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Flexible neural probes:a review of the current advantages,drawbacks,and future demands

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第2期25卷 153-167页

作者： Sara PIMENTA Joao r.FrEITAS joséH.COrrEIA CMEMS-UMinho University of MinhoGuimarães4800-058Portugal lABBElS-Associate laboratory Braga/GuimarãesPortugal

Brain diseases affect millions of people and have a huge social and economic *** use of neural probes for studies in animals has been the main approach to increasing knowledge about neural network ***,neuroscientists are trying to develop new and more effective therapeutic approaches to treating neurological *** implementation of neural probes with multifunctionalities(electrical,optical,and fluidic interactions)has been increasing in the last few years,leading to the creation of devices with high temporal and spatial *** the applicability of,and elements integrated into,neural probes has also led to the necessity to create flexible interfaces,reducing neural tissue damage during probe implantation and increasing the quality of neural acquisition *** this paper,we review the fabrication,characterization,and validation of several types of flexible neural probes,exploring the main advantages and drawbacks of these ***,future developments and applications are ***,this review aims to present the currently available flexible devices and future appropriate avenues for development as possible guidance for future engineered devices.

关键词： Brain knowledge Flexible interface Multifunctional probe

Ferroelectricity Induced by Oxygen Vacancies in rhombohedral ZrO_(2) Thin Films

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 229-237页

作者： Veniero lenzi josé P.B.Silva Břetislav Šmíd Vladimir Matoín Cosmin M.Istrate Corneliu Ghica Judith l.MacManus-driscoll luís Marques Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities(CF-UM-UP) University of MinhoCampus de Gualtar 4710-057Braga Portugal laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies LapMETUniversity of Minho4710-057Braga Portugal department of Surface and Plasma Science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityV Holešovičkách 218000Prague 8 Czech Republic National Institute of Materials Physics 105 bis Atomistilor 077125Magurele Romania department of Materials Science and Metallurgy 27 Charles Babbage Rd.Cambridge CB3 OFSUK

rhombohedral phase Hf_(x)Zr_(1.x)O_(2)(HZO,x from 0 to 1)films are promising for achieving robust ferroelectric polarization without the need for an initial wake-up pre-cycling,as is normally the case for the more commonly studied orthorhombic ***,a large spontaneous polarization observed in rhombohedral films is not fully understood,and there are also large discrepancies between experimental and theoretical *** this work,in rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films,we show that oxygen vacancies are not only a key factor for stabilizing the phase,but they are also a source of ferroelectric polarization in the *** is shown experimentally through the investigation of the structural properties,chemical composition and the ferroelectric properties of the films before and after an annealing at moderate temperature(400℃)in an oxygen environment to reduce the V_(o)concentration *** experimental work is supported by density functional theory(dFT)calculations which show that the rhombohedral phase is the most stable one in highly oxygen defective ZrO_(2)*** dFT calculations also show that V_(o)contribute to the ferroelectric *** findings reveal the importance of V_(o)for stabilizing rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films with superior ferroelectric properties.

关键词： charged defects ferroelectric polarization rhombohedral phase stability zirconia

Stress tensors and quantification of fracture patterns to analyze connectivity and potential fluid flow in a mesa landform of the Northern Andes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 271-291页

作者： GArCÍA-ArIAS Sergio VElANdIA Francisco AlVArEZ Angélica SANABrIA-GÓMEZ joséd TArAZONA Yessenia VArGAS María Camila Escuela de Geología Universidad Industrial de SantanderCra.27 Calle 9BucaramangaColombia Escuela de Física Universidad Industrial de SantanderCra.27 Calle 9BucaramangaColombia

