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Effect of root-Induced Chemical Changes on Dynamics and Plant Uptake of Heavy Metals in rhizosphere Soils

Pedosphere 2010年第4期20卷 494-504页

作者： K.r.KIM G.OWENS r.naidu Climate Change & Agroecology Division Department of Agricultural EnvironmentNational Academy of Agricultural Science Centre for Environmental risk Assessment and remediation University of South Australia Cooperative research Centre for Contamination Assessment and remediation of the Environment

It is increasingly recognized that metal bioavailability is a better indicator of the potential for phytoremediation than the total metal concentration in soils; therefore, an understanding of the inffuence of phytoremediation plants on metal dynamics at the soil-root interface is increasingly vital for the successful implementation of this remediation technique. In this study, we investigated the heavy metal and soil solution chemical changes at field moisture, after growth of either Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) or sunffower (Helianthus annuus L.), in long-term contaminated soils and the subsequent metal uptake by the selected plants. In addition, the fractions of free metal ions in soil solution were determined using the Donnan membrane technique. After plant growth soil solution pH increased by 0.2-1.4 units and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) increased by 1-99 mg L-1 in all soils examined. Soluble Cd and Zn decreased after Indian mustard growth in all soils examined, and this was attributed to increases in soil solution pH (by 0.9 units) after plant growth. Concentrations of soluble Cu and Pb decreased in acidic soils but increased in alkaline soils. This discrepancy was likely due to a competitive effect between plant-induced pH and DOC changes on the magnitude of metal solubility. The fractions of free Cd and Zn ranged from 7.2% to 32% and 6.4% to 73%, respectively, and they generally decreased as pH and DOC increased after plant growth. Metal uptake by plants was dependant on the soil solution metal concentration, which was governed by changes in pH and DOC induced by plant exudates, rather than on the total metal concentrations. Although plant uptake also varied with metal and soil types, overall soluble metal concentrations in the rhizosphere were mainly inffuenced by root-induced changes in pH and DOC which subsequently affected the metal uptake by plants.

关键词：植物根际土壤诱导动力学化学变化重金属吸收

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Multi-scale analysis of carbon mineralization in lime-treated soils considering soil mineralogy

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Journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2296-2309页

作者： Dhanalakshmi Padmaraj Chinchu Cherian Dali naidu Arnepalli Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India University of Northern British Columbia Prince GeorgeBCV2N4Z9Canada

Mineral carbonation is emerging as a reliable CO_(2) capture technology that can mitigate climate *** lime-treated clayey soils,mineral carbonation occurs through the carbonation of free lime and cementitious products derived from pozzolanic *** kinetics of the reactions in lime-treated clayey soils are variable and depend primarily on soil *** present study demonstrates the role of soil mineralogy in CO_(2) capture and the subsequent changes caused by carbon mineralization in terms of the unconfined compressive strength(UCS)of lime-treated soils during their service *** clayey soils(kaolin,bentonite,and silty clay)with different mineralogical characteristics were treated with 4%lime content,and the samples were cured in a controlled environment for 7 d,90 d,180 d,and 365 *** the specified curing periods,the samples were exposed to CO_(2) in a carbonation cell for 7 *** non-carbonated samples purged with N2 gas were used as a benchmark to compare the mechanical,chemical-mineralogical,and microstructure changes caused by carbonation *** investigations indicated that exposure to CO_(2) resulted in an average increase of 10%in the UCS of limetreated bentonite,whereas the strength of lime-treated kaolin and silty clay was reduced by an average of 35%.The chemical and microstructural analyses revealed that the precipitated carbonates effectively filled the macropores of the treated bentonite,compared to the inadequate cementation caused by pozzolanic reactions,resulting in strength *** contrast,strength loss in lime-treated kaolin and silty clay was attributed to the carbonation of cementitious phases and partly to the tensile stress induced by carbonate *** terms of carbon mineralization prospects,lime-treated kaolin exhibited maximum carbonation due to the higher availability of unreacted *** results suggest that,in addition to the increase in compressive strength,adequate calcium-b

关键词： Clays Mineralogy Carbon capture Lime Strength Pore structure

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Coupled bio-chemo-hydro-mechanical modeling of microbially induced calcite precipitation process considering biomass encapsulation using a micro-scale relationship

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Journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2775-2789页

作者： Pavan Kumar Bhukya Nandini Adla Dali naidu Arnepalli Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia

