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Chinese journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第4期26卷 870-878页

作者： Syieluing Wong Nurul Atiqah Najlaa Yac'cob Norzita Ngadi Onn Hassan Ibrahim M.Inuwa Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Department of Industrial Chemistry Kaduna State University

Adsorption is an important process in wastewater treatment,and conversion of waste materials to adsorbent offers a solution to high material cost related to the use of commercial activated *** study investigated the adsorption behaviour of reactive Black 5（rB5）and methylene blue（MB）onto activated carbon produced from textile sludge（TSAC）.The activated carbon was synthesized through chemical activation of precursor followed with carbonization at 650℃ under nitrogen *** of time（0–200 min）,pH（2–10）,temperature（25–60℃）,initial dye concentration（0–200 mg·L^-1）,and adsorbent dosage（0.01–0.15 g）on dye removal efficiency were *** screening revealed that TSAC synthesized via H2SO4activation showed higher adsorption behaviour than TSAC activated by KCl and *** adsorption capacity of TSAC was found to be 11.98 mg·g^-1（rB5）and 13.27 mg·g^-1（MB）,and is dependent on adsorption time and initial dye *** adsorption data for both dyes were well fitted to Freundlich isotherm model which explains the heterogeneous nature of TSAC *** dye adsorption obeyed pseudo-second order kinetic model,thus chemisorption was the controlling *** study reveals potential of textile sludge in removal of dyes from aqueous solution,and further studies are required to establish the applicability of the synthesized adsorbent for the treatment of waste water containing toxic dyes from textile industry.

关键词： Activated carbon Textile sludge reactive Black 5 Methylene blue Adsorption

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油气地质二元论与石油工业可持续发展

西北大学学报（自然科学版） 2005年第1期35卷 83-86页

作者：吕锡敏 Ю.М.САРКИcob 任战利刘全新西北大学地质学系陕西西安710069 俄罗斯全俄地球物理研究院莫斯科101000 中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院甘肃兰州730020

目的　为了开拓油气勘探的思路,探索油气勘探的新领域。方法　从油气地质二元论的思想出发,论述了陆壳结晶基底的通道块状结构、无机油气的生成和裂谷盆地的形成过程。结果　中地壳费托合成反应形成的烃类和盆地中干酪根热解生成的烃... 详细信息

目的　为了开拓油气勘探的思路,探索油气勘探的新领域。方法　从油气地质二元论的思想出发,论述了陆壳结晶基底的通道块状结构、无机油气的生成和裂谷盆地的形成过程。结果　中地壳费托合成反应形成的烃类和盆地中干酪根热解生成的烃类是油气的两种来源;大油气田在平面上受通道块状结构控制,在剖面上受圈闭控制,即更多的油气富集在超基性岩通道上方的圈闭中。结论　油气地质二元论可成为石油工业可持续发展的理论基础。

关键词：二元论上软流圈通道-块状地质结构可持续发展

Epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in Burkina Faso

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第2期1卷 1-6页

作者： Simpore j Zeba B Karou D Ilboudo D Pignatelli S Nacoulma OG Musumeci S Saint Camille Medical Centre(SCMC) OuagadougouBurkina Faso University of Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University of rome "Tor Vergata" RomeItaly Department of Pharmacology Gynecology and ObstetricsPediatricsUniversity of Sassari and Institute of Biomolecular ChemistryNational Research Council(CNR)Li Punti(SS)Italy

Burkina Faso(West Africa) is a tropical country with a high incidence of infectious *** uncontrolled use of antibiotics against bacterial pathogens has given rise to the emergence of antibiotic resistance in this *** aims of this study were;i) to determine the prevalences of the most important pathogenic bacteria isolated in the town of Ouagadougou;ii) to identify the bacterial species which have acquired resistance as a result of antibiotic selection;iii) to compare antibiotic-resistances of Escherichia coli isolated from stool culture in the present study with results obtained in 2002 from strains collected in the same structure in Burkina Faso;iv) to determine the trend of antibiotic resistance in Burkina Faso in order to give local advice on the most appropriate empiric antibiotic *** thousand two hundred and sixty four samples of blood,stools, urine,sputum,pus and vaginal secretion were collected and analyzed in Saint Camille Medical Center(SCMC) laboratory from May 2001 to May *** of the 6264 samples tested no pathogen was identified in 1583(25.31%),whilst 4681(74.73%) were positive with the incidence of the microrganisms isolated being as follows;Escherichia coli 1291(27.6%),Staphylococcus aureus 922(19.7%),Salmonella spp 561(12. 0%),Streptococcus spp 499(10.7%),Klebsiella spp 359(7.7%),Shigella spp(6.3%),Acinetobacter spp 266(5.7%) and others 783(16.7%).Among the isolated pathogens,the highest resistance was found to amoxicillin:Proteus spp 95,6%,Escherichia coli 78,2%,Salmonella spp 62,2%,Shigella spp 73,4% and Klebsiella spp 89,9%,followed by resistance to ampicillin and *** the prevalence of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia cob’from stool cultures isolated during 1999-2000 to that of 2001-2006, a significant reduction was found which could be due to the improved use of antibiotics in recent *** reduced antibiotic-resistance observed in pathogens isolated in Burkina Faso during this study as compa

