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The Equivalence of BMOA and VMOA on the Unit Ball of C^n

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工科数学 1999年第1期15卷 70-75页

作者： Dongsheng Liu (Mathematics Department, The University of manchester, Oxford road, manchester M13, 9PL U.K)

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关键词： BMOA VMoA 单位球等价性 Garcia规则

Electrostatic interactions in twisted bilayer graphene

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nano Materials Science 2022年第1期4卷 27-35页

作者： Tommaso Cea Pierre A.Pantaleón niels r.Walet Francisco Guinea Imdea nanoscience Faraday 928015MadridSpain Department of Physics and Astronomy University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PYUK Donostia International Physics Center Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 420018San SebastianSpain

The effects of the long range electrostatic interaction in twisted bilayer graphene are described using the HartreeFock approximation. The results show a significant dependence of the band widths and shapes on electron filling,and the existence of broken symmetry phases at many densities, either valley/spin polarized, with broken sublattice symmetry, or both.

关键词： Graphene Twisted Interactions

Estimating Complex Covariance by Observing Two Variables at a Time

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2012年第8期28卷 1507-1520页

作者： C.S.WITHErS S.nADArAJAH O.nΦrKLI r.rAICH r.G.VAUGHAn Applied Mathematics Group Industrial Research LimitedLower HuttNew Zealand School of Mathematics University of ManchesterManchester M13 9PLUK

The estimation of covariance matrices is central in array signal processing systems. This note addresses complex covariance estimation for the situation, where the complex data are available only as independent pairwise sets （observations） corresponding to individual elements of the matrix. The formulation for the empirical estimate and the normal maximum likelihood estimate is developed for the general case of different sample sizes for each observation. The approach allows, for example, the estimate of the p by p covariance matrix of a p-port sensor array from a two-port measurement instrument.

关键词： Circular normal complex variance empirical estimate maximum likelihood estimate

The Qitai radio telescope

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第8期66卷 150-161页

作者： na Wang Qian Xu Jun Ma Zhiyong Liu Qi Liu Hailong Zhang Xin Pei Maozheng Chen richard n.manchester Kejia Lee Xingwu Zheng Hans J.Kärcher Wulin Zhao Hongwei Li Dongwei Li Martin Süss Matthias reichert Zhongyi Zhu Congsi Wang Mingshuai Li rui Li ning Li Guljaina Kazezkhan Wenming Yan Gang Wu Lang Cui Ming Zhang Haitao Li Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Key Laboratory of radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of radio Astrophysics Urumqi 830011China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Microwave Technology Urumqi 830011China Australia Telescope national Facility CSIRO Space and AstronomyEpping 1710Australia Department of Astronomy Peking UniversityBejing 100871China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Dr.Hans Jirgen Karcher Engineering Office Karben 61184Germany northwest China research Institute of Electronic Equipment Xi'an 710065China OHB Digital Connect(MT Mechatronics) Mainz 55130Germany Beijing Institute of Architetural Design Beijing 100045China Guangzhou Instiute of Technology Xidian UniversityGuangzhou 510555 China

This study presents a general outline of the Qitai radio telescope(QTT)***,the site of the telescope,is a county of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region of China,located in the east Tianshan Mountains at an elevation of about 1800 *** QTT is a fully steerable,Gregorian-type telescope with a standard parabolic main reflector of 110 m *** QTT has adopted an umbrella support,homology-symmetric lightweight *** main reflector is active so that the deformation caused by gravity can be *** structural design aims to ultimately allow high-sensitivity observations from 150 MHz up to115 *** satisfy the requirements for early scientific goals,the QTTwill be equipped with ultra-wideband receivers and large field-of-view multi-beam receivers.A multi-function signal-processing system based on rFSo C and GPU processor chips will be *** will enable the QTT to operate in pulsar,spectral line,continuum and Very Long Baseline Interferometer(VLBI)observing *** compatibility(EMC)and radio frequency interference(rFI)control techniques are adopted throughout the system *** QTT will form a world-class observational platform for the detection of lowfrequency(nano Hertz)gravitational waves through pulsar timing array(PTA)techniques,pulsar surveys,the discovery of binary black-hole systems,and exploring dark matter and the origin of life in the *** QTT will also play an important role in improving the Chinese and international VLBI networks,allowing high-sensitivity and high-resolution observations of the nuclei of distant galaxies and gravitational lensing *** astrometric observations will also contribute to improving the accuracy of the celestial reference ***,the QTT will be able to support future space activities such as planetary exploration in the solar system and to contribute to the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.