Geomaterials with inferior hydraulic and strength characteristics often need improvement to enhance their engineering *** ground improvement techniques require enormous mechanical effort or synthetic *** stabilization technique such as microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP)utilizes bacterial metabolic processes to precipitate cementitious calcium *** reactive transport of biochemical species in the soil mass initiates the precipitation of biocement during the MICP *** precipitated biocement alters the hydro-mechanical performance of the soil ***,the flow,deformation,and transport phenomena regulate the biocementation technique via coupled bio-chemo-hydro-mechanical(BCHM)*** all,one crucial phenomenon controlling the precipitation mechanism is the encapsulation of biomass by calcium *** encapsulation can potentially reduce the biochemical reaction rate and decelerate *** examination of the encapsulation process demands a thorough analysis of associated coupled *** this,a numerical model can assist in capturing the coupled processes influencing encapsulation during the MICP ***,most numerical models did not consider biochemical reaction rate kinetics accounting for the influence of bacterial *** this,the current study developed a coupled BCHM model to evaluate the effect of encapsulation on the precipitated calcite content using a micro-scale semiempirical ***,the developed BCHM model was verified and validated using numerical and experimental observations of soil column ***,the encapsulation phenomenon was investigated in the soil columns of variable maximum calcite crystal *** results depict altered reaction rates due to the encapsulation phenomenon and an observable change in the precipitated calcite content for each maximum crystal ***,the permeability and defor

关键词： Biocementation process Bio-chemo-hydro-mechanical(BCHM) model reactive transport Encapsulation Micro-scale

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Coupled multiphysical model for investigation of influence factors in the application of microbially induced calcite precipitation

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Journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2232-2249页

作者： Xuerui Wang Pavan Kumar Bhukya Dali naidu Arnepalli Shuang Chen Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und reaktorsicherheit(GrS)GGmbH Braunschweig38122Germany Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural resources(BGr) Hannover30655Germany

The study presents a comprehensive coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(T-BCH)modeling framework for stabilizing soils using microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP).The numerical model considers relevant multiphysics involved in MICP,such as bacterial ureolytic activities,biochemical reactions,multiphase and multicomponent transport,and alteration of the porosity and *** model incorporates multiphysical coupling effects through well-established constitutive relations that connect parameters and variables from different physical *** was implemented in the open-source finite element code OpenGeoSys(OGS),and a semi-staggered solution strategy was designed to solve the couplings,allowing for flexible model ***,the developed model can be easily adapted to simulate MICP applications in different *** numerical model was employed to analyze the effect of various factors,including temperature,injection strategies,and application ***,a TBCH modeling study was conducted on the laboratory-scale domain to analyze the effects of temperature on urease activity and precipitated calcium *** understand the scale dependency of MICP treatment,a large-scale heterogeneous domain was subjected to variable biochemical injection *** simulations conducted at the field-scale guided the selection of an injection strategy to achieve the desired type and amount of ***,the study emphasized the potential of numerical models as reliable tools for optimizing future developments in field-scale MICP *** present study demonstrates the potential of this numerical framework for designing and optimizing the MICP applications in laboratory-,prototype-,and field-scale scenarios.

关键词： Multiphysics Microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP) Coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(TBCH) model OpenGeoSys(OGS) Influence factors

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Atypical presentation of a posterior fossa tumour:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第13期12卷 2281-2285页

作者： Alisha Narotam Mikara Archary Poobalan Naidoo Yeshkhir Naidoo Vanesha naidu Department of Internal Medicine King Edward VIII Hospital-University of Kwazulu-NatalDurban 4001Kwa-Zulu NatalSouth Africa Department of Internal Medicine Nelson R MandelaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Kwa-Zulu NatalDurban 4001Kwa-Zulu NatalSouth Africa Department of radiology King Edward VIII Hospital-University of Kwazulu-NatalDurban 4001Kwazulu-NatalSouth Africa

BACKGrOUND We described a case of a patient with a meningioma in the posterior fossa presenting atypically with an isolated unilateral vocal cord palsy causing severe respiratory *** is of interest as the patient had no other symptomatology,especially given the size of the mass,which would typically cause a pressure effect leading to neurological and auditory *** SUMMArY This case report described a 48-year-old male who was married with two children and employed as a car *** had a medical history of asthma for the past 10 years controlled with an as-needed beta 2 agonist metered dose *** initially presented to our facility with severe respiratory *** reported a 1-wk history of shortness of breath and wheezing that was not relieved by his *** had no constitutional symptoms or impairment of *** clinical examination,the patient’s chest was“silent.”Our initial assessment was status asthmaticus with type 2 respiratory failure,based on the history of asthma,a“silent chest,”and the arterial blood gas *** A posterior fossa meningioma of such a large size and with extensive infiltration rarely presents with an isolated unilateral vocal cord *** patient’s chief presenting feature was severe respiratory distress,which combined with his background medical history of asthma,was *** should thus consider meningioma as a differential diagnosis for a unilateral vocal cord palsy even without audiology involvement.

