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Determinants of Sexual Activity among HIV-Infected Adolescents in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期14卷 921-936页

作者： Calixte Ida Penda rachel Fotso Yogue Nelly Noubi Kamgaing Sena Mouna Penda Loïc Boupda Francis Atéba Ndongo Christian Eyoum Ritha Mbono Betoko Grace Dalle Ngondi Patricia Epee Eboumbou Francisca Monebenimp Essome Henri Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon General Hospital of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon University Hospital Centre of Yaound Yaound Cameroon Mokolo Regional Hospital Annex Mokolo Cameroon University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Mother and Child Centre of the Chantal Biya Foundation in Yaound Yaound Cameroon Douala Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon District Hospital of Bonassama Douala Cameroon

Introduction: Adolescence is a period of transition to adulthood, including for HIV-infected adolescents (HIA), when sexual problems emerge. Few studies have been carried out on the sexuality of HIA. This study aimed to assess the sexual behavior of HIV-infected adolescents in Cameroon. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three hospitals in the cities of Yaoundé and Douala, from November 2019 to June 2020. All HIA aged 13 to 19 years followed in the study who knew their HIV status were included in the study after obtaining their assent and their parent’s consent. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected, as well as sexual practices and the determinants of their sexual activity. A multivariate analysis was performed to explore the relationship between the different variables studied and the sexual activity of these adolescents. Results: Of 204 HIA enrolled in the study, 64 (31.7%) were sexually active, the mean age at first sexual intercourse was 15.6 ± 2.8 years and the sex ratio was 0.94. Of the adolescents in the study, 75.7% of girls and 61.2% of boys had regular sexual activity, while 21.3% of girls and 35.4% of boys had multiple sexual relationships in the six months preceding the study. Nearly 16 (25.0%) of the sexually active HIA had more than 2 sexual encounters per month, 6 (9.3%) of these encounters had been paid for and 9 (27.2%) of the girls had already had at least one pregnancy. More than 7 out of 10 HIA (79.6%) had used a condom the last time they had sex. Age less than 18 years [OR = 11.1 (95% CI: 3.1 - 39.4), p = 0.001], lack of remuneration [OR = 9.8 (95% CI: 2.0 - 47.4), p = 0.001] and self-care were significantly associated with sexual activity in HIA, while school attendance was a protective factor. Self-funded HIAs were 21 times more likely to be sexually active [OR = 21.6 (95% CI: 2.3 - 179), p = 0.004]. Conclusion: More than a third of HIV-infected adolescents were sexually active and risky sexual practi

关键词： HIV Adolescent Sexual Behavior Cameroon

Denosumab in bone-metastatic prostate cancer： known effects on skeletal＇related events but unknown effects on quality of life

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第4期13卷 612-613页

作者： oliver Sartor Departments of Medicine and Urology Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans LA USA

The purpose of new pharmaceuticals is to improve how patients feel, function or survive. Exceptions exist when surrogates are developed and we know that those surrogates correlate well with one of the above. Hypercholesterolemia is a well-accepted example. We know that high cholesterol is a reasonable indicator that results in increased risk of strokes and heart attacks. Thus, we treat hypercholesterolemia in hopes that our patients＇ health will improve.

关键词： Biological sciences Neuroscience

ON THE EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS TO A BI-PLANAR MONGE-AMPèRE EQUATION

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2020年第2期40卷 379-388页

作者： Ibrokhimbek AKRAMOV Marcel oliver Institut für Angewandte Analysis Universitat Ulm89069 UlmGermany School of Engineering and Science Jacobs University28759 BremenGermany

In this article,we consider a fully nonlinear partial differential equation which can be expressed as a sum of two Monge-Ampere operators acting in different two-dimensional coordinate *** equation is elliptic,for example,in the class of convex *** show that the notion of Monge-Ampere measures and Aleksandrov generalized solutions extends to this equation,subject to a weaker notion of convexity which we call bi-planar *** the equation is also elliptic in the class of bi-planar convex functions,the contrary is not necessarily *** is a substantial difference compared to the classical Monge-Ampere equation where ellipticity and convexity *** provide explicit counter-examples:classical solutions to the bi-planar equation that satisfy the ellipticity condition but are not generalized solutions in the sense *** conclude that the concept of generalized solutions based on convexity arguments is not a natural setting for the bi-planar equation.