This work applies stress tensors inversions and quantification of fracture patterns along the Mesa de los Santos, in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, to better understand the potential fluid flow. It thus contributes to the conceptual hydrogeological model. The area was subdivided into three blocks, separated by the NW Potreros and the los Santos faults, having minor inner.fa.lts of different orientations. This separation facilitates the analysis of the fractures measured in the field, which in general show high dip angles and a conjugate geometry in the northern block, tension fractures(Mode I) in the central block, and a random distribution in the southwestern block. WinTensor treatment of slickensides yielded a maximum horizontal stress(SHmax) of 111o, which coincides with the WNW-ESE tensor observed from the conjugate and tension joints. We then used Frac Pa Q to generate interpolation maps of fracture intensity and density. The maps show the highest values in the central block and the lowest in the northern block,where the precipitation is higher, causing intensive rock weathering and homogenization of the fracture planes. Although the highest values of connectivity by line are found to the south of the mesa, we suggest the possibility of greater flow from the recharge zone(NE) along bedding planes and open NW-SE fractures.

关键词： Mesa de los Santos Colombia Win-Tensor FracPaQ Strike-slip faults Fractured aquifers

Tracking the change in Spanish greenhouse gas emissions through an lMdI decomposition model:A global and sectoral approach

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 114-122页

作者： Paula Fernández González María josé Presno Manuel landajo department of Applied Economics University of OviedoAuda del Cristos/n 33011 OviedoSpain

The reduction of GHG emissions to reverse the greenhouse effect is one of the main challenges in this *** this paper we pursue two ***,we analyze the evolution of GHG emissions in Spain in 2008–2018,at both the global and sectoral levels,with the variation in emissions decomposed into a set of determining ***,we propose several actions specifically oriented to more tightly controlling the level of *** results showed a remarkable reduction(18.44%)in GHG emissions,mainly due to the intensity effect,but also to the production-per-capita *** detected somewhat different patterns among the various sectors *** the intensity effect was the most influential one in the agricultural,transport,and others sectors,the production-per-capita effect was predominant in the case of *** carbonization effect was revealed as crucial in the commerce *** above findings highlight the importance of the energy efficiency measures taken in recent years in the Spanish economy,also pointing to the need to deepen those strategies and to propose new measures that entail greater efficiency in *** efforts in areas like innovation,r&d,diffusion of more eco-friendly technologies,and a greater use of greener energies all prove to be essential reduction actions to fight the greenhouse effect.

关键词： lMdI decomposition Spain GHG emissions

Exploring the size of Andean condor foraging groups along an altitudinal and latitudinal gradient in the Tropical Andes: Ecological and conservation implications

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 225-232页

作者： diego Mendez Felix Hernan Vargas joséHernan Sarasola Pedro P.Oleaa departamento de Ecologia Universidad Autonoma de MadridCalle Darwin 228049MadridSpain Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Calle 26 s/nCota CotaLa PazBolivia The Peregrine Fund 5668 West Flying Hawk LaneBoiseID 83709USA Centro para el Estudio y Conservacion de Aves rapaces en Argentina(CECArA) Universidad Nacional de La PampaAvda Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Instituto de las Ciencias Ambientales y de la Tierra de la Pampa(INCITAP-CONICET) Avda.Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridCalle Darwin 228049Madrid Snain

Patterns of variation in the size of vulture foraging groups,and their ecological causes and consequences,remain litle explored despite strong links with the carrion recycling service that this key functional group *** documented the group size-frequency pattern of Andean con-dors Vultur gryphus gathered to feed on 42 equine carcasses experimentally placed in Bolivia,between 2012 and 2019,along an elevation range of 1,300-4,500 m *** on the location(altitude and latitude)of the foraging groups,we examined the relationship between their size and species'population parameters(size and trend),habitat conditions,and livestock carcass availability and *** utilized a high frequency(93%)of carcasses forming groups that ranged from 1 to 80 individuals(mean=25,median=18)and shaped a"lazy-J curve"typical pattern of size-frequency distribution whereby few groups(5,12%)were large(>55 individuals)and most(21,50%)were relatively small(dividuals).Group size related to altitude in that most larger groups formed at lower sites(below c.3,000 m asl),likely following an altitudinal gradient whereby larger groups are more likely to form around larger carcasses(i.e.,cattle),which are more likely to occur at lower *** of population size,group size could be an adaptive response of condors via local enhancement for improving individual scavenging *** information gaps on this topic still exist,thus we provide a set of questions to address them,especially amidst the unrestricted impacts of human activities that condition vulture survival globally.

