate the tumor immune microenvironment However,it remains unknown whether chemotherapy-treated cancer cells can activate CD8 T cells independent of tumor-derived mHC class Ⅰ and whether such mHC class Ⅰ-independent CD8 T-cell activation can be exploited for cancer ***,we showed that chemotherapy-treated cancer cells directly activated CD8 T cells in an mHC class Ⅰ-independent manner and that these activated CD8 T cells exhibit virtual memory(Vm)***,in vivo chemotherapeutic treatment preferentially increased tumor-infiltrating Vm CD8 T ***,mHC class Ⅰ-independent activation of CD8 T cells requires cell-cell contact and activation of the PI3K *** CD8 T cells contribute to a superior therapeutic effect on mHC class Ⅰ-deficient *** humanized mouse models or primary human CD8 T cells,we also demonstrated that chemotherapy-treated human lymphomas activated Vm CD8 T cells independent of tumor-derived mHC class Ⅰ.In conclusion,CD8 T cells can be directly activated in an mHC class Ⅰ-independent manner by chemotherapy-treated cancers,and these activated CD8 T cells may be exploited for developing new strategies to treat mHC class Ⅰ-deficient cancers.

关键词： DNA-damaging agents B-cell lymphomas virtual memory CD8 T cells cancer immunotherapy mHC classⅠ

Healthcare staff well-being and use of support services during COVID-19:a UK perspective

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General Psychiatry 2021年第3期34卷 143-153页

作者： Anika R Petrella Luke Hughes Lorna A Fern Lisa monaghan Benjamin Hannon Adam Waters rachel m Taylor Cancer Division University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Staff Psychological and Welfare Service University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Centre for Nurse Midwife and AHP Led Research(CNMAR)University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically increased demands on healthcare workers(HCWs)leaving them vulnerable to acute psychological distress,burnout and post-traumatic *** response,supportive services in a central London hospital mobilised mental health support specifically for *** This rapid evaluation assessed HCW psychological welfare during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and their use of supportive services made *** During the acute phase of COVID-19(April to may 2020)all staff working for the hospital were invited to complete an online survey assessing well-being(self-rated health,moral distress exposure,symptoms of burnout and psychological distress)and use of available supportive services(awareness of,use and perceived helpfulness).Associations among personal characteristics and psychological well-being were explored using correlations and linear *** A total of 1127 staff participated in the rapid *** average,psychological distress was high(mean(SD):22(7.57))regardless of role,with 84%of this sample scoring above the general population mean(14.5).Nearly half of the sample reported feeling emotionally drained and a profile emerged displaying higher levels of psychological distress and burnout in those who were younger and exposed to morally distressing situations,with this group also exhibiting greater support service *** levels of burnout were associated with increased psychological distress when controlling for personal *** this acute phase of the pandemic,majority of staff used at least one service and rated it as *** HCWs experienced high levels of psychological distress requiring continued support as the COVID-19 pandemic *** HCWs were aware of supportive services,uptake *** order to mitigate the risk of burnout and post-traumatic stress,long-term,effective strategies that facilitate staff accessing support are urgently required.

关键词： distress younger staff

Endophthalmitis secondary to globe penetration from hydrogel scleral buckle

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第3期7卷 585-586页

作者： Katrina A.mears rachel K.Sobel Erin m.Shriver Elliott H.Sohn Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of iowa Carver College of Medicine 200 Hawkins Drive Iowa City 52242 Iowa USA

Dear Sir,Iam Dr Katrina ***,from the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences,University of Iowa Carver College of medicine,200 Hawkins Drive,Iowa City,Iowa,USA.I wish to present a case of endophthalmitis secondary to globe penetration from a hydrogel scleral buckle which,to the best of our knowledge,is the first reported case

关键词： Endophthalmitis secondary to globe penetration from hydrogel scleral buckle Figure

Vascularized omental tissue transfer for the treatment of lymphedema:a review

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2023年第1期10卷 46-55页

作者： rachel Skladman William R.moritz Elijah J.Tenenbaum Joani m.Christensen Justin m.Sacks Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63108USA

Lymphedema is a debilitating disorder caused by impaired drainage of the lymphatic *** the Western world,lymphedema most often arises secondary to the treatment of *** with lymphedema experience progressive swelling,pain,numbness,and tingling,and decreased quality of *** with persistent symptoms may be subject to chronic *** advent of microsurgery has enabled clinicians to transplant donor lymph nodes and their blood supply from a healthy site to the affected area in a procedure known as vascularized lymph node transplant(VLNT).One donor region is the *** omental lymph node transfer(VOLT)has been shown to decrease limb volume,circumference,and subjective symptoms of *** immunologic properties of the omentum make it a particularly useful lymph node donor site for patients with lymphedemarelated *** omentum may be harvested laparoscopically,with robotic assistance,or through a small laparotomy *** this review,we describe the relevant anatomy and history of VOLT as well as operative *** risks,benefits,and relevant outcome studies will be *** applications of robotic surgery to VOLT will be addressed.

关键词： Lymphedema VOLT VLNT laparoscopy laparotomy gastroepiploic vessels cellulitis

Association of cardiovascular system medications with cognitive function and dementia in older adults living in nursing homes in Australia

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第6期14卷 407-415页

作者： Enwu Liu Suzanne m Dyer Lisa Kouladjian O'Donnell rachel milte Clare Bradley Stephanie L Harrison Emmanuel Gnanamanickam Craig Whitehead maria Crotty Department of Rehabilitation Aged and Extended Care Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences School of Health Sciences Flinders University Daw Park Australia NHmRC Cognitive Partnership Centre The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Kolling Institute of medical Research St Leonards NSW Australia and Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Institute for Choice University of South Australia GPO Box 2471 Adelaide SA Australia Infection & Immunity - Aboriginal Health SAHMRI PO Box 11060 Adelaide SA Australia

Objective To examine associations between cardiovascular system medication use with cognition function and diagnosis of dementia in older adults living in nursing homes in Australia. methods As part of a cross-sectional study of 17 Australian nursing homes examining quality of life and resource use, we examined the association between cognitive impairment and cardiovascular medication use （identified using the Anatomical Therapeutic Classification System） using general linear regression and logistic regression models. People who were receiving end of life care were excluded. Results Participants included 541 residents with a mean age of 85.5 years （± 8.5）, a mean Psychogeriatric Assessment Scale–Cognitive Impairment （PAS-Cog） score of 13.3 （± 7.7）, a prevalence of cardiovascular diseases of 44% and of hypertension of 47%. Sixty-four percent of participants had been diagnosed with dementia and 72% had received cardiovascular system medications within the previous 12 months. Regression models demonstrated the use of cardiovascular medications was associated with lower （better） PAS-Cog scores [Coefficient （β） = -3.7; 95% CI： -5.2 to -2.2; P 〈 0.0001] and a lower probability of a dementia diagnosis （OR = 0.44; 95% CI： 0.26 to 0.75, P = 0.0022）. Analysis by subgroups of medications showed cardiac therapy medications （C01）, beta blocking agents （C07）, and renin-angiotensin system agents （C09） were associated with lower PAS-Cog scores （better cognition） and lower dementia diagnosis probability. Conclusions This analysis has demonstrated an association between greater cardiovascular system medication use and better cognitive status among older adults living in nursing homes. In this population, there may be differential access to health care and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors. This association warrants further investigation in large cohort studies.

关键词： Cardiovascular agents Cognitive dysfunction Dementia Residential facilities