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The role and significance of Magnesium in modern day research-A review

Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第1期10卷 1-65页

作者： s V satya Prasad s B Prasad Kartikey Verma raghvendra Kumar mishra Vikas Kumar subhash singh Department of Production and Industrial Engineering National Institute of Technology JamshedpurJharkhand831014India Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKanpur208016India Enhanced Composites and structures Center School of AerospaceTransport and ManufacturingCranfield UniversityBedfordshire MK43 OALUK Department of Automotive Technology Mechanical Department DivisionFederal TVET instituteAddis AbabaEthiopia

Magnesium is one of the largely available elements in the earth’s crust. It has a low structural density with high specific strength. This unique material property has forced an increase in the use of magnesium and its alloys in various applications pertaining to industrial sector,automobiles, aerospace and biomedical. since magnesium is a highly reactive metal, it is prone to higher rate of corrosion as compared to its counterparts. Thus, it is essential to analyze the corrosion behavior of magnesium and its alloys in its applications. An appropriate process is to be followed in the design and development of magnesium alloys which overcome the limitations of magnesium and enhance the desired material properties in accordance to their applications. This review paper summarizes the importance of magnesium and its material properties. The influence of various alloying elements on the mechanical properties of magnesium is reviewed. The broad classification of Mg alloys and their behavioral trends are detailed. The corrosion behavior of magnesium and the influence of corrosion products on the material characteristics of magnesium, in aqueous medium, are discussed. The manufacturing techniques of magnesium alloys along with the secondary techniques are also covered. The various applications and the limitations of magnesium in these applications are covered. A complete section is dedicated towards detailing the recent trends of magnesium(Mg) alloys, i.e., the biodegradable nature and applications of Mg alloys. The influence of biocorrosion on Mg alloys and techniques to overcome it have been deliberated. This paper provides a thorough review on recent developments of magnesium with respect to engineering applications.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Biodegradable alloys Magnesium corrosion Biocorrosion

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Thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices in appropriate for gestational age ultra-low birth weight infants:need for more evidence

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 643-652页

作者： Umesh mishra Deanne August Karen Walker Pranav r.Jani Mark Tracy Faculty of Medicine and Health University of SydneySydneyAustralia Department of Neonatology Westmead HospitalWestmeadNSWAustralia Grantley stable Neonatal Unit Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia school of Nursing Midwifery and Social WorkUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Department of Newborn Care Royal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownAustralia

Background Although not universal,active care is being offered to infants weighing<500 g at birth,referred to as ultra-low birth weight(ULBW)infants appropriate for gestational *** infants have the greatest risk of dy... 详细信息

Background Although not universal,active care is being offered to infants weighingrth,referred to as ultra-low birth weight(ULBW)infants appropriate for gestational *** infants have the greatest risk of dying or developing major *** infants face challenges related to fluid and heat loss as well as skin injury in the initial days of life from extreme anatomical and physiological immaturity of the *** there is an emerging literature on the outcomes of ULBW infants,there is a paucity of evidence to inform practice guidelines for delivering optimal care to this cohort of *** sources A comprehensive review of the literature was performed using the PubMed and Embase *** keywords included“thermoregulation or body temperature regulation”,“incubator humidity”,“skin care”,“infant,extremely low birth weight”and“ultra-low birth weight infants”.results Evidences for thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices are available for preterm infants weighingrth but not specifically for ULBW *** on thermoregulation,incubator humidity,or skincare practices had a small sample size and did not include a sub-group analysis for ULBW *** practice recommendations in ULBW infants are adopted from research in very and/or extremely low birth weight *** This narrative review focuses on challenges in thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices in ULBW infants,highlights current research gaps and suggests potential developments for informing practices for improving health outcomes in ULBW infants.

关键词： Incubator humidity Neonatal intensive care unit skincare Thermoregulation Ultra-low birth weight

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Phase Transformation and Mechanical Properties of an Ultrahigh strength steel

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Journal of Iron and steel research International 2011年第S1期18卷 192-199页

作者： s.Chatterjee s.K.Ghosh P.s.Bandyopadhyay sanak mishra Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering BESUShibpurHowrah 711103India Ordnance Development Centre Metal and Steel FactoryIshapore 743144India ArcelorMittal India Limited New Delhi 110025

The present study deals with the development of a low carbon high strength steel by thermomechanical controlled processing on a pilot *** continuous cooling transformation has yielded a flat top "C" curve with the phase field occupied by a mixture of bainite and *** microstructure of water quenched steel essentially consists of highly dislocated lath martensite along with fine (Ti,Nb)CN precipitates and *** strength steel with 1217-1298 MPa yield strength and 1372-1513 MPa ultimate tensile strength along with 16-12% total elongation has been obtained in the range of 850 to 750℃ finish rolling *** impact toughness value in the range of 45-72J was also achieved in the present steel.

