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Beyond dentistry:could prevention and screening for neurodegenerative diseases start in the dental office?

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第1期19卷 156-157页

作者： Francesca r.Buccellato Daniela Galimberti Gianluca M.Tartaglia Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of MilanMilanItalyFondazione IRCCS Ca’GrandaOspedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly

The differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases is complex and relies on clinical assessment,biomarker levels in cerebrospinal fluid,neuroimaging and neuropsychological *** efforts of the scientific community are focused on two aspects:a)the discovery of minimally invasive biomarkers;b)the discovery of early biomarkers that can predict the progression to clinical disease in the presymptomatic stage of a *** the impact of the number of patients affected by chronic neurodegenerative diseases on public health expenditures,early diagnosis seems to be a primary need of our society.

关键词： diagnosis diseases prevention

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Convergent plate boundary environments for formation of≥3800 Ma mafic-ultramafic assemblages(Isua area,Greenland):Implications for early global geodynamics

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第3期15卷 119-136页

作者： Allen P.Nutman Clark r.L.Friend Vickie C.Bennett School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW 2522Australia Glendale TiddingtonOxon OX92LQUK research School of Earth Sciences Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia

In the gneiss terrane on the south side of the Eoarchean Isua supracrustal belt,ultramafic rocks with relict abyssal peridotite mineralogy(Bennett et al.,2002;Friend et al.,2002;Nutman et al.,2007;rollinson,2007;van de Löcht et al.,2020),layered gabbros with cumulate ultramafic rocks,basalts and associated siliceous sedimentary rocks were tectonically-imbricated,prior to and during intrusion of ca.3800 Ma *** with3800 Ma basalts in the Outer Arc Group of the nearby Isua supracrustal belt,the composition of all these mafic rocks(e.g.,Th-Hf-Nb systematics,high Th/Yb,Ba/Nb,Ba/Yb ratios and negative Nb and Ti anomalies)shows affinity with modern suprasubduction rocks whose genesis involved fluid fluxing of the upper ***,the majority of these samples have Ba/Nb and Ba/Yb values less than in modern island arc magmas,but similar to many backarc basin magmas(e.g.,Pearce and Stern,2006).It is unknown whether these ca.3800 Ma mafic rocks are,(i)arc rocks where the Ba/Nb and Ba/Yb signatures reflect lower surficial Ba in Eoarchean oceanic settings,or(ii)in direct comparison with Phanerozoic suites,these signatures reflect a back-arc setting with interplay between fluid fluxing and decompressional *** tectonic intercalation of upper mantle with lower and upper crustal rocks,combined with the fluid-fluxing influences seen in chemistry of all the mafic rocks is best accommodated in a compressional Eoarchean convergent plate boundary setting within a mobile-lid *** stagnant lid scenarios of crust formation,if operative,must have co-existed or alternated with mobile-lid regimes by 3800 Ma.

关键词： Eoarchean Fluid-fluxing Plate tectonics Suprasubduction Crustal evolution

Plasmon-enhanced photocatalytic oxidative coupling of amines in the air using a delicate Ag nanowire@NH_(2)-UiO-66 core-shell nanostructures

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 506-510页

作者： Yuan Zhang Shenghao Gong A.r.Mahammed Shaheer rong Cao Tianfu Liu Fujian Science Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350108China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China

MOF-based core-shell structures with high surface area, abundant active sites, and broad absorption bands are viable alternatives to traditional single-component photocatalysts. In this report, we describe the design and construction of delicate Ag nanowires@NH_(2)-UiO-66 with a core-shell structure for use as photocatalysts in imine synthesis under light. The optimized composites exhibited 80% imine production, which was higher than both MOF and Ag NWs. The significant improvement in photocatalytic activity under light may be attributed to the plasmonic effect of silver nanowires and their core-shell structure, which promotes the separation of electron-hole pairs. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of the core-shell nanostructure may provide valuable insight into the design and construction of MOF-based composite photocatalysts for oxidative coupling of amines.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Plasmonic silver nanowires Photocatalyst Core-shell nanostructure Oxidative coupling of amines

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A bird's-eye overview of molecular mechanisms regulating feed intake in chickens—with mammalian comparisons

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 61-74页

作者： Anastasiia r.Volyanskaya Ilya r.Akberdin Mikhail A.Kulyashov Ivan S.Yevshin Michael N.romanov Elena I.Shagimardanova Oleg A.Gusev Fedor A.Kolpakov Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Biosoft.ru Ltd. Sirius University of Science and Technology School of Biosciences University of Kent L.K.Ernst Federal research Centre for Animal Husbandry regulatory Genomics research Center Institute of Fundamental Medicine and BiologyKazan Federal University Life Improvement By Future Technologies (LIFT) Center Intractable Disease research Center Juntendo University

In recent decades, a lot of research has been conducted to explore poultry feeding behavior. However, up to now, the processes behind poultry feeding behavior remain poorly understood. The review generalizes modern expertise about the hormonal regulation of feeding behavior in chickens, focusing on signaling pathways mediated by insulin, leptin, and ghrelin and regulatory pathways with a cross-reference to mammals. This overview also summarizes state-of-the-art research devoted to hypothalamic neuropeptides that control feed intake and are prime candidates for predictors of feeding *** analysis of the signaling pathways that mediate the feed intake regulation allowed us to conclude that there are major differences in the processes by which hormones influence specific neuropeptides and their contrasting roles in feed intake control between two vertebrate clades.