关键词： radio telescope radio astronomy observation receiver rFI

Exploring van der Waals materials with high anisotropy:geometrical and optical approaches

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 645-653页

作者： Aleksandr S.Slavich Georgy A.Ermolaev Mikhail K.Tatmyshevskiy Adilet n.Toksumakov Olga G.Matveeva Dmitriy V.Grudinin Kirill V.Voronin Arslan Mazitov Konstantin V.Kravtsov Alexander V.Syuy Dmitry M.Tsymbarenko Mikhail S.Mironov Sergey M.novikov Ivan Kruglov Davit A.Ghazaryan Andrey A.Vyshnevyy Aleksey V.Arsenin Valentyn S.Volkov Kostya S.novoselov Moscow Center for Advanced Studies Kulakova str.20Moscow 123592Russia. Emerging Technologies research Center XPANCEOInternet CityEmmay TowerDubaiUnited Arab Emirates. Donostia International Physics Center(DIPC) Donostia/San-Sebastián 20018Spain. Institute of Materials Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland. Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia. Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Yerevan State UniversityYerevan 0025Armenia. national Graphene Institute(nGI) University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK. Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 03-09 EASingapore. Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials National University of Singapore117544 SingaporeSingapore

The emergence of van der Waals(vdW)materials resulted in the discovery of their high optical,mechanical,and electronic anisotropic properties,immediately enabling countless novel phenomena and *** success inspired an intensive search for the highest possible anisotropic properties among vdW ***,the identification of the most promising among the huge family of vdW materials is a challenging quest requiring innovative ***,we suggest an easy-to-use method for such a survey based on the crystallographic geometrical perspective of vdW materials followed by their optical *** our approach,we found As2S3 as a highly anisotropic vdW *** demonstrates high in-plane optical anisotropy that is~20%larger than for rutile and over two times as large as calcite,high refractive index,and transparency in the visible range,overcoming the century-long record set by *** these benefits,As2S3 opens a pathway towards nextgeneration nanophotonics as demonstrated by an ultrathin true zero-order quarter-wave plate that combines classical and the Fabry–Pérot optical phase ***,our approach provides an effective and easy-to-use method to find vdW materials with the utmost anisotropic properties.

