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Health Care Science 2024年第2期3卷 88-100页

作者： Kshitij tripathi Department of Computer Applications The Maharaja SayajiRao University of BarodaVadodaraGujaratIndia

Introduction: Data clustering is an important field of machine learningthat has applicability in wide areas, like, business analysis, manufacturing,energy, healthcare, traveling, and logistics. A variety of clusteringapplications have already been developed. Data clustering approachesbased on self-organizing map (SOM) generally use the map dimensions (ofthe grid) ranging from 2 × 2 to 8 × 8 (4–64 neurons [microclusters])without any explicit reason for using the particular dimension, andtherefore optimized results are not obtained. These algorithms use somesecondary approaches to map these microclusters into the lowerdimension (actual number of clusters), like, 2, 3, or 4, as the case maybe, based on the optimum number of clusters in the specific data set. Thesecondary approach, observed in most of the works, is not SOM and is analgorithm, like, cut tree or the ***: In this work, the proposed approach will give an idea of how toselect the most optimal higher dimension of SOM for the given data set,and this dimension is again clustered into the lower actual *** and secondary, both utilize the SOM to cluster the data anddiscover that the weight matrix of the SOM is very meaningful. Theoptimized two-dimensional configuration of SOM is not the same forevery data set, and this work also tries to discover this ***: The adjusted randomized index obtained on the Iris, Wine,Wisconsin diagnostic breast cancer, New Thyroid, Seeds, A1, Imbalance,Dermatology, Ecoli, and Ionosphere is, respectively, 0.7173, 0.9134,0.7543, 0.8041, 0.7781, 0.8907, 0.8755, 0.7543, 0.5013, and 0.1728, whichoutperforms all other results available on the web and when no reductionof attributes is done in this ***: It is found that SOM is superior to or on par with otherclustering approaches, like, k-means or the other, and could be usedsuccessfully to cluster all types of data sets. Ten benchmark data sets fromdiverse domains like medical, biological

关键词： artificial neural network clustering self-organizing map

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One-pot synthesis of silver nanocomposites from Achyranthes aspera:An eco-friendly larvicide against Aedes aegypti L.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第2期10卷 54-64页

作者： Aarti Sharma Pushplata tripathi Sarita Kumar Department of Life Sciences(SOS) Indira Gandhi National Open UniversityMaidan GarhiNew Delhi 110068India Department of Zoology Acharya Narendra Dev CollegeUniversity of DelhiKalkaJiNew Delhi 110019India

Objective:To formulate silver nanocomposites from Achyranthes aspera leaf extracts and evaluate its larvicidal activity against Aedes ***:The silver nanocomposites were synthesized from Achyranthes aspera leaf *** process was optimized and traced through UV-visible and photon correlation *** larvicidal potential of silver nanocomposites of Achyranthes aspera leaf extracts was assessed against the early fourth instars of Aedes aegypti and three non-target ***,the most effective and eco-safe nanocomposite was characterized by different biophysical techniques including scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray(EDX)spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XrD)and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy(FT-Ir).results:The formulated silver nanocomposites exhibited efficient larvicidal efficacy against Aedes *** with silver nanocomposites formulated using different Ag NO3 concentrations(3,4,and 5 m M)revealed respective LC50 values of 37.570,6.262 and 1.041μg/m L;5.819,1.412 and 0.489μg/m L;and 5.519,1.302 and 0.267μg/m L after 24,48 and 72 *** silver nanocomposites with 4 m M Ag NO3 were selected for *** and TEM analysis revealed spherical,poly-dispersed structure with varied diameters of 1-25 *** XrD analysis established the crystalline and face-centred-cubic structure of silver nanocomposites with the maximum peak at a 2θvalue of 37.42°.The EDX pattern showed the presence of Ag,O and C in the nanocomposites in their order of weight%.The FT-Ir displayed visibly distinct peaks in different ranges demonstrating the intricacy of silver *** addition,the lethal concentrations of silver nanocomposites of Achyranthes aspera leaf extracts against Aedes aegypti larvae were non-toxic to non-target organisms including Gambusia affinis,Daphnia magna and Moina ***:Silver nanocomposites synthesized with leaf extract of Achy