关键词： Chicken Feed intake Hypothalamus Neuropeptide Signaling pathway Hormone

Paleoenvironmental changes recorded by grain size of loess/paleosol sequence from the Chifeng City,Northeastern China since the Last Glacial

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 3068-3082页

作者： LI Juan BrYE Kristofor r ZHANG Mengge JIANG Zhuodong WANG Qiubing College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Department of Crop Soiland Environmental SciencesUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA

The accumulation processes of loess in northeastern(NE)China record the varying characteristics of the East Asian Monsoons(EAM)and the evolution of the local *** this study,grain size end-member analysis of the Dajiugang(DJG)section deposited since the Last Glacial in Chifeng City,NE China was used to reveal the dynamic depositional characteristics of loess and environmental evolution of NE *** showed that the Chifeng loess comprises three grain size end-members(EM),EM1(7.38μm),EM2(49.4μm)and EM3(90.00μm),indicating the three transport dynamics of dust delivered to the *** EM1 represents atmospheric dust as the *** EM2,mainly derived from relatively distant-sources deposition,and EM3,material transported over a short distance,correspond to the intensity of southwesterly winds and the East Asian Winter Monsoon(EAWM),*** of climate reconstruction,combined with other records,showed that the climate was generally cold and dry with a strong EAWM and a weak East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)during the stadial-period[Marine Isotope Stage(MIS)4 and MIS 2 stage].The climate was predominantly warm and humid,with weak EAWM and surface winds and strong EASM in interstadial-period(MIS 3 and MIS 1 stage).Comparisons between indicators,e.g.,EM3,the Lr04 benthicδ18O stack and summer insolation at 65°N suggest that the strong EAWM is induced by increasing the Northern Hemisphere ice volume and reduced summer solar radiation.

关键词： Loess deposit Grain size end-member Northeastern China Environmental change The Last Glacial

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An Electrical Impedance Imaging System Towards Edge Intelligence for Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 883-896页

作者： Abolfazl roshanpanah Mahdi Abbasi Hani Attar Ayman Amer Mohammad r.Khosravi Ahmed A.Solyman Department of Electrical Engineering Islamic Azad UniversityScience and Research BranceTehran ***Iran Department of Computer Engineering Bu-Ali Sina UniversityHamedan ***Iran Department of Energy Engineering Zarqa UniversityZarqa 13110Jordan Department of Computer Engineering Persian Gulf UniversityBushehr ***Iran Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureNişantaşıUniversityIstanbul 34398Turkey

In the construction industry,to prevent accidents,non-destructive tests are necessary and *** impedance tomography is a new technology in non-invasive imaging in which the image of the inner part of conductive bodies is reconstructed by the arrays of external electrodes that are connected on the periphery of the *** equipment is cheap,fast,and edge *** this imaging method,the image of electrical conductivity distribution(or its opposite;electrical impedance)of the internal parts of the target object is *** image reconstruction process is performed by injecting a precise electric current to the peripheral boundaries of the object,measuring the peripheral voltages induced from it and processing the collected *** an electrical impedance tomography system,the voltages measured in the peripheral boundaries have a non-linear equation with the electrical conductivity *** paper presents a cheap Electrical Impedance Tomography(EIT)instrument for detecting impurities in the concrete.A voltage-controlled current source,a micro-controller,a set of multiplexers,a set of electrodes,and a personal computer constitute the structure of the *** conducted tests on concrete with impurities show that the designed EIT system can reveal impurities with a good accuracy in a reasonable time.

关键词： non-destructive testing system concrete electrical impedance tomography

Vanillin Based Polymers:***(hydrovanilloin-furfural)and Poly(hydrovanilloin-5-hydroxymethylfurfural)

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Journal of renewable Materials 2024年第9期12卷 1495-1506页