关键词： Fully nonlinear elliptic equations generalized solution bi-planar convexity

Consistency of MGEX Orbit and Clock Products

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Engineering 2020年第8期6卷 898-903页

作者： Peter Steigenberger oliver Montenbruck German Aerospace Center German Space Operations CenterWeßling 82234Germany

The analysis centers of the Multi-GNSS Pilot Project of the International GNSS Service provide orbit and clock products for the global navigation satellite systems(GNSSs)Global Positioning System(GPS),GLONASS,Galileo,and BeiDou,as well as for the Japanese regional Quasi-Zenith Satellite System(QZSS).Due to improved solar radiation pressure modeling and other more sophisticated models,the consistency of these products has improved in recent *** current orbit consistency between different analysis centers is on the level of a few centimeters for GPS,around one decimeter for GLONASS and Galileo,a few decimeters for BeiDou-2,and several decimeters for *** clock consistency is about 2 cm for GPS,5 cm for GLONASS and Galileo,and 10 cm for *** terms of carrier phase modeling error for precise point positioning,the various products exhibit consistencies of 2–3 cm for GPS,6–14 cm for GLONASS,3–10 cm for Galileo,and 10–17 cm for BeiDou-2.

关键词： Global navigation satellite system International GNSS Service Multi-GNSS Pilot Project Precise orbit determination Satellite clock parameters

On the effects of spatial resolution on effective distance measurement in digital landscapes

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 659-677页

作者： rachel Mundeli Murekatete Takeshi Shirabe KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Architecture and the Built EnvironmentTeknikringen 10A11428 StockholmSweden University of Rwanda College of Science and TechnologyCentre for Geographic Information Systems and Remote SensingKN 67 Street NyarugengeKigaliRwanda

Background:Connectivity is an important landscape attribute in ecological studies and conservation practices and is often expressed in terms of effective *** the cost of movement of an organism over a landscape is effectively represented by a raster surface,effective distances can be equated with the cost-weighted distance of least-cost *** is generally recognized that this measure is sensitive to the grid’s cell size,but little is known if it is always sensitive in the same way and to the same degree and if not,what makes it more(or less)*** conducted computational experiments with both synthetic and real landscape data,in which we generated and analyzed large samples of effective distances measured on cost surfaces of varying cell sizes derived from those *** particular focus was on the statistical behavior of the ratio—referred to as‘accuracy indicator’—of the effective distance measured on a lower-resolution cost surface to that measured on a higher-resolution cost ***:In the experiment with synthetic cost surfaces,the sample values of the accuracy indicator were generally clustered around 1,but slightly greater with the absence of linear sequences(or barriers)of high-cost or inadmissible cells and smaller with the presence of such *** latter tendency was more dominant,and both tendencies became more pronounced as the difference between the spatial resolutions of the associated cost surfaces *** two real satellite images(of different resolutions with fairly large discrepancies)were used as the basis of cost estimation,the variation of the accuracy indicator was found to be substantially large in the vicinity(1500 m)of the source but decreases quickly with an increase in distance from ***:Effective distances measured on lower-resolution cost surfaces are generally highly correlated with—and useful predictors of—effective distances measured on higher-resolution cost *** relationship t

关键词： Landscape connectivity Effective distance Raster-based least-cost path model Accuracy Spatial resolution

Entangled-photons generation with quantum dots

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第2期27卷 140-153页

作者：李远丁飞 oliver G Schmidt Institute for Integrative Nanosciences IFW Dresden HelmholtzstraBe 20. 01069 Dresden. Germany Integrative for Solid State Physics. Leibniz University of Hunnover. AppelstBe 2.30 167 Hannovel Germany

Entanglement between particles is a crucial resource in quantum information processing, an important example of which is the exploitation of entangled photons in quantum communication protocols. Among the different available sources of entangled photons, semiconductor quantum dots （QDs） excel owing to their deterministic emission properties, potential for electrical injections, and direct compatibility with semiconductor manufacturing techniques. Despite the great promises, QD-based sources at＇e far from being ideal. In particular, such sources present several critical issues, which require the overcoming of challenges pertaining to spectral tunability, entanglement fidelity, photon indistinguishability and brightness. In this article, we will discuss the potential solutions to these problems and review the recent progress in the field.