关键词： Achyranthes aspera Aedes aegypti Larvicidal Silver nanocomposites SEM-TEM EDX XrD FT-Ir

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Prospects for 3D bioprinting of organoids

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2021年第3期4卷 627-640页

作者： Preety rawal Dinesh M.tripathi Seeram ramakrishna Savneet Kaur Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences(ILBS)D1Vasant KunjNew Delhi 110070India School of Biotechnology Gautam Buddha UniversityGreater NoidaIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Three-dimensional(3D)organoids derived from pluripotent or adult tissue stem cells seem to possess excellent potential for studying development and disease mechanisms alongside having a myriad of applications in regenerative ***,lack of precise architectures and large-scale tissue sizes are some of the key limitations of current organoid technologies.3D bioprinting of organoids has recently emerged to address some of these *** this review,we discuss 3D bioprinting with respect to the use of bioinks and bioprinting methods and highlight recent studies that have shown success in bioprinting of stem cells and *** also summarize the use of several vascularization strategies for the bioprinted organoids,that are critical for a complex tissue *** fully realize the translational applications of organoids in disease modeling and regenerative medicine,these areas in 3D bioprinting need to be appropriately harnessed and channelized.

关键词： Three-dimensional bioprinting Bioink Organoid Microfluidics Extracellular matrix(ECM) Biomaterial

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Comprehensive studies on dielectric properties of p-methoxy benzylidene p-decyl aniline with function of temperature and frequency in planar geometry: A potential nematic liquid crystal for display devices

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第6期30卷 329-333页

作者： Pankaj Kumar.tripathi Kunwar Vikram Mithlesh Tiwari Ajay Shriram Department of Physics Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwara-144411PunjabIndia Department of Allied Science Graphic Era(Deemed to be university)Dehradun-248002 India Department of Physics and Electronics Dr.Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh UniversityAyodhya-224001U.P.India School of Computer Science&Information Technology Jain(Deemed-to-be-University)Bengaluru-560069KarnatakaIndia

The dielectric properties of the nematic mesophase, p-methoxy benzylidene p-decyl aniline(MBDA), measured in planar geometry with a function of frequency and temperature are investigated in detail. The complex dielectric permittivity(ε' and ε'') is also studied at a bias voltage of 10 V for planar aligned sample cell of nematic mesophase. The dielectric permittivity with bias voltage attains a higher(> 2 times) value than that without bias voltage at a temperature of 56℃,which is due to the fact that the linking group of nematic molecules is internally interacted with an applied bias *** is supported by observing an enhanced dielectric permittivity of nematic liquid crystal(LC) in the presence of bias voltage, which can be fully explained as the increasing of the corresponding dipole moment. The dielectric relaxation behaviors of nematic LC are also demonstrated for planar aligned sample cell. The remarkable results are observed that the relaxation frequency shifts into low frequency region with the increase of the bias voltage applied to the planar aligned sample cells. The dielectric relaxation spectra are fitted by Cole–Cole nonlinear curve fitting for nematic mesophase in order to determine the dielectric strength.

关键词： dielectric permittivity dielectric loss relaxation frequency nematic mesogen

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^(57)Fe M?ssbauer spectroscopy study of organic rich sediments(source rocks) from test well CT-1, Chinnewala structure of Jaisalmer basin,India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第5期7卷 793-798页

作者： r.P.tripathi Beena Bhatia r.Sharma K.r.Patel S.S.Meena Girish Ganwani S.C.Mathur Department of Physics Jai Narain Vyas University Jodhpur 342 005 India Department of Geology Jai Narain Vyas University Jodhpur 342 005 India

^57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopic study was carried out on the organic rich sedimentary samples collected at different depth intervals from newly drilled test well Chinnewala Tibba-1（CT-1） located in Jaisalmer Petroliferous basin India. It is found that iron is mainly distributed in high spin Fe^3＋and Fe^2＋ state in clay minerals. The plot of Fe^2＋/（Fe^2＋＋ Fe^3＋） indicates the presence of poor redox conditions in the *** obtained are also compared with those already reported in the literature. This comparison shows that there may exist a correlation between prospecting of the basin, the redox environment in sediments and the nature of iron bearing minerals distributed in the sedimentary sequence.