关键词： ultrahigh strength steel thermomechanical controlled processing microstructure mechanical properties

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Dietary fiber in poultry nutrition and their effects on nutrient utilization,performance,gut health,and on the environment:a review

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2022年第1期13卷 1-16页

作者： rajesh Jha Pravin mishra Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Dietary fiber(DF)was considered an antinutritional factor due to its adverse effects on feed intake and nutrient ***,with increasing evidence,scientists have found that DF has enormous impacts on the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)development,digestive physiology,including nutrient digestion,fermentation,and absorption processes of *** may help maintain the small and large intestine’s integrity by strengthening mucosal structure and functions and increasing the population and diversity of commensal bacteria in the *** DF content benefits digestive physiology by stimulating GIT development and enzyme *** the inclusion of fiber at a moderate level in diets also alters poultry growth *** improves gut health by modulating beneficial microbiota in the large intestine and enhancing immune ***,determining the source,type,form,and level of DF inclusion is of utmost importance to achieve the above-noted *** paper critically reviews the available information on dietary fibers used in poultry and their effects on nutrient utilization,GIT development,gut health,and poultry *** these functions will help develop nutrition programs using proper DF at an appropriate inclusion level that will ultimately lead to enhanced DF utilization,overall health,and improved poultry growth ***,this review will help researchers and industry identify the sources,type,form,and amount of DF to be used in poultry nutrition for healthy,costeffective,and eco-friendly poultry production.

关键词： Chicken Dietary fiber Environment Gastrointestinal tract Immunity Intestinal microbiota

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A novel reconfiguration of the solar array to enhance peak power and efficiency under partial shading conditions:experimental validation

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Clean Energy 2023年第4期7卷 824-842页

作者： Vijay Laxmi mishra Yogesh K.Chauhan K.s.Verma EED KNIT SultanpurU.P.Pin-228118India

Non-homogeneous irradiation patterns and temperature levels immensely affect the performance of solar photovoltaic *** shading conditions on solar arrays reduce the peak power and *** paper provides a new remedy called a novel ramanujan reconfiguration(Nrr)to eliminate this physical shading problem in solar photovoltaic *** is a static-based reconfigured technique that is built using a three-diode model with the help of the MATLAB®/simulink®*** special feature of the proposed Nrr technique is that when shade occurs on the solar modules,it gets realigned in a particular row,column,diagonal,corner,centre and middle peripheral *** helps over a wide range of shade dispersion on the solar *** novel topology is tested against the conventional total cross-tied(TCT)model and recently introduced advanced reconfigured models,namely odd–even topology(OET)and Kendoku topology(KDT).The results are tested under certain shading *** proposed Nrr technique increases the peak power by 4.45,2.15 and 2.17 W under the first shading condition regarding TCT,OET and *** efficiency is improved by 0.51–2.18%under the third shading condition compared with other considered models in this *** addition,Nrr leads to smooth output curves under the second,third and fourth shading conditions,effectively mitigating the local power *** experimental results show the proposed enhanced performance of the novel model against the other *** Abstract remedy for physical problem correlated with solar photovoltaics Comparison with traditional and recent solar models Conclusion:Nrr has effectively handled the problem related with solar *** has improved the efficiency up to 31.44%under ***,smooth output curves under s2-s4 shows its effectiveness in mitigating the local power *** power gain at 3.94%under s4 is achieved by novel ***-time verification proves the supremacy of novel proposed model over o

关键词： efficiency partial shading conditions peak power ramanujan reconfiguration solar array total cross-tied three-diode model

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Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2022年第1期13卷 166-180页

作者： Amit K.singh Birendra mishra Michael r.Bedford rajesh Jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA AB Vista Feed Ingredients MarlboroughWiltshireUK

Background:This study evaluated the effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides(XOs)in a cornsoybean meal(sBM)-based diet on growth performance and intestinal health of broilers.A total of 288 day-old chicks(Cobb 500)were allocated to 36 floor pens(8 birds/pen)equally in 9 dietary treatments in a 3×3 factorial *** treatments were combinations of 3 levels of xylanase(0,0.005% and 0.01% Econase XT)and 3 levels of prebiotics(0,0.005% and 0.01% XOs)added to basal mash diets formulated in three phases(starter,d 0-14;grower,d 15-28;finisher,d 29-42).The feed intake and body weights were recorded *** d 42,ileal sections were collected for histomorphometric and gene expression analysis,and cecal content was collected for determining short-chain fatty acids(sCFA)and ***:Xylanase linearly(Preased the average daily gain(ADG)in both the finisher and total period and the final body weight gain(FBWG,2940&2932 vs.2760 g)of *** did not significantly increase either ADG or FBWG(P>0.05).supplemental xylanase and XOs did not affect average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio(P>0.05).Xylanase and XOs did not change villus height(VH)or crypt depth(CD)ratio(P>0.05).However,xylanase exhibited a trend(P=0.097)on VH:CD *** inclusion of 0.01%XOs without xylanase increased the level of IL-10(a marker of anti-inflammatory cytokine)and IL-4(a T-cell differentiation cytokine)genes compared with control(Production was increased by xylanase(Ps(Preased total sCFA(Ps had a tendency to increase(P=0.052).Alpha and beta diversity of microbiota among treatments were not different(P>0.05).However,the mean proportion of family ruminococcaceae was increased by the supplemental 0.01% xylanase(Psion:It can be concluded that XOs can enhance cecal fermentation,while xylanase can increase the body weight gain along with the ferment