关键词： condor andino fusion-fission dynamics group size scavenger social foraging vultures.

A social media adoption strategy for cultural dissemination in municipalities with tourist potential:lamas,Peru,as a case study

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Built Heritage 2024年第2期8卷 67-78页

作者： Pierre Vidaurre-rojas Seidy Janice Vela-reátegui lloy Pinedo Miguel Valles-Coral Jorge raul Navarro-Cabreraand Very rengifo-Hidalgo Teresa del Pilar lópez-Sánchez joséSeijas-díaz Ángel Cárdenas-García rosa Elena Cueto-Orbe ATEC Management research Group Faculty of Economic SciencesUniversidad Nacional de San MartínJr.Maynas N°177TarapotoPerú faculty of Systems and Informatics Engineering Universidad Nacional de San MartínJr.Maynas N°177TarapotoPerú Tourism development and International Business research Group Faculty of EconomicAdministrative and Accounting SciencesUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de Alto AmazonasProlongación Libertad 1220-1228YurimaguasPerú Tourism development and International Business research Group Faculty of International Business and TourismUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Alto AmazonasProlongación Libertad 1220-1228YurimaguasPerú

Social media is commonly used by governments to disseminate information related to transparency and institutional promotion,but its potential for the dissemination of cultural resources is often *** research proposes a strategy for adopting social media to achieve cultural dissemination in the municipality of lamas,Peru,which has tourism potential and has been awarded the“Best Tourism Villages”seal of the World Tourism ***,we propose a case study at a propositional exploratory *** start by determining the current state of dissemination of tangible and intangible resources,as well as the practical use of social media,through a survey of 20 *** results reveal that crafts are the most widely disseminated tangible resource in the municipality(according to 55%of officials),and intangible resources are occasionally disseminated(50%).We also find that facebook is the only digital channel used to disseminate cultural *** this context,we formulate a strategy for adopting social media to improve cultural dissemination,which consists of six phases:(i)forming a work team,(ii)preparing a budget plan,(iii)strengthening capacities,(iv)taking inventory of cultural resources,(v)coordinating community interests and(vi)preparing a cultural dissemination *** findings can contribute to formulating public initiatives for the institutionalisation of social media in governments for the purposes of preserving,promoting and guaranteeing the accessibility of cultural heritage.

关键词： Cultural heritage Cultural preservation Cultural promotion digital attraction digital communication Government Social networks Tourism development Visitors

A discussion about the limitations of the Eurocode’s high-speed load model for railway bridges

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railway Engineering Science 2024年第2期32卷 211-228页

作者： Gonçalo Ferreira Pedro Montenegro josérui Pinto António Abel Henriques rui Calçada CONSTrUCT-lESE Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr.Roberto Frias4200-465 PortoPortugal CONSTrUCT-lABEST Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr.Roberto Frias4200-465 PortoPortugal

High-speed railway bridges are subjected to normative limitations concerning maximum permissible deck *** the design of these structures,the European norm EN 1991-2 introduces the high-speed load model(HSlM)—a set of point loads intended to include the effects of existing high-speed ***,the evolution of current trains and the recent development of new load models motivate a discussion regarding the limits of validity of the *** this study,a large number of randomly generated load models of articulated,conventional,and regular trains are tested and compared with the envelope of HSlM *** each type of train,two sets of 100,000 load models are considered:one abiding by the limits of the EN 1991-2 and another considering wider *** comparison is achieved using both a bridge-independent metric(train signatures)and dynamic analyses on a case study bridge(the Canelas bridge of the Portuguese railway Network).For the latter,a methodology to decrease the computational cost of moving loads analysis is *** show that some theoretical load models constructed within the stipulated limits of the norm can lead to effects not covered by the *** is especially noted in conventional trains,where there is a relation with larger distances between centres of adjacent vehicle bogies.