关键词： quantum information entangled-photon source quantum dots

Stem cell injection for complex anal fistula in Crohn’s disease: A single-center experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第24期27卷 3643-3653页

作者： oliver Schwandner Department of Proctology Krankenhaus Barmherzige BruederRegensburg 93049Germany

BACKGROUND Despite tremendous progress in medical therapy and optimization of surgical strategies,considerable failure rates after surgery for complex anal fistula in Crohn’s disease have been ***,stem cell therapy for the treatment of complex perianal fistula can be an innovative option with potential long-term *** To evaluate the results of local administration of allogenic,adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(darvadstrocel)for complex anal Crohn’s *** All patients with complex anal fistulas associated with Crohn’s disease who were amenable for definite fistula closure within a defined observation period were potential candidates for stem cell injection(darvadstrocel)if at least one conventional or surgical attempt to close the fistula had *** was only indicated in patients without active Crohn’s disease and without presence of anorectal *** injection of darvadstrocel was performed as a standardized procedure under general anesthesia including single-shot antibiotic prophylaxis,removal of seton drainage,fistula curettage,closure of the internal openings and local stem cell *** collection focusing on healing rates,occurrence of abscess and follow-up was performed on a regular basis of quality control and patient *** were retrospectively *** Between July 2018 and January 2021,12 patients(6 females,6 males)with a mean age of 42.5(range:26-61)years underwent stem cell *** patients had a minimum of one complex fistula,including patients with two complex fistulas in 58.3%(7/12).Two of the 12 patients had horse-shoe fistula and 3 had one complex *** to Parks classification,the majority of fistulas were transsphincteric(76%)or suprasphincteric(14%).All patients underwent removal of seton,fistula curettage,transanal closure of internal opening by suture(11/12)or mucosal flap(1/12)and stem cell *** a mean follow-up of 14.3(range:3-30)mo,a healing rate

关键词： Complex anal fistula Crohn’s disease Stem cell therapy Mesenchymal stem cells Darvadstrocel Treatment Surgery Outcomes

Detection and Localization of Load Redistribution Attacks on Large-scale Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 361-370页

作者： Andrea Pinceti Lalitha Sankar oliver Kosut the School of Electrical Computer and Energy EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeUSA

A nearest-neighbor-based detector against load redistribution attacks is *** detector is designed to scale from small-scale to very large-scale systems while guaranteeing consistent detection *** testing is performed on a realistic large-scale system to evaluate the perfor-mance of the proposed detector against a wide range of attacks,from simple random noise attacks to sophisticated load redistribution *** detection capability is analyzed against different attack parameters to evaluate its sensitivity.A statistical test that leverages the proposed detector is introduced to identify which loads are likely to have been maliciously modified,thus,localizing the attack *** test is based on ascribing to each load a risk measure(probability of being attacked)and then computing the best posterior likelihood that minimizes log-loss.

关键词： Attack detection cyber-security false data injection(FDI)attack load redistribution attack machine learning nearest neighbor

Pharmacological inhibition of cation-chloride cotransporters for neurological diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第12期10卷 1924-1925页

作者： rachel Nepomuceno Dandan Sun Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System Geriatric ResearchEducational and Clinical Center

γ-Aminobutyric acid（GABA）is a major neurotransmitter and plays important roles in both the developing and mature central nervous system（CNS）.One way that GABA can act is by binding to fast,ionotropic GABAA recept... 详细信息

关键词： Cl Pharmacological inhibition of cation-chloride cotransporters for neurological diseases GABAA