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Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)in inverted perovskite solar cells and their tandem photovoltaics application

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Interdisciplinary Materials 2024年第2期3卷 203-244页

作者： Zijun Yi Xin Li Yuchen Xiong Guibin Shen Wenguang Zhang Yihuai Huang Qinghui Jiang Xin ren ng Yubo Luo Jianghui Zheng Wei Lin Leong Fan fu Tongle Bu Junyou Yang State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina China‐Eu Institute for Clean and renewable Energy Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina School of Electrical and Electronic Engineer.ng Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore School of Physics The University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics Empa‐Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhanChina

Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)employed in inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have achieved groundbreaking progress in device efficiency and stability for both single-junction and tandem configurations,owing to their distinctive and versatile ability to manipulate chemical and physical interface *** this regard,we present a comprehensive review of recent research advancements concerning SAMs in inverted perovskite singlejunction and tandem solar cells,where the prevailing challenges and future development prospects in the applications of SAMs are *** thoroughly examine the mechanistic roles of diverse SAMs in energy-level regulation,interface modification,defect passivation,and charge *** is achieved by understanding how interfacial molecular interactions can be finely tuned to mitigate charge recombination losses in inverted *** this comprehensive review,we aim to provide valuable insights and references for further investigation and utilization of SAMs in inverted perovskite single‐junction and tandem solar cells.

关键词： inverted perovskite solar cells power conversion efficiency self-assembled monolayers tandem

Machine learning-assisted efficient design of Cu-based shape memory alloy with specific phase transition temperature

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第4期31卷 773-785页

作者： Mengwei Wu Wei Yong Cunqin fu Chunmei Ma ruiping Liu Department of Materials Science and Engineer.ng China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The martensitic transformation temperature is the basis for the application of shape memory alloys(SMAs),and the ability to quickly and accurately predict the transformation temperature of SMAs has very important practical *** this work,machine learning(ML)methods were utilized to accelerate the search for shape memory alloys with targeted properties(phase transition temperature).A group of component data was selected to design shape memory alloys using reverse design method from numerous unexplored *** modeling and feature modeling were used to predict the phase transition temperature of the shape memory *** experimental results of the shape memory alloys were obtained to verify the effectiveness of the support vector regression(SVr)*** results show that the machine learning model can obtain target materials more efficiently and pertinently,and realize the accurate and rapid design of shape memory alloys with specific target phase transition *** this basis,the relationship between phase transition temperature and material descriptors is analyzed,and it is proved that the key factors affecting the phase transition temperature of shape memory alloys are based on the str.ngth of the bond energy between *** work provides new ideas for the controllable design and performance optimization of Cu-based shape memory alloys.

关键词： machine learning support vector regression shape memory alloys martensitic transformation temperature

Inactivation of TGF-βsignaling in CAr-T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 309-310页

作者： Zaopeng Yang Yang-Xin fu Changping Laboratory Beijing102206China Department of Basic Medical Sciences School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Accumulating evidence suggests that the transforming growth factor(TGF)-βpathway might be an ideal target for optimizing chimeric antigen receptor(CAr)-T-cell therapy for solid *** Cellular&Molecular Immunology,Liang et al.(2024)reported that CAr-T cells expressing SMAD7 displayed favorable antitumor efficacy and a reduced risk of systemic toxicity.

关键词： CAr Immunology

Pilot-Free End-to-End Underwater Acoustic Communication System Based on Autoencoder

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2024年第3期9卷 233-243页

作者： Yizhe Wang Deqing Wang Liqun fu School of Informatics and Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of Ministry of EducationXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

The long delay spreads and significant Doppler effects of underwater acoustic(UWA)channels make the design of the UWA communication system more *** this paper,we propose a learning-based end-to-end framework for UWA communications,leveraging a double feature extraction network(DFEN)for data *** DFEN consists of an attentionbased module and a mixer-based module for channel feature extraction and data feature extraction,*** the diverse nature of UWA channels,we propose a stack-network with a two-step training strategy to enhance *** avoiding the use of pilot information,the proposed network can learn data mapping that is robust to UWA *** results show that our proposed algorithm outperforms the baselines by at least 2 dB under bit error rate(BEr)10^(−2)on the simulation channel,and surpasses the compared neural network by at least 5 dB under BEr 5×10^(−2)on the experiment channels.

关键词： underwater acoustic communications autoencoder time-varying channel

Elastic three-dimensional phononic topological insulators with Dirac hierarchy

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 54-62页

作者： Shao-Yong Huo Qiu-Shuang Yang Jiu-Jiu Chen Hong-Kang Li Long-Chao Yao fu-Chun He Chun-Ming fu College of Mechanical Engineer.ng University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufactur.ng for Vehicle Body College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Three-dimensional(3D)phononic topological insulators(TIs)featur.ng two-dimensional(2D)surface states and one-dimensional(1D)hinge states have opened up a new route for multi-dimensional robust wave transport,providing unprecedented methods for integrated acoustic sensors and energy harvesting ***,aiming at the elastic 3D phononic TI with gapless surface states and hinge states,the realization of elastic 3D phononic TIs with gapless surface states and hinge states is a significant challenge due to the complicated multi-mode polarization of elastic waves in 3D *** this study,we demonstrate an elastic 3D phononic TI with a Dirac hierarchy by elaborately operating the corresponding spatial symmetries of the chiral honeycomb ***,a 3D double Dirac cone of elastic wave can be achieved by doubling the lattice along the outof-plane direction to fold two iso-frequency Weyl *** topological phase transitions and 2D gapless two-fold Dirac surface states of elastic wave are realized by breaking the half-lattice spatial translation ***,based on the Brillouin zone folding along the in-plane direction,the 2D gapless two-fold surface Dirac cones are folded into four-fold surface Dirac ***,by inducing the relative radius of adjacent holes to break the in-plane spatial inversion symmetry,the fourfold surface Dirac cones are gapped and associated with a surface state inversion,in which the gapless 1D hinge Dirac dispersion is *** research offers a route for engineer.ng the hierarchies of TIs in 3D elastic wave systems and provides new possibilities for designing 3D ultrasonic devices with unconventional functions.