关键词： Escherichia coli antibiotic-resistance Burkina Faso

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生物质用于焦炭和烧结生产的实验室评价

世界钢铁 2012年第6期12卷 8-17页

作者： S Thomas S j McKnight E j Serrano A Malejová r Zelinsky j Tomá P Vlaic 王旭明美国钢铁公司研究与技术中心美国钢铁公司环境事务部美国钢铁公司USSE研究中心

生物质作为碳可供选择的环保替代燃料,用其进行炼焦和炼铁是一个非常好的选择,因此,应该积极调查、研究如何采取不同的方法利用生物质,以减少硫化物、氮氧化物、二氧化碳的排放和可能的成本投入。对生物质在炼焦生产与烧结生产中的实用... 详细信息

生物质作为碳可供选择的环保替代燃料,用其进行炼焦和炼铁是一个非常好的选择,因此,应该积极调查、研究如何采取不同的方法利用生物质,以减少硫化物、氮氧化物、二氧化碳的排放和可能的成本投入。对生物质在炼焦生产与烧结生产中的实用性在独立的试验中进行评估。生物质对炼焦生产的实用性研究如下:将1%～5%的木质生物质或是焙烤(轻度热解)的木质生物质作为部分高挥发性煤的替代物添加至配合煤中,在实验室焦炉中进行碳化试验。试验结果表明,当把粉碎的生物质加入到配合煤后,焦化压力显著降低,同时焦炭的硫含量下降,但是焦炭的高温强度和力学性能亦有轻微下降,但这种实测强度的降低需要进一步的研究。另外,在一系列独立试验中,通过利用生物质(分别是锯末、粉碎的玉米芯、树皮、木炭等)作为烧结用粉焦的替代燃料在实验室烧结锅进行评估。试验中,燃料用10%、20%、30%、40%的生物质代替。试验结果显示,烧结混合料的堆密度和烧结时间都有下降,添加了生物质的烧结矿质量没有显著恶化。这些初步的试验表明,在实际的炼焦与炼铁生产中生物质很有可能作为一种可再生能源替代部分传统的化石燃料。为了某种特定应用而进行产品优化则需要额外试验。

关键词：生物质干燥二氧化碳焦炭烧结矿试验炉烧结锅

Tolerance of Corn (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) to Early and Late Glyphosate Applications

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American journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第18期5卷 2748-2754页

作者： Kris j. Mahoney robert E. Nurse Wesley j. Everman Christy L. Sprague Peter H. Sikkema Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Harrow Canada Michigan State University East Lansing USA North Carolina State University Raleigh USA University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

Fifteen field experiments were conducted from 2009 to 2012 in Ontario, Canada and Michigan, USA to determine the tolerance of corn (Zea mays L.) to early (spike or 1- to 2-leaf stage) or late (8- or 10-leaf stage) applications of 900, 1800, 3600, or 7200 g·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate. Postemergence applications were evaluated for corn injury, cob length and deformity, crop moisture at harvest, and yield in the absence of weed competition. In the early application experiment, no visible injury was detected with applications of up to 3600 g·ae·ha-1;however, 1.4% injury was observed 4 weeks after treatment (WAT) when 7200 g·ae·ha-1 was applied to 1- to 2-leaf stage corn. Yet by harvest, the observed injury was transient as yields were similar to the untreated control regardless of glyphosate dose or timing. In the late application experiment, visible injury tended to increase with glyphosate dose. In addition, for corn treated with 7200 g·ae·ha-1 at the 10-leaf stage, injury increased over time as 6%, 11%, and 12% injury was observed 1, 2, and 4 WAT, respectively. Similar to the visible injury of vegetative tissue, cob deformity and reductions in yield tended to increase with glyphosate dose, but this response varied and the data were pooled into two environment groups. For example, in one environment group, corn treated with 7200 g·ae·ha-1 at the 8- and 10-leaf stage had a 9.5% and 14.6% reduction in yield, respectively. Whereas in another environment group, corn yields were similar to the untreated control regardless of glyphosate dose or timing. This research demonstrated that commercially available corn hybrids have tolerance to glyphosate at doses greater than what has been previously published or could reasonably be expected during spray overlaps in a field.