关键词： Jaisalmer petroliferous basin Chinnewala Tibba structure ^57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopic study Source rocks Hydrocarbon prospecting

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Spectrum handoff scheme with multiple attributes decision making for optimal network selection in cognitive radio networks

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Digital Communications and Networks 2017年第3期3卷 164-175页

作者： Krishan Kumar Arun Prakash rajeev tripathi Department oJ:Electronics and Communication Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad 211004 India Electronics and Communication Engineering Department National Institute of Technology Hamirpur 177005 India Director Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad 211004 India

It is envisaged that in future Cognitive radio （Cr） networks deployment, multiple radio access networks may coexist. The networks may have different characteristics in terms of multiple attributes. Crs will have choices of selecting the optimal network out of the available networks. Optimal network selection is a challenging task that can be performed by spectrum handoff with Multiple Attribute Decision Making （MADM）. The spectrum handoff decision with MADM provides wider and optimal choice with quality of service. This motivates the development of a spectrum handoff scheme with MADM methods such as simple additive weighting, a technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution, a grey relational analysis and a cost function based method, which is the objective of this study. The Cr preferences are based on voice, video and data services, called triple play services. The numerical results show that all MADM methods are effective for selecting the optimal network for spectrum handoff with a reduced complexity for the spectrum handoff decision. The paper shows that the proposed spectrum handoff scheme can be effectively implemented to select the optimal network according to triple play services in Cr networks.

关键词： Spectrum handoff Cognitive radio SAW TOPSIS GrA Cost function

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Unsteady peristaltic transport of Maxwell fluid through finite length tube:application to oesophageal swallowing

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2012年第1期33卷 15-24页

作者： S. K. PANDEY D. tripathi Department of Applied Mathematics Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Ropar

This paper analytically investigates the unsteady peristaltic transport of the Maxwell fluid in a finite tube. The walls of the tube are subjected to the contraction waves that do not cross the stationary boundaries. The analysis is carried out by a long wavelength approximation in the non-dimensional form. The expressions for the axial and radial velocities are derived. The pressures across the wavelength and the tubelength are also estimated. The reflux phenomenon is discussed, which culminates into the determination of the reflux limit. Mathematical formulations are physically interpreted for the flow of masticated food materials such as bread and white eggs in the oesophagus. It is revealed that the Maxwell fluids are favorable to flow in the oesophagus as compared with the Newtonian fluids. This endorses the experimental finding of Takahashi et al. （Takahashi, T., Ogoshi, H., Miyamoto, K., and Yao, M. L. Viscoelastic properties of commercial plain yoghurts and trial foods for swallowing disorders. rheology, 27, 169- 172 （1999））. It is further revealed that the relaxation time does not affect the shear stress and the reflux limit. It is found that the pressure peaks are identical in the integral case while different in the non-integral case.

关键词： peristaltic transport Maxwell fluid oesophagus axisymmetric flow reflux

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Near real-time characterisation of urban environments: a holistic approach for monitoring dengue fever risk areas

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第11期7卷 916-934页

作者： Muhammad Shahzad Sarfraz Nitin Kumar.tripathi Asanobu Kitamoto Department of Computer Science COMSATS Institute of Information Technology(CIIT)AbbottabadPakistan remote Sensing and GIS Asian Institute of Technology(AIT)BangkokThailand Digital Content and Media Sciences research Division National Institute of Informatics(NII)TokyoJapan

Despite frequent use of digital devices in everyday life,cost-effective measurement of public health issues in urban areas is still *** study was,therefore,planned to extract land-use types using object-based and spatial metric approaches to explore the dengue incidence in relation to the surrounding environment in near real-time using Google and Advanced Land Observation Satellite *** characterised image showed useful classification of an urban areawith 77%accuracy and 0.68 *** analysis on public health data indicated that most of the dengue cases were found in densely populated areas surrounded by dense *** living in independent houses having sparsely vegetated surroundings were found to be less *** incidence was more prevalent in people of 5-24 years of age(67%);while in terms of occupation,mostly students,the unemployed,labourers and farmers(88%)were *** general,males were affected slightly more(10%)than *** analyses indicated that most of the dengue cases were around institutions(40%),religious places(18%)and markets(15%).Thus,usage of Digital Earth scalable tools for monitoring health issues would open new ways for maintaining a healthy and sustainable society in the years ahead.