关键词： anisotropy anisotropic high

Determination of the number ofψ(3686)events taken at BESⅢ

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 8-20页

作者： M.Ablikim M.n.Achasov P.Adlarson O.Afedulidis X.C.Ai r.Aliberti A.Amoroso Q.An Y.Bai O.Bakina I.Balossino Y.Ban H.-r.Bao V.Batozskaya K.Begzsuren n.Berger M.Berlowski M.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi E.Bianco A.Bortone I.Boyko r.A.Briere A.Brueggemann H.Cai X.Cai A.Calcaterra G.F.Cao n.Cao S.A.Cetin J.F.Chang G.r.Che G.Chelkov C.Chen C.H.Chen Chao Chen G.Chen H.S.Chen H.Y.Chen M.L.Chen S.J.Chen S.L.Chen S.M.Chen T.Chen X.r.Chen X.T.Chen Y.B.Chen Y.Q.Chen Z.J.Chen Z.Y.Chen S.K.Choi G.Cibinetto F.Cossio J.J.Cui H.L.Dai J.P.Dai A.Dbeyssi r.E.de Boer D.Dedovich C.Q.Deng Z.Y.Deng A.Denig I.Denysenko M.Destefanis F.De Mori B.Ding X.X.Ding Y.Ding Y.Ding J.Dong L.Y.Dong M.Y.Dong X.Dong M.C.Du S.X.Du Y.Y.Duan Z.H.Duan P.Egorov Y.H.Fan J.Fang J.Fang S.S.Fang W.X.Fang Y.Fang Y.Q.Fang r.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici C.Q.Feng J.H.Feng Y.T.Feng M.Fritsch C.D.Fu J.L.Fu Y.W.Fu H.Gao X.B.Gao Y.n.Gao Yang Gao S.Garbolino I.Garzia L.Ge P.T.Ge Z.W.Ge C.Geng E.M.Gersabeck A.Gilman K.Goetzen L.Gong W.X.Gong W.Gradl S.Gramigna M.Greco M.H.Gu Y.T.Gu C.Y.Guan Z.L.Guan A.Q.Guo L.B.Guo M.J.Guo r.P.Guo Y.P.Guo A.Guskov J.Gutierrez K.L.Han T.T.Han F.Hanisch X.Q.Hao F.A.Harris K.K.He K.L.He F.H.Heinsius C.H.Heinz Y.K.Heng C.Herold T.Holtmann P.C.Hong G.Y.Hou X.T.Hou Y.r.Hou Z.L.Hou B.Y.Hu H.M.Hu J.F.Hu S.L.Hu T.Hu Y.Hu G.S.Huang K.X.Huang L.Q.Huang X.T.Huang Y.P.Huang T.Hussain F.Hölzken n.Hüsken n.in der Wiesche J.Jackson S.Janchiv J.H.Jeong Q.Ji Q.P.Ji W.Ji X.B.Ji X.L.Ji Y.Y.Ji X.Q.Jia Z.K.Jia D.Jiang H.B.Jiang P.C.Jiang S.S.Jiang T.J.Jiang X.S.Jiang Y.Jiang J.B.Jiao J.K.Jiao Z.Jiao S.Jin Y.Jin M.Q.Jing X.M.Jing T.Johansson S.Kabana n.Kalantar-nayestanaki X.L.Kang X.S.Kang M.Kavatsyuk B.C.Ke V.Khachatryan A.Khoukaz r.Kiuchi O.B.Kolcu B.Kopf M.Kuessner X.Kui n.Kumar A.Kupsc W.Kühn J.J.Lane P.Larin L.Lavezzi T.T.Lei Z.H.Lei M.Lellmann T.Lenz C.Li C.Li C.H.Li Cheng Li D.M.Li F.Li G.Li H.B.Li H.J.Li H.n.Li Hui Li J.r.Li J.S.Li Ke Li L.J.Li L.K.Li Lei Li M.H.Li P.r.Li Q.M.Li Q.X.Li r.Li S.X.Li T.Li W.D.Li W.G.Li X.Li X.H.Li X.L.Li X.Z.Li Xi Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100049China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Bochum ruhr-University D-44780BochumGermany Budker Institute of nuclear Physics SB rAS(BInP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA Central China normal University Wuhan 430079China Central South University Changsha 410083China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing 100190China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China Chung-Ang University Seoul06974Republic of Korea COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200433China GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion research GmbH D-64291DarmstadtGermany Guangxi normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi University Nanning 530004China Hangzhou normal University Hangzhou 310036China Hebei University Baoding 071002China Helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099MainzGermany Henan normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University Kaifeng 475004China Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003China Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001China Huangshan College Huangshan 245000China Hunan normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA InFn Laboratori nazionali di Frascati (A)INFN Laboratori Nazionali di FrascatiI-00044FrascatiItaly(B)INFN Sezione di PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly(C)University of PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly InFn Sezione di Ferrara (A)INFN Sezione di FerraraI-44122FerraraItaly(B)University of FerraraI-44122FerraraItaly Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021China Institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics and Technology Peace Avenue 54BUlaanbaatar 13330Mongolia Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de TarapacáCasilla 7DArica 1000000Chile Jilin University Changchun 130012China Joha