关键词： respiratory distress Meningioma Unilateral vocal cord palsy Posterior fossa tumour Neurosurgery Neurology radiology Case report

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Crosstalk between degradation and bioenergetics: how autophagy and endolysosomal processes regulate energy production

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第3期20卷 671-681页

作者： Angelid Pabon Jagannatham naidu Bhupana Ching-On Wong Department of Biological Sciences Rutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA

Cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to changes in nutrient availability, cellular activity, and transitions in cell states. The balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration is crucial for energy production, and metabolic reprogramming stipulates a shift in such balance to optimize both bioenergetic efficiency and anabolic requirements. Failure in switching bioenergetic dependence can lead to maladaptation and pathogenesis. While cellular degradation is known to recycle precursor molecules for anabolism, its potential role in regulating energy production remains less explored. The bioenergetic switch between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration involves transcription factors and organelle homeostasis, which are both regulated by the cellular degradation pathways. A growing body of studies has demonstrated that both stem cells and differentiated cells exhibit bioenergetic switch upon perturbations of autophagic activity or endolysosomal processes. Here, we highlighted the current understanding of the interplay between degradation processes, specifically autophagy and endolysosomes, transcription factors, endolysosomal signaling, and mitochondrial homeostasis in shaping cellular bioenergetics. This review aims to summarize the relationship between degradation processes and bioenergetics, providing a foundation for future research to unveil deeper mechanistic insights into bioenergetic regulation.

关键词： autophagy bioenergetics endolysosome energy production glycolysis metabolic reprogramming mitochondria

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Analysis and Optimization of Operational and Pollutant Attributes of Diesel Engine with CNT-Infused Orange Peel Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 761-778页

作者： ranjeet rAI r.r.SAHOO Mechanical Engineering Department GLA UniversityMathura281406India Mechanical Engineering Department IIT(BHU)Varanasi221005India

The current study is performed to find sustainable solutions for the future of transportation and environmental *** conventional methods and experimental design table(L16 Orthogonal Array)techniques have been employed to examine and optimize a diesel-powered engine's operational and pollutant *** L16 Orthogonal Array is obtained through Taguchi's experimental design approach using Minitab 16 *** experimental design incorporated three control variables,namely engine speed,fuel type,and engine load,each with four *** operational parameters,namely brake thermal efficiency(BTE)and brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC),as well as the emission characteristics,including hydrocarbon(HC),carbon monoxide(CO),nitrogen oxide(NO),and smoke emissions,were acquired using the L16 orthogonal array(OA) and subsequently *** utilization of methodologies such as signal-to-noise(S/N) ratio and grey analysis was employed to determine the optimal operational state of the engine to achieve maximum performance while minimizing *** engine's ideal state of operation,in terms of BTE and BSFC,was determined to be at 75% engine load,1000 r/min engine speed,and using 10^(-4)(in vol) carbon nanotube incorporated 20% orange peel biodiesel(OPB20CNT100) blended fuel(A3-B1-C4).The study indicated that engine load significantly influenced BTE and BSFC,with 84.05% and 87.79% contribution factors,*** 25% engine load,1000 r/min,and OPB20CNT100 fuel(A1-B1-C4) CO,smoke,NO,and HC emissions were the *** load affects emissions the *** BSFC increased 3.10% and NO emissions 1.77%.BTE,CO,smoke,and HC emissions decreased by 1.9%,12.29%,47.05%,and 47.22%,respectively,at optimal operating conditions concerning diesel *** study shows that Taguchi-Grey's experimental design optimizes diesel engine operational and pollutant *** outcomes revealed that orange peel biodiesel infused with CNT can replace diesel fuel in a

关键词： Taguchi-Grey method OPB20CNT100 transesterification S/N ratio GrG HC CO and NO

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Non-enzymatic methods for isolation of stromal vascular fraction and adipose-derived stem cells:A systematic review

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 134-144页

作者： Vamsi Krishna Mundluru MJ naidu ravi Teja Mundluru Naveen Jeyaraman Sathish Muthu Swaminathan ramasubramanian Madhan Jeyaraman Department of Orthopaedics MJ Naidu Super Speciality HospitalVijayawada 520002Andhra PradeshIndia Department of regenerative Medicine StemC ClinicsVijayawada 520002Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr.MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Orthopaedic Research GroupCoimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical College and HospitalKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennai 600002Tamil NaduIndia