关键词： High-speed load model dynamic analysis High-speed railways Train signature railway bridges deck acceleration

Benchmarks for Pirá2.0,a reading Comprehension dataset about the Ocean,the Brazilian Coast,and Climate Change

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data Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 29-63页

作者： Paulo Pirozelli Marcos M.josé Igor Silveira Flávio Nakasato Sarajane M.Peres Anarosa A.F.Brandão Anna H.r.Costa fabio G.Cozman Universidade de São Paulo ringgold Standard Institution-Instituto de Estudos Avançados Av.370 São Paulo 05508-900Brazil Universidade de São Paulo ringgold Standard Institution-Instituto de Matemática e Estatística Av.370 São Paulo 05508-900Brazil Universidade de São Paulo Rua Cayowaá876 apto 141SÃO PAULO 05018-001Brazil Universidade de São Paulo ringgold Standard Institution Escola Politécnica Av.370São Paulo 05508-900Brazil.

Piráis a reading comprehension dataset focused on the ocean,the Brazilian coast,and climate change,built from a collection of scientific abstracts and reports on these *** dataset represents a versatile language resource,particularly useful for testing the ability of current machine learning models to acquire expert scientific *** its potential,a detailed set of baselines has not yet been developed for Pirá.By creating these baselines,researchers can more easily utilize Piráas a resource for testing machine learning models across a wide range of question answering *** this paper,we define six benchmarks over the Pirádataset,covering closed generative question answering,machine reading comprehension,information retrieval,open question answering,answer triggering,and multiple choice question *** part of this effort,we have also produced a curated version of the original dataset,where we fixed a number of grammar issues,repetitions,and other ***,the dataset has been extended in several new directions,so as to face the aforementioned benchmarks:translation of supporting texts from English into Portuguese,classification labels for answerability,automatic paraphrases of questions and answers,and multiple choice *** results described in this paper provide several points of reference for researchers interested in exploring the challenges provided by the Pirádataset.

关键词： Natural language processing Question answering Benchmarks language resource domainOriented dataset Scientific knowledge text dataset

Effect of drug therapies on self-reported chemosensory outcomes after COVId-19

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 88-96页

作者： Marco A.Fornazieri Bruno M.Cunha Samuel P.Nicácio lucas K.Anzolin josél.B.da Silva Aristides Fernandes Neto deusdedit Brandão Neto richard l.Voegels Fábio d.r.Pinna department of Surgery Londrina State UniversityLondrinaBrazil department of Medicine Pontifical Catholic University of ParanáLondrinaBrazil department of Otorhinolaryngology University of São PauloSao PauloBrazil department of Otorhinolaryngology:Head and Neck Surgery Perelman School of MedicineSmell and Taste CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of medications used following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SArS-CoV-2)infection on self-reported alterations in taste and/or smell ***:Seven hundred and fourteen persons with self-reported postcoronavirus disease 2019(post-COVId-19)chemosensory disorders were personally interviewed regarding specific medications they were administered following the acute phase of the *** dependent measure—self-reported total recovery of chemosensory symptoms—was subjected to stepwise logistic *** predictors included demographic and clinical variables,in addition to specific medications used to mitigate disease symptoms(i.e.,systemic corticosteroids,oseltamivir,vitamin C,ibuprofen,hydroxychloroquine,azithromycin,ivermectin,nitazoxanide,anticoagulants,and zinc).results:The median time between COVId-19 symptom onset and the interviews was 81 days(interquartile range:60-104).Of the 714 subjects,249(34.9%)reported total recovery of their chemosensory function;437(61.2%)had at least one treatment since the beginning of the *** and those with more comorbidities had undergone more *** recovery rates of the treated and nontreated groups did not differ ***,respondents who had used nitazoxanide tended to have a higher rate of self-reported taste or smell *** who took oral zinc were less likely to ***:No medication employed during the first months after SArS-CoV-2 infection had a clear positive effect on returning self-reported smell or taste function to normal,although nitrazoxide trended in a positive *** zinc had a negative effect on the reported recovery of these senses.

关键词： chemosensory disorder coronavirus infections COVId-19 drug therapy SArS-CoV-2 smell loss taste loss