The number ofψ(3686)events collected by the BESⅢdetector during the 2021 run period is determined to be(2259.3±11.1)×10~6 by counting inclusiveψ(3686)hadronic *** uncertainty is systematic and the statistical uncertainty is ***,the numbers ofψ(3686)events collected during the 2009 and 2012run periods are updated to be(107.7±0.6)×10~6 and(345.4±2.6)×10~6,*** numbers are consistent with the previous measurements within one standard *** total number ofψ(3686)events in the three data samples is(2712.4±14.3)×10~6.

关键词： ψ(3686) inclusive process Hadronic events BESⅢdetector

Telecentres in Mountain regions-A Peruvian Case Study of the Impact of Information and Communication Technologies on remoteness and Exclusion

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Journal of Mountain Science 2009年第4期6卷 320-330页

作者： richard Heeks Laura León Kanashiro Centre for Development Informatics Arthur Lewis BuildingUniversity of Manchester

Communities in developing country mountain areas,in part due to their remoteness,find themselves excluded from social,political and economic systems; and excluded from access to resources. This paper aims to study the impact of information and communication technologies (ICTs) on remoteness and exclusion. It utilises two models - the resource movement framework,and the "information chain" - to analyse a telecentre in one district of mountainous Huancavelica,Peru's poorest region,set in the high Andes. It finds ICTs enabling new and positive resource flows for the two key user groups:teenaged school students and young farmers. These help to maintain social networks. They also support information searches that have improved agricultural practice where other information chain resources have been available. But non-use and ineffective use of the telecentre are found where information chain resources are lacking. ICTs have some impacts on intangible elements of remoteness. In this particular example,they also offer access to some previously-excluded resources. But they have not really addressed the systematic exclusions faced by mountain communities. And they so far appear to be a technology of inequality; favouring those residents who begin with better resource *** paper concludes by offering some recommendations for mountain ICT project practice.

关键词： Exclusion Telecentre Information and communication technologies (ICTs) new technology Andes Peru

Amplitude analysis of the decays D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 6-33页