关键词： Dose Injury cob Deformity Yield

Purification and Characterization of Extracellular Laccase Secreted by Pleurotus sajor-caju MTCC 141

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生物工程学报 2008年第12期24卷 2068-2073页

作者： r. Sahay r. S. S. Yadav K. D. S. Yadav Department of Chemistry DDU Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur 273 009 India

The effect of lignin containing natural substrates corn-cob, coir-dust, saw-dust, wheat straw and bagasse particles on the extracellular secretion of laccase in the liquid culture growth medium of Pleurotus sajor-caju MTCC 141 has been studied. The culture conditions for maximum secretion of laccase by Pleurotus sajor-caju MTCC 141 have been optimized. Homogeneous preparation of laccase from the culture filtrate of the fungus has been achieved using ammonium sulphate precipitation, anion exchange chromatography on DEAE and gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-100. The purified enzyme preparation gave a single protein band in SDS-PAGE analysis indicating a molecular weight of 90 kD. The enzymatic characteristics Km, kcat, pH and temperature optima of the purified laccase have been determined using 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol as the substrate and have been found to be 35 μmol/L, 0.30 min-1, 4.5 and 37oC respectively. The Km values for the other substrate like catechol, m-cresol, pyrogallol and syringaldazine have also been determined which were found to be 216 μmol/L, 380 μmol/L, 370 μmol/L and 260 μmol/L respectively.

关键词：虫漆酶水漂生物木质素木浆硝化甘油炸药金属荧光指示剂

relationship between Physico-Mechanical Properties, Compacting Pressure and Mixing Proportion of Briquettes Produced from Maize cobs and Sawdust

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journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2014年第1期4卷 50-60页

作者： Stephen j. Mitchual Kwasi Frimpong-Mensah Nicholas A. Darkwa Department of Construction and Wood Technology Education University of Education Winneba Kumasi Campus Kumasi Ghana Department of Wood Science and Technology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

This study examined the relationship between selected physico-mechanical properties, compacting pressure and mixing proportion of briquettes produced from combination of maize cob particles and sawdust of low, medium and high density timber species. Particle sizes of maize cobs and sawdust used for the study were ≤1 mm. The two materials were combined at mixing percentages of 90:10, 70:30 and 50:50 (Sawdust:maize cobs). Briquettes were produced at room temperature (28°C) using compacting pressures 20, 30, 40 and 50 MPa. The results suggested that combining maize cob particles with sawdust of low, medium and high density wood species could significantly enhance the relaxed density, compressive strength in cleft and impact resistance index of briquettes produced from agricultural biomass residue like maize cobs. The results further indicated that the physical and mechanical characteristics of briquettes produced from combinations of sawdust of low density species and maize cobs were exceptionally higher than that produced from combinations of maize cob particles, and medium density and high density timber species. The r2 values for the regression model between the independent variables (mixing percentage and compacting pressure) and relaxed density, compressive strength in cleft and impact resistance index of briquettes produced from combinations of maize cob particles and sawdust of low density species (Ceiba pentandra) were 0.966, 0.932 and 0.710 respectively. This study provides a hope for briquetting maize cobs at room temperature using a low compacting pressure.