关键词： Gene expression Histomorphology Microbiota Poultry Prebiotics short-chain fatty acid Xylooligosaccharide

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Free Convection of a Viscous Electrically Conducting Fluid Past a stretching surface

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第2期18卷 205-222页

作者： Abdulmajeed D.Aldabesh P.K.Pattnaik s.Jena s.r.mishra Mouna Ben Henda Iskander Tlili Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAlbaha UniversityAl Bahah65527Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics College of Engineering and TechnologyBhubaneswarOdisha751029India Department of Mathematics Centurion University of Technology and ManagementBhubaneswarOdisha751009India Department of Mathematics Siksha‘O’Anusandhan Deemed to be UniversityBhubaneswarOdisha751030India Physics Department College of ScienceAl-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAL-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Free convection of a viscous electrically conducting liquid past a vertical stretching surface is investigated in the presence of a transverse magnetic *** convection is driven by both thermal and solutal *** original partial differential equations governing the problem are turned into a set of ordinary differential equations through a similar variables *** alternate set of equations is solved through a Differential Transform Method(DTM)and the Pade *** response of the considered physical system to the non-dimensional parameters accounting for the relative importance of different effects is assessed considering different situations.

关键词： Viscous fluid magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) thermal and mass buoyancy differential transform method and pade approximant

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Understanding activity of butyrate at a cellular level

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2323-2324页

作者： Prapti Chakraborty Angela s.Laird Macquarie University Motor Neuron Disease research Centre Macquarie Medical SchoolFaculty of MedicineHealth and Human SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia

Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid of four carbons in length that is a by-product produced by the microbial fermentation of dietary fiber and undigested carbohydrates within the *** the years,butyrate has attracted ... 详细信息

关键词： carbons butyrate fiber

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Microglial dysfunction and genetic risk for neurodegenerative disease

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1401-1402页

作者： Debra s.MacDonald Jay Penney Department of Biomedical sciences AVCUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPECanada

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases a re increasing in prevalence as world populations *** tremendous progress has been made,our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the development of these diseases remains far from com *** troubling,despite the growing emotional and financial toll being to ken by neurodegenerative disorders,existing treatment options are limited almost exclusively to those that help manage symptoms but that lack the ability to alter the progression of the disease(Liu et al.,2022).

关键词： degenerative diseases

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Evaluation of hydro-chemistry in a phreatic aquifer in the Vindhyan region, India, using entropy weighted approach and geochemical modelling

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第4期42卷 648-672页

作者： Ashutosh mishra Aman rai Prabuddh Kumar mishra suresh Chand rai Department of Geography Delhi School of EconomicsUniversity of DelhiDelhi 110027India Department of Geography Shivaji CollegeUniversity of DelhiDelhi 110027India

Groundwater quality monitoring and geochemical characterization in the phreatic aquifer are critical for ensuring universal and equitable access to clean,reliable,and inexpensive drinking water for *** research was intended to investigate the hydrogeochemical attributes and mechanisms regulating the chemistry of groundwater as well as to assess spatial variation in groundwater quality in satna district,*** accomplish this,the groundwater data comprising 13 physio-chemical parameters from thirty-eight phreatic aquifer locations were analysed for May 2020 by combining entropy-weighted water quality index(EWQI),multivariate statistics,geochemical modelling,and geographical information *** findings revealed that the groundwater is fresh and slightly *** was a significant concern as 57.89% of samples were beyond the permissible limit of the World Health *** dominance of ions were in the order of Ca^(2+)> Na^(+)> Mg^(2+)> K^(+) and HCO_(3)^(-)> sO_(4)^(2-)> Cl^-> NO_(3)^(-)> F^(-).Higher concentration of these ions is mainly concentrated in the northeast and eastern *** correlation analysis and principal component analysis(PCA) demonstrated that both natural and human factors regulate groundwater chemistry in the *** analysis of Q-mode agglomerative hierarchical clustering highlighted three significant water ***-HCO_3 was the most prevalent hydro-chemical facies in all three *** modelling through various conventional plots indicated that groundwater chemistry in the research region is influenced by the dissolution of calcite/dolomite,reverse ion exchange,and by silicate and halite *** data of the study area disclosed that 73.69% of the samples were appropriate for *** to high salinity,Magnesium(Mg^(2+)),Nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and Bicarbonate(HCO_(3)^(-)) concentrations,the north-central and north-eastern regions are particularly *** findings of the study m

关键词： Groundwater quality assessment EWQI Multivariate statistical analysis Geochemical modelling Hydrogeochemical processes saturation index

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