作者： M.Ablikim M.n.Achasov P.Adlarson O.Afedulidis X.C.Ai r.Aliberti A.Amoroso Q.An Y.Bai O.Bakina I.Balossino Y.Ban H.-r.Bao V.Batozskaya K.Begzsuren n.Berger M.Berlowski M.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi E.Bianco A.Bortone I.Boyko r.A.Briere A.Brueggemann H.Cai X.Cai A.Calcaterra G.F.Cao n.Cao S.A.Cetin J.F.Chang W.L.Chang G.r.Che G.Chelkov C.Chen C.H.Chen Chao Chen G.Chen H.S.Chen M.L.Chen S.J.Chen S.L.Chen S.M.Chen T.Chen X.r.Chen X.T.Chen Y.B.Chen Y.Q.Chen Z.J.Chen Z.Y.Chen S.K.Choi X.Chu G.Cibinetto F.Cossio J.J.Cui H.L.Dai J.P.Dai A.Dbeyssi r.E.de Boer D.Dedovich C.Q.Deng Z.Y.Deng A.Denig I.Denysenko M.Destefanis F.De Mori B.Fang S.S.Fang W.X.Fang Y.Fang Y.Q.Fang r.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici C.Q.Feng J.H.Feng Y.T.Feng K.Fischer M.Fritsch C.D.Fu J.L.Fu Y.W.Fu H.Gao Y.n.Gao Yang Gao S.Garbolino I.Garzia P.T.Ge Z.W.Ge C.Geng E.M.Gersabeck B.Ding X.X.Ding Y.Ding Y.Ding J.Dong L.Y.Dong M.Y.Dong X.Dong M.C.Du S.X.Du Z.H.Duan P.Egorov Y.H.Fan J.Fang JA.Gilman K.Goetzen L.Gong W.X.Gong W.Gradl S.Gramigna M.Greco M.H.Gu Y.T.Gu C.Y.Guan Z.L.Guan A.Q.Guo L.B.Guo M.J.Guo r.P.Guo Y.P.Guo A.Guskov J.Gutierrez K.L.Han T.T.Han X.Q.Hao F.A.Harris K.K.He K.L.He F.H.Heinsius C.H.Heinz Y.K.Heng C.Herold T.Holtmann P.C.Hong G.Y.Hou X.T.Hou Y.r.Hou Z.L.Hou B.Y.Hu H.M.Hu J.F.Hu T.Hu Y.Hu G.S.Huang K.X.Huang L.Q.Huang X.T.Huang Y.P.Huang T.Hussain F.H\"olzken n.H\"usken n.in der Wiesche M.Irshad J.Jackson S.Janchiv J.H.Jeong Q.Ji Q.P.Ji W.Ji X.B.Ji X.L.Ji Y.Y.Ji X.Q.Jia Z.K.Jia D.Jiang H.B.Jiang P.C.Jiang S.S.Jiang T.J.Jiang X.S.Jiang Y.Jiang J.B.Jiao J.K.Jiao Z.Jiao S.Jin Y.Jin M.Q.Jing X.M.Jing T.Johansson S.Kabana n.Kalantar-nayestanaki X.L.Kang X.S.Kang M.Kavatsyuk B.C.Ke V.Khachatryan A.Khoukaz r.Kiuchi O.B.Kolcu B.Kopf M.Kuessner X.Kui A.Kupsc W.K\"uhn J.J.Lane P.Larin L.Lavezzi T.T.Lei Z.H.Lei H.Leithoff M.Lellmann T.Lenz C.Li C.Li C.H.Li Cheng Li D.M.Li F.Li G.Li H.Li H.B.Li H.J.Li H.n.Li Hui Li J.r.Li J.S.Li K.Li L.J.Li L.K.Li Lei Li M.H.Li P.r.Li Q.M.Li Q.X.Li r.Li S.X.Li T.Li W.D.Li W.G.Li X.Li X.H.Li X.L.Li X.Y.Li Y Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Bochum ruhr-University D-44780 BochumGermany Budker Institute of nuclear Physics SB rAS(BInP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA Central China normal University Wuhan 430079China Central South University Changsha 410083China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing 100190China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China Chung-Ang University Seoul06974Republic of Korea COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000 LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200433China GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion research GmbH D-64291 DarmstadtGermany Guangxi normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi University Nanning 530004China Hangzhou normal University Hangzhou 310036China Hebei University Baoding 071002China Helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University Kaifeng 475004China Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003China Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001China Huangshan College Huangshan 245000China Hunan normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA InFn Laboratori nazionali di Frascati INFN Laboratori Nazionali di FrascatiI-00044FrascatiItaly InFn Laboratori nazionali di Frascati INFN Sezione di PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly InFn Laboratori nazionali di Frascati University of PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly InFn Sezione di Ferrara INFN Sezione di FerraraI-44122FerraraItaly InFn Sezione di Ferrara University of FerraraI-44122FerraraItaly Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021China Institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics and Technology Peace Avenue 54BUlaanbaatar 13330Mongolia Instituto de A

Using e^(+)e^(−)annihilation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb^(−1)taken at the center-of-mass energy√s=3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector,a joint amplitude analysis is performed on the decays D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η).The fit fractions of individual components are obtained,and large interferences among the dominant components of the decays D^(0)→a_(1)(1260)π,D^(0)→π(1300)π,D^(0)→ρ(770)ρ(770),and D^(0)→2(ππ)_(S)are observed in both *** the obtained amplitude model,the CP-even fractions of D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η)are determined to be(75.2±1.1_(stat).±1.5_(syst.))%and(68.9±1.5_(stat).±2.4_(syst.))%,*** branching fractions of D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η)are measured to be(0.688±0.010_(stat.)±0.010_(syst.))%and(0.951±0.025_(stat.)±0.021_(syst.))%,*** amplitude analysis provides an important model for the binning strategy in measuring the strong phase parameters of D^(0)→4πwhen used to determine the CKM angleγ(ϕ_(3))via the B^(−)→DK^(−)decay.