关键词： Briquette Compacting Pressure Maize cobs Mixing Proportions Physico-Mechanical Properties Sawdust

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试论埃文基语与俄语构词法之异同

满语研究 2014年第1期 -页

作者：杨立华安德烈耶娃Т.Е 斯特鲁奇科夫К.Н 黑河学院黑龙江黑河164300 俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院北方少数民族人文问题研究所

埃文基语和俄语在构词法上共性和差异并存,二者均用后缀法、复合法、词干屈折法等构词法,但埃文基语没有前缀构词法。俄语和埃文基语三种相同的构词方法既有相同之处,又有不同之处。

关键词：俄语埃文基语构词模式语言比较

The Effect of Maize Grain Size on the Physicochemical Properties of Isolated Starch, Crude Maize Flour and Nixtamalized Maize Flours

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第2期7卷 114-125页

作者： Lineth j. Vega-rojas Margarita Contreras-Padilla Natalia rincon-Londoño Alicia del real López rosa M. Lima-Garcia Natalia Palacios-rojas Mario E. rodriguez-Garcia Maestría en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas Facultad de Química Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Querétaro México División de Investigación y Posgrado Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Cerro de las Campanas s/n Las Campanas Santiago de Querétaro Querétaro México Departamento de Nanotecnología Centro de Física Aplica y Tecnología Avanzada Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla Querétaro México Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales Centro de Física Aplica y Tecnología Avanzada Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla Querétaro México International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Km 45 Carretera México-Veracruz Texcoco México Licenciatura en Ingeniería Física Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Querétaro México

Usually, the maize cob is formed by grains of medium size. However, the extremes have larger or smaller size grains. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of grain size from the same hybrid on the physicochemical properties of isolated starch, crude maize flours and nixtamalized maize flours. Two hybrids, one from CIMMyT-Mexico called IMIC-254 and one commercial sample from monsanto (Puma) were studied. The isolated starch granules from small, medium, and large grains exhibit the same size and distribution. The grain size has influence in the determination of cooking and steeping times;small grains reach these parameters faster than medium and large ones. The hardness of the grain size for both hybrids does not showed statistical differences between them. The starch from small, medium and large grains is mainly composed of amylopectin;this result is confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Megazine analysis. The apparent viscosity of the isolated starches of small grains showed statistically significant higher peak values. According to these results, it is possible to use small, medium, and large grains to obtain products with the same physicochemical properties, by adjusting the cooking and steeping times and Ca2+ content.

关键词： Maize Grain Size Nixtamalization Starch rheological Properties

Evaluation of spatial and temporal patterns of insect damage and aflatoxin level in the pre-harvest corn fields to improve management tactics

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Insect Science 2014年第5期21卷 572-583页

作者： Xinzhi Ni jeffrey P. Wilson Michael D. Toews G. David Buntin r. Dewey Lee Xin Li Zhongren Lei Kanglai He Wenwei Xu Xianchun Li Alisa Huffaker Eric A. Schmelz USDA-ArS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit Department of Entomology University of Georgia Tifton Department of Entomology University of Georgia Griffin Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia Tifton Georgia USA Collegeof Plant Protection Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China Texas A&M University Texas AgriLife LubbockTexas Department of Entomology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USDA-ArS Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology Gainesviile Florida USA

Spatial and temporal patterns of insect damage in relation to aflatoxin contamination in a corn field with plants of uniform genetic background are not well understood. After previous examination of spatial patterns of insect damage and aflatoxin in pre-harvest corn fields, we further examined both spatial and temporal patterns of cob- and kernel- feeding insect damage, and aflatoxin level with two samplings at pre-harvest in 2008 and 2009. The feeding damage by each of the ear/kernel-feeding insects （i.e., corn earworm/fall armyworm damage on the silk/cob, and discoloration of corn kernels by stink bugs） and maize weevil population were assessed at each grid point with five ears. Sampling data showed a field edge effect in both insect damage and aflatoxin contamination in both years. Maize weevils tended toward an aggregated distribution more frequently than either corn earworm or stink bug damage in both years. The frequency of detecting aggregated distribution for aflatoxin level was less than any of the insect damage assessments. Stink bug damage and maize weevil number were more closely associated with aflatoxin level than was corn earworm damage. In addition, the indices of spatial-temporal association （χ） demonstrated that the number of maize weevils was associated between the first （4 weeks pre-harvest） and second （1 week pre-harvest） samplings in both years on all fields. In contrast, corn earworm damage between the first and second samplings from the field on the Belflower Farm, and aflatoxin level and corn earworm damage from the field on the Lang Farm were dissociated in 2009.

关键词： aflatoxin level corn earworm damage maize weevil population SADIE analysis spatial pattern spatio-temporal association stink bug damage