关键词： dengue fever land-use land-cover monitoring dengue risk urban environment object-based classification

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Smoking under hypoxic conditions: a potent environmental risk factor for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases

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Military Medical research 2018年第3期5卷 263-278页

作者： Md.Saddam Hussain Vishwas tripathi School of Biotechnology Gautam Buddha University

Autoimmune disease management presents a significant challenge to medical science. Environmental factors potentially increase the risk of developing inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus. Among various environmental stresses, cigarette smoke and hypoxia have both been reported to lead to an enhanced risk of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we shed light on all reported mechanisms whereby cigarette smoke and a hypoxic environment can induce inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and discuss how hypoxic conditions influence the cigarette smoke-induced threat of inflammatory and autoimmune disease development. Cigarette smoke and hypoxia both lead to increased oxidative stress and production of reactive oxygen species and other free radicals, which have various effects including the generation of autoreactive pro-inflammatory T cells and autoantibodies, reductions in T regulatory(Treg) cell activity, and enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory mediators [e.g., interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-4(IL-4) and interleukin-8(IL-8)]. Accordingly, smoking and hypoxic environments may synergistically act as potent environmental risk factors for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. To our knowledge, no studies have reported the direct association of cigarette smoke and hypoxic environments with the risk of developing inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Future studies exploring the risk of autoimmune disease development in smokers at high altitudes, particularly military personnel and mountaineers who are not acclimatized to high-altitude regions, are required to obtain a better understanding of disease risk as well as its management.

关键词： Inflammatory and autoimmune diseases Cigarette smoke Hypobaric hypoxia Oxidative stress Epigenetic modifications Pro-inflammatory mediators Autoantibody

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Effects of of Habitats and Pesticides on Aerobic Capacity and Survival of Soil Fauna

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2005年第3期18卷 169-175页

作者： G. tripathi B. M. SHArMA Department of Zoology J. N. Vyas University Jodhpur-342 001 IndiaDepartment of Zoology J. N. Vyas University Jodhpur-342 001 India

Objective Faunal health is largely dependent on their soil environment and available litter quality. So the effects of different soil habitats and pesticides on citrate synthase (CS) activity of soil fauna and its population were studied. Methods The soil animals were collected from different pedoecosystems for habitat study. Whereas Vigna radiata based system was selected for pesticidal observations. The field was divided into five equal plots for control and treatment of γ-BHC, quinalphos, carbaryl and cypermethrin. Soil fauna was collected by quadrat method and extracted by Tullgren funnel. Individuals of a species having similar sizes were collected for the estimation of CS activity. They were homogenized and fractions were obtained by differential centrifugation. The activity of CS was assayed spectrophotometrically. results Citrate synthase (CS) activity of beetle (rasphytus fregi), woodlouse (Porcellio laevis) and centipede (Scolopendra morsitans) varied significantly with respect to changes in different soil habitats. Though the CS activity of r. fregi, P. laevis, and S. morsitans differed among themselves but the highest activity of CS in these animals was in V. radiata and lowest in A. nilotica based pedoecosystem. The aerobic capacity of centipede was maximum followed by woodlouse and beetle. The treatment of γ-BHC, quinalphos, carbaryl and cypermethrin significantly reduced the CS activity of these animals. γ-BHC showed maximum reduction in CS activity indicating highly toxic effect of organochlorine on aerobic metabolism of soil fauna. However, minimum reduction was observed in response to carbaryl (in beetle) or cypermethrin (in woodlouse/centipede) leading to impairment of aerobic capacity. The differences in pesticide effects might be assigned to the differences in chemical nature of pesticides and their interactions with below-ground fauna. Treatment of γ-BHC and quinalphos reduced the population of Acari, Coleoptera, Collembola, other arthropods as

关键词： Citrate synthase Habitat Pesticide Soil fauna and desert

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