关键词： BESIII D^(0)meson decays amplitude analysis CP-even fraction

Gravitational wave astronomy: the current status

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2015年第12期58卷 3-43页

作者： BLAIr David JU Li ZHAO Chunnong WEn LinQing CHU Qi FAnG Qi CAI rongGen GAO Jiangrui LIn XueChun LIU Dong WU Ling-An ZHU ZongHong rEITZE David H. ArAI Koji ZHAnG Fan FLAMInIO raffaele ZHU XingJiang HOBBS George manchester richard n. SHAnnOn ryan M. BACCIGALUPI Carlo GAO Wei XU Peng BIAn Xing CAO ZhouJian CHAnG ZiJing DOnG Peng GOnG XueFei HUAnG ShuangLin JU Peng LUO Ziren QIAnG Li'E TAnG WenLin WAn XiaoYun WAnG Yue XU Shengnian ZAnG YunLong ZHAnG HaiPeng LAU Yun-Kau nI Wei-Tou School of Physics The University of Western Australia State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences The School of Physics & Electronic Engineering Shanxi University Laboratory of All-Solid-State Light Sources Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Science State Key Laboratroy of Modern Optical Instrumentation Department of Optical Engineering Zhejiang University Laboratory of Optical Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Gravitational Wave and Cosmology Laboratory Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Department of Physics University of Florida Department of Physics West Virginia University national Astronomical Observatory of Japan CSIrO Astronomy and Space Science International Centre for radio Astronomy research Curtin University SISSA Astrophysics Sector Institute of Applied Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Morningside Center of Mathematics Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Mathematics Henan University Department of Mathematics Capital Normal University Department of Geophysics College of the Geology Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an University QUEST Centre of Quantum Engineering and Space-Time research Leibniz Universitt Hannover Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik(Albert Einstein Institut) Aerospace Flight Dynamics Laboratory Beijing Aerospace Control Center Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Launch Vehicle Technology Center for Gravitation and Cosmology Department of Physics Tsing Hua University

In the centenary year of Einstein's General Theory of relativity, this paper reviews the current status of gravitational wave astronomy across a spectrum which stretches from attohertz to kilohertz frequencies. Sect. 1 of this paper reviews the historical development of gravitational wave astronomy from Einstein's first prediction to our current understanding the spectrum. It is shown that detection of signals in the audio frequency spectrum can be expected very soon, and that a north-south pair of next generation detectors would provide large scientific benefits. Sect. 2 reviews the theory of gravitational waves and the principles of detection using laser interferometry. The state of the art Advanced LIGO detectors are then described. These detectors have a high chance of detecting the first events in the near future. Sect. 3 reviews the KAGrA detector currently under development in Japan,which will be the first laser interferometer detector to use cryogenic test masses. Sect. 4 of this paper reviews gravitational wave detection in the nanohertz frequency band using the technique of pulsar timing. Sect. 5 reviews the status of gravitational wave detection in the attohertz frequency band, detectable in the polarisation of the cosmic microwave background, and discusses the prospects for detection of primordial waves from the big bang. The techniques described in sects. 1–5 have already placed significant limits on the strength of gravitational wave sources. Sects. 6 and 7 review ambitious plans for future space based gravitational wave detectors in the millihertz frequency band. Sect. 6 presents a roadmap for development of space based gravitational wave detectors by China while sect. 7 discusses a key enabling technology for space interferometry known as time delay interferometry.

关键词： gravitational waves ground based detectors pulsar timing spaced based detectors CMB