关键词： Dirac topological hierarchy

Experimental study and correlation development for the two-phase frictional pressure drop of flow boiling in copper foam fin microchannels

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 2758-2776页

作者： fu Kai XU XiangHua LIAng Xingang School of Aerospace Engineer.ng Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Flow boiling in microchannels with porous walls has received extensive attention in recent years. Compared with the emphasis on heat transfer, there is a lack of research on the effect of the porous wall structures on the pressure drop characteristics. In this study, systematic experiments are performed to measure the pressure drop of water-vapor two-phase flow in five microchannels with copper foam fins, which consist of nine or six channels and fins of copper foam. The porosities of the foam fins r.nge from0.78 to 0.82 and ratios of fin width to channel width r.nge from 0.5 to 2. The channels are approximately 0.5 or 1 mm in width and 1 mm in height. Both adiabatic and flow boiling experiments are conducted with water at mass fluxes r.nging from 66 to 407 kg/(m^(2)s). In the adiabatic experiments, the average quality in channels is between 0.017 and 0.846. In the flow boiling experiments, the outlet quality of channels is between 0.040 and 0.863. Slug flow, churn flow, annular flow, and wispy-annular flow are observed in adiabatic experiments. A two-phase frictional pressure drop correlation based on the Lockhart-Martinelli model is developed for copper foam fin microchannels by introducing the effects of the mass flux, porosity, ratio of fin width to channel width, and heating condition step by step. The mean absolute percentage errors of the new correlation are 7.53% for 325data points under adiabatic conditions and 5.51% for 268 data points under flow boiling conditions, respectively. This work provides insight into the correlations of frictional pressure drop in microchannels with porous walls.

关键词： two-phase flow boiling pressure drop correlation microchannel copper foam porous wall

Fault detection and diagnosis of electric bus air conditioning systems incorporating domain knowledge and probabilistic artificial intelligence

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 316-330页

作者： Fangzhou Guo Zhijie Chen fu Xiao Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineer.ng Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCAUSA research Institute for Smart Energy Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong

The air conditioning systems in electric city buses usually operate in rapidly changing ambient conditions and are more likely to suffer from mechanical faults. Although many fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) methods have been developed for building air conditioning systems, they are difficult to be applied to bus air conditioners since its operation is highly dynamic and fault-free data are usually unavailable. Therefore, this paper proposes an FDD method for electric bus air conditioners to tackle the above issues. First, the method identifies faults in an unsupervised manner by compar.ng selected features among a group of peer systems. Then, consider.ng the features are influenced by the operating conditions, Gaussian process regression (GPr) models are established to find the relationships between each feature and its influential parameters. The probabilistic nature of the GPr is used to differentiate predictions with large uncertainty, which are then excluded from FDD. In this way, robustness of the method is evidently improved. Finally, fault indexes are defined to detect and diagnose mechanical faults. We applied the method to a group of air conditioners in a city bus fleet. results showed that it can effectively identify refrigerant undercharge and indoor and outdoor fan problems with low false positive/genitive rates. Also, the method is highly robust and not sensitive to the faulty systems in the bus fleet.

关键词： Fault detection and diagnosis Predictive maintenance Air conditioner Electric vehicle Data-driven model Gaussian process

Link between childhood obesity and gut microbiota

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第30期30卷 3560-3563页

作者： Yan Pan fu-Yong Jiao Department of Pediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze UniversityJingzho 434000Hubei ProvinceChina Shaanxi Kawasaki Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center Children's HospitalShaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi'anJiaotong UniversityXi'an 710000Shaanxi ProvinceChina

Childhood obesity is a critical global health concern with rising prevalence and significant long-term health *** studies have implicated gut microbiota in the development and progression of *** editorial analyzes the research conducted by Li et al,who utilized 16S rrNA gene sequencing to compare the gut microbiome of overweight and healthy-weight *** study found significant differences in microbial diversity and composition between the two groups,with potential implications for understanding and managing childhood *** analyzed the study’s advantages and drawbacks,proposing potential areas for future research to better understand the connection between gut microbiota and obesity.

关键词： 16S rrNA Childhood obesity Gut microbiota future research Global health

Engineer.ng Fronts 2023 announced engineer.ng fronts in fields of Energy and Electrical Science and Technology

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 4-7页

作者： ruiqin LIU Liang YIN Lingxiao fu Editorial Office of Frontiers in Energy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

1 Introduction An engineer.ng front refers to important directions that have a significant impact on and lead the future innovation of engineer.ng science and *** is characterized by its forward looking,leading,and exploratory *** 2017,the Chinese Academy of Engineer.ng(CAE)has annually organized a project known as“Global Engineer.ng Fronts,”identifying and releasing engineer.ng research fronts and engineer.ng development fronts,tracking the trends in engineer.ng science and technology,and actively guiding the academic development and promoting innovation in engineer.ng science and technology.

关键词： technology. annually looking