作者： Ananda S.Amarasekara Gabriel Murillo Morales raghava r.Kommalapati Department of Chemistry Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA Center for Energy&Environmental Sustainability Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA

renewable resources based polymers provides a sustainable alternative to petroleum derived polymeric *** a part of our series on synthesis of vanillin based renewable polymers,we report the synthesis of poly(hydrovanilloin-furfural)[poly(HVL-Fur)]and poly(hydrovanilloin–5-hydromethylfurfural)[poly(HVL-5-HMF)].Vanillin was dimerized to a mixtures of meso/DL-hydrovanilloins with 94%meso product by electrochemical reductive coupling in aqueous sodium hydroxide using lead electrodes in quantitative *** sodium hydroxide catalyzed condensation of hydrovanilloin with furfural in water at 80℃for 72 h was used to synthesize poly(HVL-Fur)with Mw=8600 g mol^(−1),PDI=1.28 in 78%***,condensation of hydrovanilloin with 5-hydroxymethylfurfural at 80℃for 48 h produced poly(HVL-5-HMF)with Mw=12,100 g mol−1,PDI=1.27 in 68%***(HVL-Fur)and poly(HVL-5-HMF)showed similar Tg values of 59℃and 60℃,respectively;whereas melting behaviors are dissimilar with Tm 171℃–173℃and 148℃–182℃,respectively.

关键词： Vanillin hydrovanilloin furfural 5-hydroxymethylfurfural renewable polymers

Effects of high glucose and severe hypoxia on the biological behavior of mesenchymal stem cells at various passages

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第4期16卷 434-443页

作者： Fatimah Almahasneh Ejlal Abu-El-rub ramada r Khasawneh rawan Almazari Department of Basic Medical Sciences Faculty of MedicineYarmouk UniversityIrbid 21163Jordan

BACKGrOUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been extensively studied for therapeutic potential,due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory *** passage and stress factors may affect the biological characteristics of MSCs,but the details of these effects have not been recognized *** To investigate the effects of stress factors(high glucose and severe hypoxia)on the biological characteristics of MSCs at different passages,in order to optimize the therapeutic applications of *** In this study,we investigated the impact of two stress conditions;severe hypoxia and high glucose on human adipose-tissue derived MSCs(hAD-MSCs)at passages 6(P6),P8,and ***,senescence and apoptosis were evaluated measuring WST-1,senescence-associated beta-galactosidase,and annexin V,*** Cells at P6 showed decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis under conditions of high glucose and hypoxia compared to control,while the extent of senescence did not change significantly under stress *** P8 hAD-MSCs cultured in stress conditions had a significant decrease in proliferation and apoptosis and a significant increase in senescence compared to counterpart cells at *** cultured in high glucose at P10 had lower proliferation and higher senescence than their counterparts in the previous passage,while no change in apoptosis was *** the other hand,MSCs cultured under hypoxia showed decreased senescence,increased apoptosis and no significant change in proliferation when compared to the same conditions at *** These results indicate that stress factors had distinct effects on the biological processes of MSCs at different passages,and suggest that senescence may be a protective mechanism for MSCs to survive under stress conditions at higher passage numbers.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells High glucose Hypoxia Stressful microenvironment Serial passage Senescence Apoptosis

review of Moirésuperconductivity and application of the roeser-Huber formula

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 9-28页

作者： Michael r.Koblischka Anjela Koblischka-Veneva Institute of Experimental Physics Saarland UniversityCampus C 6366123 SaarbrückenGermany

Moirésuperconductivity represents a new class of superconducting materials since the discovery of superconductivity in magic‐angle(1.1°)twisted bi‐layer graphene(MATBG),forming a Moirélattice with a much bigger crystal parameter as the original lattice constant of ***,experimentally changing the Moirétwist angle,0.93°≤Θ≤1.27,leads to a variation of the superconducting properties and enables a new way of engineering 2D superconducting *** of the robust superconducting state of MATBG as function of charge carrier density,temperature and applied magnetic fields are *** influence of the top/bottom hexagonal boron nitride layer thickness on the superconducting properties of MATBG was also demonstrated in the *** all fabricated MATBG devices,changing of the charge carrier density leads to the appearance of insulating,metallic and even ferromagnetic states,which separate several superconducting domes in the phase diagram(longitudinal resistance,rxx,as function of temperature T and charge carrier density,n).Further works have considered MATBG combined with WSe2‐layers,twisted bi‐layer WSe2,magic‐angle trilayer graphene(MATTG),and most recently,four‐layer(MAT4G)and five‐layer(MAT5G)*** differences between the layered,cuprate high‐Tc superconductors and the Moirésuperconductors are compiled *** collected information is then used to apply the roeser‐Huber formalism to Moiré‐type superconductivity to calculate the superconducting transition temperature,Tc,using only information of the Moirélattice and the electronic *** account for the different charge carrier densities in the experimental data sets and the low charge carrier mass demands that a new parameterηmust be introduced to the roeser‐Huber formalism to enable the description of several superconducting domes found in the phase diagram for a given Moiré*** so,the calculated data fit well to the correlation curve defined within the roeser‐Hube

关键词： MoiréSuperconductors Twisted bilayer graphene Magic angle Multilayer graphene stacks Superconducting transition temperature roeser‐Huber formalism