BACKGrOUND Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)and the stromal vascular fraction(SVF)have garnered substantial interest in regenerative medicine due to their potential to treat a wide range of *** enzymatic methods for isolating these cells face challenges such as high costs,lengthy processing time,and regulatory *** This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and practicality of nonenzymatic,mechanical methods for isolating SVF and ADSCs,comparing these to conventional enzymatic *** Following the Preferred reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,a comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple *** were selected based on inclusion criteria focused on non-enzymatic isolation methods for SVF and ADSCs from adipose *** risk of bias was assessed,and a qualitative synthesis of findings was performed due to the methodological heterogeneity of the included *** Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria,highlighting various mechanical techniques such as centrifugation,vortexing,and ultrasonic *** review identified significant variability in cell yield and viability,and the integrity of isolated cells across different non-enzymatic methods compared to enzymatic *** some advantages of mechanical methods,including reduced processing time and avoidance of enzymatic reagents,the evidence suggests a need for optimization to match the cell quality and therapeutic efficacy achievable with enzymatic *** Non-enzymatic,mechanical methods offer a promising alternative to enzymatic isolation of SVF and ADSCs,potentially simplifying the isolation process and reducing regulatory ***,further research is necessary to standardize these techniques and ensure consistent,high-quality cell yields for clinical *** development of efficient,safe,and reproducible non-enzymatic isolation methods could signi

关键词： Adipose-derived stem cells Stromal vascular fraction regenerative medicine Non-enzymatic isolation Mechanical separation techniques

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Kinematic analysis of flexible bipedal robotic systems

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 795-818页

作者： r.FAZEL A.M.SHAFEI S.r.NEKOO Department of Mechanical Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman ***Iran Departamento de Ingenieria de Sistemas y Automatica Escuela Técnica Superior de IngenieriaUniversidad de SevillaSeville 41092Spain

In spite of its intrinsic complexities,the passive gait of bipedal robots on a sloping ramp is a subject of interest for numerous *** distinguishes the present research from similar works is the consideration of flexibility in the constituent links of this type of robotic *** is not a far-fetched assumption because in the transient(impact)phase,due to the impulsive forces which are applied to the system,the likelihood of exciting the vibration modes increases ***,the human leg bones that are involved in walking are supported by viscoelastic muscles and ***,for achieving more exact results,it is essential to model the robot links with viscoelastic *** this end,the Gibbs-Appell formulation and Newton's kinematic impact law are used to derive the most general form of the system's dynamic equations in the swing and transient phases of *** most important issue in the passive walking motion of bipedal robots is the determination of the initial robot configuration with which the system could accomplish a periodic and stable gait solely under the effect of gravitational *** extremely unstable nature of the system studied in this paper and the vibrations caused by the impulsive forces induced by the impact of robot feet with the inclined surface are some of the very serious challenges encountered for achieving the above-mentioned *** overcome such challenges,an innovative method that uses a combination of the linearized equations of motion in the swing phase and the algebraic motion equations in the transition phase is presented in this paper to obtain an eigenvalue *** solving this problem,the suitable initial conditions that are necessary for the passive gait of this bipedal robot on a sloping surface are *** effects of the characteristic parameters of elastic links including the modulus of elasticity and the Kelvin-Voigt coefficient on the walking stability of this type of

关键词： bipedal robot flexible link swing phase transient phase eigenvalue problem Kelvin-Voigt coefficient

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Holographic dark energy in non-conserved gravity theory

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 126-133页

作者： H r Fazlollahi Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University)6 Miklukho-Maklaya StMoscow117198Russia

recently, reconsidering the rastall idea T_(μ;νν)^(v)=α_(,μ) through relativistic thermodynamics gives a new form for the scalar field α which led us to construct modern modified theory of gravity debugged ‘non-conserved gravity theory’ Fazlollahi 2023 Euro. Phys. J. C 83 923. This theory unlike other modified theories of gravity cannot directly explain the current acceleration expansion in the absence of the cosmological constant and or existence of other forms of dark energy. Hence, in this study we have reinvestigated holographic dark energy Ρ_(X)~H^(2) in the non-conserved theory of gravity. In this context, the density and pressure of dark energy depend on the non-conserved term and density of the dust matter field. As shown, due to non-conservation effects on large-scale structures, unlike the original holographic model, our model onsets an acceleration epoch for the current Universe satisfies observations. Moreover, the interaction and viscous scenarios are studied for this model.

关键词： non-conserved gravity covariant form of thermodynamics holographic dark energy

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